’WPCI ˜_ēZņÆHŻšérytwAˆŠŲŗXyī¹E<”(zĀ%Ŗ@ōdRś>ŚķoČ($F„mąēß_Æ^;Ų•e—£“FhājÓѧL `·Æ”Š¾ļł6؜ «>čM…˜`ttā}PŹūż=²ž÷djŸŸŒZ]øÄ7YPŗ8NŹ‹;;!$cgįī+0¹Ó/4ž=˜[­aĘ°-ĘlŌåŖČ@ŅÉęØĀżRqh&:ī-…IIū»-ž†“ü?ó4}«ż¢0²ńņį€”ĄDÆ[¦ż’äWBx©‡Ÿ²¬Ph śÕ.šõE1¼'Ā?ü‰‡õ” †^:@';pzČȘ¢lĮģWo|ī[®žŽ&8Ū¦×V>ŚŲ—0ń²8lQYęŗŹDĀ“ą@|gP;}cŚį 4čdä˜ÜūN$µa@8=-+Æā‡C¹Cu&­OKŅšäŗ·Šeń!šĆƒˆ}ĆܼLŽ(#(# ŠJ.€Brooks€Leahy,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąMelvin€J.€Sykes,€Esq.Šd(#(# ŠTimothy€F.€Ō_ŌMaloneyŌ_Ō,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąRobert€A.€Ō_ŌZarnochŌ_Ō,€Esq.Šź:(#(# ŠĢą  ąIn€attendance:Š –ę ŠĢSandra€F.€Haines,€Esq.,€ReporterŠ B’ ŠŌ_ŌSherieŌ_Ō€B.€Libber,€Esq.,€Assistant€ReporterŠ h ŠHee€Smith,€Rules€Committee€InternŠ ī> ŠJames€Ō_ŌWillettŌ_Ō,€Rules€Committee€InternŠ Ä ŠEileen€King,€Esq.,€Justice€for€ChildrenŠ šź ŠCynthia€Ō_ŌLandesbergŌ_Ō,€Esq.,€Justice€of€ChildrenŠ pĄ  ŠRichard€Abbott,€Esq.Š F –! ŠPeter€J.€Lally,€Baltimore€County€Court€AdministratorŠ !l" ŠHon.€Ann€N.€Ō_ŌSundtŌ_Ō,€Circuit€Court€for€Montgomery€CountyŠ ņ!B# ŠHon.€Ō_ŌLarnzellŌ_Ō€Martin,€Jr.,€Circuit€Court€for€Prince€GeorgeššsŠ Č"$ Š€€CountyŠ ž#ī% ŠMichele€Ō_ŌNethercottŌ_Ō,€Esq.,€Office€of€the€Public€DefenderŠ t$Ä& ŠAlan€C.€Drew,€Esq.,€Office€of€the€Public€DefenderŠ J%š ' ŠErica€Ō_ŌLeMonŌ_Ō,€Esq.,€Administrative€Office€of€the€CourtsŠ  &p!( ŠJohn€R.€Greene,€Esq.Š ö&F") ŠDawn€Ō_ŌMusgraveŌ_Ō,€Esq.Š Ģ'#* ŠHon.€Deborah€S.€Ō_ŌEylerŌ_Ō,€Court€of€Special€AppealsŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠDelegate€Kathleen€M.€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_ŌŠ x)Č$, ŠRhonda€Ō_ŌLipkinŌ_Ō,€Esq.Š N*ž%- ŠBarbara€R.€Trader,€Esq.,€Chair,€Family€&€Juvenile€Law€Section,Š $+t&. Š€€Ō_ŌMSBAŌ_ŌŠ ś+J'/ ŠŠ  Š, (0 ŠPaul€Ō_ŌEthridgeŌ_Ō,€Esq.Š ° ŠHon.€Albert€J.€Ō_ŌMatriccianiŌ_Ō,€Jr.Š †Ö ŠRichard€Montgomery,€Legislative€Relations,€Ō_ŌMSBAŌ_ŌŠ \¬ ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąThe€Chair€convened€the€meeting.€€He€noted€that€Mr.€Sykes€hadŠ Ž. Šreceived€the€first€lifetime€achievement€award€presented€to€aŠ Š Ś ŠMaryland€attorney€by€the€American€College€of€Trial€Lawyers.€€HeŠ 6 †  Šstated€that€Mr.€Sykes€is€very€deserving€of€the€honor.Š ā 2  Šą  ąThe€Reporter€introduced€Ms.€Hee€Smith,€a€student€at€theŠ ŽŽ  ŠUniversity€of€Baltimore€School€of€Law,€who€is€completing€herŠ :Š  Šinternship€with€the€Rules€Committee,€and€Mr.€Jim€Ō_ŌWillettŌ_Ō,€also€aŠ ę6 Šstudent€at€the€University€of€Baltimore€School€of€Law,€who€isŠ ’ā Šbeginning€a€summer€internship€Ō_ŌwithŌ_Ō€the€Rules€Committee.€€Š >Ž Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€announced€that€this€will€be€the€last€CommitteeŠ ź: Šmeeting€for€Mr.€Dean.€€Mr.€Dean€said€that€he€has€served€for€12Š –ę Šyears€on€the€Committee,€and€it€has€been€a€wonderful€experienceŠ B’ Šfor€him.€€He€added€that€he€is€humbled€by€the€appreciation€of€theŠ ī> ŠCommittee.€€He€will€be€going€overseas€again€to€Ō_ŌKosovoŌ_Ō,€leaving€inŠ šź ŠJuly.€€He€will€be€working€with€the€United€Nations€Ō_ŌKosovoŌ_Ō€JudicialŠ F –! ŠProsecuting€Council.€€His€work€there€shows€that€the€AmericanŠ ņ!B# Šlegal€system€is€a€very€good€one.Š ž#ī% Šą  ąThe€Chair€asked€the€Committee€if€they€had€any€additions€orŠ J%š ' Šcorrections€to€the€minutes€of€the€Rules€Committee€meetings€ofŠ ö&F") ŠJanuary€6,€2006€and€March€10,€2006.€€There€being€none,€Mr.€KleinŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šmoved€to€approve€the€minutes€as€presented,€the€motion€wasŠ N*ž%- Šseconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.Š ś+J'/ ŠÓÓĢŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠAgenda€Item€1.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€revised€Title€9,Š ° Š€€Chapter€100€(Adoption€and€Guardianship€that€Terminates€ParentalŠ †Ö Š€€Rights)€(See€Appendix€1)Š \¬ Š_________________________________________________________________Š 2‚ ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąMs.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€told€the€Committee€that€the€Family€and€DomesticŠ “  ŠSubcommittee€had€been€directed€to€redraft€the€Rules€pertaining€toŠ ` ° Šadoption€and€guardianship.€€Instead€of€spelling€out€theŠ  \  Šprovisions€of€the€new€statute€as€the€Rules€had€been€previouslyŠ ø  Šdrafted,€the€Subcommittee€was€instructed€to€reference€theŠ d“  Šstatute.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌLipkinŌ_Ō,€one€of€the€consultants€to€the€Subcommittee,Š `  Šplayed€an€important€role€in€the€second€draft€of€the€Rules,€andŠ ¼  Šshe€revised€them€to€follow€the€directive€of€the€Committee.€€ThisŠ hø Šnecessitated€reworking€some€of€the€Rules.€€Whenever€the€statuteŠ d Šis€referenced,€Ms.€Ō_ŌLipkinŌ_Ō€has€noted€which€type€of€proceeding€toŠ Ą Šwhich€the€statute€refers.€€€Š l¼ Šą  ąMs.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€pointed€out€that€on€page€8,€there€is€a€minorŠ h Šcorrection.€€Subsections€(b)(1)(A)(iii)€and€(v)€have€beenŠ Ä Šdeleted.€€A€similar€change€needs€to€be€made€to€Rule€9„105.€€SheŠ pĄ  Šcommented€that€the€Committee€can€consider€the€changes€to€eachŠ !l" ŠRule.€€The€consent€forms€were€approved€at€the€April€RulesŠ Č"$ ŠCommittee€meeting.Š t$Ä& Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€the€consultants€did€an€excellent€jobŠ  &p!( Šdrafting€the€Rules€and€consent€forms.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌLipkinŌ_Ō€explained€thatŠ Ģ'#* Šsubsection€(b)(1),€beginning€on€page€8€of€the€Rules,€is€anŠ x)Č$, Šexample€of€the€changes€the€Rules€Committee€directed€theŠ $+t&. ŠSubcommittee€to€make€to€the€Rules.€€Instead€of€spelling€out€theŠ Š, (0 Švarious€times€for€revocation,€the€Rule€now€refers€to€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šappropriate€section€of€the€statute.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌMusgraveŌ_Ō,€a€lawyer€forŠ ° Šthe€private€adoption€agency,€Adoptions€Together,€remarked€thatŠ \¬ Šshe€is€very€satisfied€with€the€redrafting€of€the€Rules.€€She€hadŠ X Šhelped€draft€the€new€statute,€which€is€very€explicit,€and€sheŠ “  Šsaid€that€she€approved€of€the€new€Rules€referencing€the€statute.€Š ` ° ŠMr.€Greene€said€that€he€is€an€attorney€in€Annapolis€specializingŠ  \  Šin€adoptions.€€He€helped€draft€the€portion€of€the€statuteŠ ø  Špertaining€to€independent€adoptions.€€He€commented€that€the€newŠ d“  Šconsent€forms€are€a€very€good€addition,€and€he€commended€Ms.Š `  ŠŌ_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€and€Ms.€Ō_ŌLipkinŌ_Ō€for€their€contributions€to€the€new€Rules.Š ¼  Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌShipleyŌ_Ō€pointed€out€that€section€(b)€of€Rule€9„112,Š hø ŠCourt€Records,€refers€to€the€š šsealingšš€of€court€records.€€TheŠ d Šword€š šsealšš€means€that€the€clerk€puts€the€records€in€an€envelope.€Š Ą ŠThe€Rules€pertaining€to€court€access€use€the€word€š šshieldšš€toŠ l¼ Šmean€that€records€are€not€open€to€inspection.€€The€ChairŠ h Šsuggested€that€the€Style€Subcommittee€can€coordinate€Rule€9„112Š Ä Šwith€the€rules€pertaining€to€access€to€court€records,€so€thatŠ pĄ  Šthere€is€no€confusion€as€to€the€meaning€of€Rule€9„112.€€Š !l" Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€the€Adoption€Rules€are€approved,Š Č"$ Šsubject€to€being€styled,€and€he€thanked€the€consultants€for€theirŠ t$Ä& Šassistance.Š  &p!( ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€2.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€new€Appendix:Š ¢(ņ#+ Š€€Maryland€Guidelines€for€Practice€for€Court„Appointed€LawyersŠ x)Č$, Š€€Representing€Children€in€Cases€Involving€Child€Custody€or€ChildŠ N*ž%- Š€€Access;€and€New€Rule€9„205.1€(Appointment€of€Child€Counsel);Š $+t&. Š€€Amendments€to:€Rule€2„504€(Scheduling€Order);€Appendix:Š ś+J'/ Š€€Maryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€Professional€Conduct:€Preamble€andŠ Š, (0 ŠŠ  ¦-ö(1 Š€€Scope,€Rule€1.7,€Conflict€of€Interest:€General€Rule,€and€RuleŠ ° Š€€1.14,€Client€with€Diminished€CapacityŠ †Ö Š_________________________________________________________________Š \¬ ŠĢÓÓą  ąMs.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€presented€the€new€Appendix:€Maryland€GuidelinesŠ X Šfor€Practice€for€Court„Appointed€Lawyers€Representing€Children€inŠ “  ŠCases€Involving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access,€for€theŠ ` ° ŠCommitteeššs€consideration.Š  \  ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢą@  ģąAPPENDIX:€MARYLAND€GUIDELINES€OF€PRACTICE€ˆŠ :Š  ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąFOR€COURT„APPOINTED€LAWYERS€REPRESENTINGˆŠ ę6 ŠĢą@  ģąCHILDREN€IN€CASES€INVOLVING€CHILD€CUSTODY€ˆŠ ’ā ŠĢą@hh#ģąOR€CHILD€ACCESSˆŠ >Ž ŠĢĢą ø ąADD€new€Appendix:€Maryland€GuidelinesŠ Ą Šfor€Practice€for€Court„Appointed€LawyersŠ –ę ŠRepresenting€Children€in€Cases€InvolvingŠ l¼ ŠChild€Custody€or€Child€Access,€as€follows:Š B’ ŠĢĢą@Ų Ų ģąņ ņAPPENDIX:€€MARYLAND€GUIDELINES€FOR€PRACTICEˆŠ Ä Š€€FOR€COURT„APPOINTED€LAWYERS€REPRESENTINGŠ Øų Š€€CHILDREN€IN€CASES€INVOLVING€CHILD€CUSTODY€Š ŒÜ  Šą@hh#ģąOR€CHILD€ACCESSó óˆŠ p Ą! ŠĢĢņ ņINTRODUCTION€AND€SCOPEó óŠ #P$ ŠĢą ø ąThese€Guidelines€for€practice€areŠ ŗ$ & Šintended€to€promote€good€practice€andŠ %ą ' Šconsistency€in€the€appointment€andŠ f&¶!( Šperformance€of€lawyers€for€children€in€casesŠ <'Œ") Šinvolving€child€custody€and€child€accessŠ (b#* Šdecisions€in€Maryland€courts.€€However,Š č(8$+ Šfailure€to€follow€a€Guideline€does€not€itselfŠ ¾)%, Šgive€rise€to€a€cause€of€action€against€aŠ ”*ä%- Šlawyer€nor€does€it€create€any€presumption€inŠ j+ŗ&. Šsuch€a€case€that€a€legal€duty€has€beenŠ @,'/ Šbreached.€€These€Guidelines€apply€to€divorce,Š -f(0 Šcustody,€visitation,€domestic€violence,€andŠ ģ-<)1 Šother€civil€cases€where€the€court€may€beŠ ° Šcalled€upon€to€decide€child€custody€orŠ †Ö Švisitation€issues.€€Nothing€contained€in€theŠ \¬ ŠGuidelines€is€intended€to€modify,€amend,€orŠ 2‚ Šalter€the€fiduciary€duty€that€an€attorneyŠ X Šowes€to€a€client€pursuant€to€the€MarylandŠ Ž. ŠLawyersšš€Rules€of€Professional€Conduct.Š “  ŠĢą ø ąThese€Guidelines€do€not€apply€to€ChildŠ ` ° ŠIn€Need€of€Assistance€š šCINA,šš€Termination€ofŠ 6 †  ŠParental€Rights€š šŌ_ŌTPRŌ_Ō,šš€or€adoption€cases.€Š  \  ŠThe€appointment€and€performance€of€attorneysŠ ā 2  Šappointed€to€represent€children€in€thoseŠ ø  Šcases€is€addressed€by€the€Guidelines€ofŠ ŽŽ  ŠAdvocacy€for€Attorneys€Representing€ChildrenŠ d“  Šin€CINA€and€Related€Ō_ŌTPRŌ_Ō€and€AdoptionŠ :Š  ŠProceedings.Š `  ŠĢĢņ ņ1.€€DEFINITIONSó óŠ ’ā ŠĢą ø ąA€court€that€appoints€counsel€for€aŠ Lœ Šminor€child€in€a€case€involving€child€custodyŠ "r Šor€child€access€issues€should€clearlyŠ ųH Šindicate€in€the€appointment€order,€and€in€allŠ Ī Šcommunications€with€the€attorney,€theŠ ¤ō Šparties,€and€other€counsel,€the€role€expectedŠ zŹ Šof€child€counsel.€€The€terminology€and€rolesŠ P  Šused€should€be€in€accordance€with€theŠ &v Šdefinitions€in€Guidelines€1.1€„€1.3.Š üL ŠĢņ ņĢą ø ą1.1.€€BEST€INTEREST€ATTORNEYó óŠ ŒÜ  ŠĢą ø ąą  ąš šBest€Interest€Attorneyšš€means€aŠ F!–" Šlawyer€appointed€by€a€court€for€the€purposeŠ "l# Šof€protecting€a€childššs€best€interests,Š ņ"B$ Šwithout€being€bound€by€the€childššs€directivesŠ Č#% Šor€objectives.€€This€term€replaces€the€termŠ ž$ī& Šš šņņguardian€ad€litemóó.šš€€The€Best€InterestŠ t%Ä ' ŠAttorney€makes€an€independent€assessment€ofŠ P& !( Šwhat€is€in€the€childššs€best€interest€andŠ &'v") Šadvocates€for€that€before€the€court,€even€ifŠ ü'L#* Šit€requires€the€disclosure€of€confidentialŠ Ņ("$+ Šinformation.€€The€best€interest€attorneyŠ Ø)ų$, Šshould€ensure€that€the€childššs€position€isŠ ~*Ī%- Šmade€a€part€of€the€record€even€if€differentŠ T+¤&. Šfrom€the€position€that€the€attorney€advocate.Š *,z'/ ŠĢā āŠ Ö-&)1 Šņ ņą ø ą1.2.€€CHILD€ADVOCATE€ATTORNEYó óŠ ° Šā āĢą ø ąą  ąš šChild€Advocate€Attorneyšš€means€aŠ jŗ Šlawyer€appointed€by€a€court€to€provideŠ @ Šindependent€legal€counsel€for€a€child.€€ThisŠ f Šterm€replaces€the€less€specific€phrase,Š ģ< Šš šchildššs€attorney.šš€€A€Child€AdvocateŠ Ā  ŠAttorney€owes€the€child€the€same€duties€ofŠ ˜ č Šundivided€loyalty,€confidentiality,€andŠ n ¾ Šcompetent€representation€as€are€due€an€adultŠ D ”  Šclient.€€A€Child€Advocate€Attorney€should€beŠ  j  Šappointed€when€the€child€is€need€of€a€voiceŠ š @  Šin€court,€such€as€in€relocation€cases,€whenŠ Ę  Šthere€are€allegations€of€child€abuse,€orŠ œģ  Šwhere€the€child€is€sufficiently€mature€andŠ rĀ  Šsees€his€or€her€interests€as€distinct€fromŠ H˜  Šthe€interests€of€the€childššs€parents.Š n  ŠĢĢņ ņą ø ą1.3.€€CHILDššS€PRIVILEGE€ATTORNEYó óŠ  š ŠĢą ø ąą  ąš šChildššs€Privilege€Attorneyšš€meansŠ ZŖ Ša€lawyer€appointed€by€a€court€in€a€caseŠ 0€ Šinvolving€child€custody€or€child€access€toŠ V Šdecide€whether€to€assert€or€waive,€on€behalfŠ Ü, Šof€a€minor€child,€any€privilege.€€This€termŠ ² Šreplaces€the€term€š šņņNagle€v.€Hooksóó€Attorney.šš€Š ˆŲ Šņņ(Nagle€v.€Hooksóó,€296€Md.€123€(1983)).€€TheŠ d“ Šcourt€may€combine€the€roles€of€ChildššsŠ @ ŠPrivilege€Attorney€with€either€of€the€otherŠ f Štwo€roles.Š ģ< ŠĢĢņ ņ2.€€RESPONSIBILITIESó óŠ n ¾! ŠĢą ø ąņ ņ2.1.€€DETERMINING€CONSIDERED€JUDGMENTó óŠ ("x# ŠĢą ø ąą  ąThe€attorney€should€determineŠ ā#2% Šwhether€the€child€has€considered€judgment.€Š ø$ & ŠTo€determine€whether€the€child€has€consideredŠ Ž%Ž ' Šjudgment,€the€attorney€should€focus€on€theŠ d&“!( Šchildššs€decision„making€process,€rather€thanŠ :'Š") Šthe€childššs€decision.€€The€attorney€shouldŠ (`#* Šdetermine€whether€the€child€can€understandŠ ę(6$+ ŠtheŠ ¼) %, Šrisks€and€benefits€of€the€childššs€legalŠ ’*ā%- Šposition€and€whether€the€child€can€reasonablyŠ h+ø&. Šcommunicate€the€childššs€wishes.€€The€attorneyŠ >,Ž'/ Šshould€consider€the€following€factors€whenŠ -d(0 Šdetermining€whether€the€child€has€consideredŠ ź-:)1 Šjudgment:Š ° ŠĢą ø ą€€€€(1)€the€childššs€developmental€stage:Š \¬ ŠĢą ø ąą  ą€€€(a)€cognitive€ability,Š X Šą ø ąą  ą€€€(b)€socialization,€andŠ Ž. Šą ø ąą  ą€€€(c)€emotional€and€mentalŠ “  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€development;Š Š Ś ŠĢą ø ą€€€€(2)€the€childššs€expression€of€aŠ 6 †  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€relevant€position:Š  \  ŠĢą ø ąą  ą€€€(a)€ability€to€communicate€withŠ ø  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€the€attorney,€andŠ ŽŽ  Šą ø ąą  ą€€€(b)€ability€to€articulateŠ d“  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€reasons€for€the€legalŠ :Š  Šą ø ąą  ąą h ą€€position;€andŠ `  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€(3)€relevant€and€available€reports,Š ¼  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€such€as€reports€from€socialŠ ’ā Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€workers,€psychiatrists,Š hø Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€psychologists,€and€schools.Š >Ž ŠĢą ø ąA€child€may€be€capable€of€consideredŠ ź: Šjudgment€even€though€the€child€has€aŠ Ą Šsignificant€cognitive€or€emotionalŠ –ę Šdisability.Š l¼ ŠĢą ø ąIn€determining€considered€judgment,€theŠ h Šattorney€may€seek€guidance€fromŠ ī> Šprofessionals,€family€members,€schoolŠ Ä Šofficials,€and€other€concerned€persons.€€TheŠ šź Šattorney€also€should€determine€whether€anyŠ pĄ  Ševaluations€are€needed€and€request€them€whenŠ F –! Šappropriate.Š !l" ŠĢą ø ąAn€attorney€should€be€sensitive€toŠ Č"$ Šcultural,€racial,€ethnic,€or€economicŠ ž#ī% Šdifferences€between€the€attorney€and€theŠ t$Ä& Šchild.Ō‡XsŅXX X.žŌŠ J%š ' ŠŌ#† X.žXXXsŅO#ŌĢĢņ ņą ø ą2.2.€€BEST€INTEREST€ATTORNEYó óŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢą ø ąą  ąA€Best€Interest€Attorney€advances€aŠ †)Ö$, Šposition€that€the€attorney€believes€is€in€theŠ \*¬%- Šchildššs€best€interest.€€Even€if€the€attorneyŠ 2+‚&. Šadvocates€a€position€different€from€theŠ ,X'/ Šchildššs€wishes,€the€attorney€should€ensureŠ Ž,.(0 Šthat€the€childššs€position€is€made€a€part€ofŠ “-)1 Šthe€record.€€A€Best€Interest€Attorney€mayŠ Š.Ś)2 Šperform€the€following€duties€in€exercisingŠ ° Šthe€attorneyššs€obligation€to€the€client€andŠ †Ö Šthe€court,€as€appropriate:Š \¬ ŠĢą ø ą(a)€€Meet€with€and€interview€the€child,€€Š X Š€€€€€€€€€€and€advise€the€childŠ Ž. Š€€€€€€€€€€of€the€scope€of€the€representation.Š “  ŠĢą ø ą(b)€€Investigate€the€relative€abilitiesŠ ` ° Š€€€€€€€€€€of€the€parties€in€their€roles€asŠ 6 †  Š€€€€€€€€€€parents€or€custodians.Š  \  ŠĢą ø ą(c)€€Visit€the€child€in€each€home.Š ø  ŠĢą ø ą(d)€€Conduct€individual€interviews€withŠ d“  Š€€€€€€€€€€parents,€other€parties,€andŠ :Š  Š€€€€€€€€€€collateral€witnesses.Š `  ŠĢą ø ą(e)€€Observe€the€childššs€interactionsŠ ¼  Š€€€€€€€€€€with€each€parent€and€each€otherŠ ’ā Š€€€€€€€€€€party,€individually.Š hø ŠĢą ø ą(f)€€Review€educational,€medical,Š d Š€€€€€€€€€€dental,€psychiatric,€psychological,Š ź: Š€€€€€€€€€€or€other€records.Š Ą ŠĢą ø ą(g)€€Interview€school€personnel,Š l¼ Š€€€€€€€€€€childcare€providers,€healthcareŠ B’ Š€€€€€€€€€€providers,€and€mental€healthŠ h Š€€€€€€€€€€professionals€involved€with€theŠ ī> Š€€€€€€€€€€child€or€family.Š Ä ŠĢĢą ø ą(h)€€File€and€respond€to€pleadings€andŠ F –! Š€€€€€€€€€€motions.Š !l" ŠĢą ø ą(Ō_ŌiŌ_Ō)€€Participate€in€discovery.Š Č"$ ŠĢą ø ą(j)€€Participate€in€settlementŠ t$Ä& Š€€€€€€€€€€negotiations.Š J%š ' ŠĢą ø ą(k)€€Participate€in€the€trial,€includingŠ ö&F") Š€€€€€€€€€€calling€witnesses€and€presentingŠ Ģ'#* Š€€€€€€€€€€evidence€and€argument,€asŠ ¢(ņ#+ Š€€€€€€€€€€appropriate.Š x)Č$, ŠĢą ø ą(l)€€If€the€child€is€to€meet€with€theŠ $+t&. Š€€€€€€€€€€judge€or€testify,€prepare€theŠ ś+J'/ Š€€€€€€€€€€child,€familiarizing€the€child€withŠ Š, (0 Š€€€€€€€€€€the€places,€people,€procedures,€andŠ ¦-ö(1 Š€€€€€€€€€€questioning€that€the€child€will€beŠ |.Ģ)2 Š€€€€€€€€€€exposed€to;€and€seek€to€minimizeŠ ° Š€€€€€€€€€€any€harm€to€the€child€from€theŠ †Ö Š€€€€€€€€€€process.Š \¬ ŠĢą ø ą(m)€€When€the€representation€ends,€theŠ X Š€€€€€€€€€€lawyer€should€inform€the€child€in€aŠ Ž. Š€€€€€€€€€€developmentally€appropriate€manner.Š “  ŠĢą ø ąA€Best€Interest€Attorney€shall€notŠ ` ° Štestify€at€trial.Š 6 †  ŠĢĢą ø ąņ ņ2.3.€€CHILD€ADVOCATE€ATTORNEYó óŠ ø  ŠĢą ø ąą  ąIf€the€Child€Advocate€AttorneyŠ rĀ  Šdetermines€that€the€child€has€consideredŠ H˜  Šjudgment,€the€attorney€advances€the€childššsŠ n  Šwishes€and€desires€in€the€pending€matter.€€IfŠ ōD Šthe€Child€Advocate€Attorney€determines€thatŠ Ź Šthe€child€does€not€have€considered€judgment,Š  š Šthe€Child€Advocate€Attorney€should€petitionŠ vĘ Šthe€court€to€(1)€alter€the€attorneyššs€role€toŠ Lœ Špermit€the€attorney€to€serve€as€a€BestŠ "r ŠInterest€Attorney€or€(2)€appoint€a€separateŠ ųH ŠBest€Interest€Attorney.€€A€Child€AdvocateŠ Ī ŠAttorney€may€perform€the€following€duties€inŠ ¤ō Šexercising€the€attorneyššs€obligation€to€theŠ zŹ Šchild€and€the€court,€as€appropriate:Š P  ŠĢą ø ą(a)€€Meet€with€and€interview€the€child,Š üL Šand€advise€the€child€of€the€scope€of€theŠ Ņ" Šrepresentation.Š Øų ŠĢą ø ą(b)€€Investigate€the€relative€abilitiesŠ T ¤! Šof€the€parties€in€their€role€as€parents€orŠ *!z" Šcustodians.Š "P# ŠĢą ø ą(c)€€Visit€the€child€in€each€home.Š ¬#ü% ŠĢą ø ą(d)€€Conduct€individual€interviews€withŠ X%Ø ' Šparents,€other€parties,€and€collateralŠ .&~!( Šwitnesses.Š 'T") ŠĢą ø ą(e)€€Observe€the€childššs€interactionsŠ °($+ Šwith€each€parent€and€each€other€party,Š †)Ö$, Šindividually.Š \*¬%- ŠĢą ø ą(f)€€Review€educational,€medical,Š ,X'/ Šdental,€psychiatric,€psychological,€or€otherŠ Ž,.(0 Šrecords.Š “-)1 ŠŠ Š.Ś)2 Šą ø ą(g)€€Interview€school€personnel,Š ° Šchildcare€providers,€healthcare€providers,Š †Ö Šand€mental€health€professionals€involved€withŠ \¬ Šthe€child€or€family.Š 2‚ ŠĢą ø ą(h)€€File€and€respond€to€pleadings€andŠ Ž. Šmotions.Š “  ŠĢą ø ą(Ō_ŌiŌ_Ō)€€Participate€in€discovery.Š ` ° ŠĢą ø ą(j)€€Participate€in€settlementŠ  \  Šnegotiations.Š ā 2  ŠĢą ø ą(k)€€Participate€in€the€trial,€includingŠ ŽŽ  Šcalling€witnesses€and€presenting€evidence€andŠ d“  Šargument,€as€appropriate.Š :Š  ŠĢą ø ą(l)€€If€the€child€is€to€meet€with€theŠ ę6 Šjudge€or€testify,€prepare€the€child,Š ¼  Šfamiliarizing€the€child€with€the€places,Š ’ā Špeople,€procedures,€and€questioning€that€theŠ hø Šchild€will€be€exposed€to;€and€seek€toŠ >Ž Šminimize€any€harm€to€the€child€from€theŠ d Šprocess.Š ź: ŠĢą ø ą(m)€€When€the€representation€ends,€theŠ –ę Šlawyer€should€inform€the€child€in€aŠ l¼ Šdevelopmentally€appropriate€manner.Š B’ ŠĢą ø ąA€Child€Advocate€Attorney€shall€notŠ ī> Štestify€at€trial.Š Ä ŠĢĢņ ņą ø ą2.4.€€CHILDššS€PRIVILEGE€ATTORNEYó óŠ F –! ŠĢą ø ąą  ąA€Childššs€Privilege€AttorneyŠ "P# Šnotifies€the€court€and€the€parties€of€theŠ Ö"&$ Šattorneyššs€decision€to€waive€or€assert€theŠ ¬#ü% Šchildššs€privilege€by€(1)€filing€a€š šlinešš€orŠ ‚$Ņ& Šother€document€prior€to€the€hearing€or€trialŠ X%Ø ' Šat€which€the€privilege€is€to€be€asserted€orŠ .&~!( Šwaived€or€(2)€placing€the€waiver€or€assertionŠ 'T") Šof€privilege€on€the€record€at€a€pretrialŠ Ś'*#* Šproceeding€or€the€trial.Š °($+ ŠĢą ø ąą  ąA€Childššs€Privilege€Attorney€mayŠ \*¬%- Šperform€the€following€duties€in€exercisingŠ 2+‚&. Šthe€attorneyššs€obligation€to€the€child€andŠ ,X'/ Šthe€court,€as€appropriate:Š Ž,.(0 ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(a)€Meet€with€and€interview€theŠ Š.Ś)2 Šchild,€and€advise€the€child€of€the€scope€ofŠ ° Šthe€representation.Š †Ö ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(b)€Interview€any€witnessesŠ 2‚ Šnecessary€to€assist€the€attorney€inŠ X Šdetermining€whether€to€assert€or€waive€theŠ Ž. Šprivilege.Š “  ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(c)€Review€educational,€medical,Š ` ° Šdental,€psychiatric,€psychological,€or€otherŠ 6 †  Šrecords.Š  \  ŠĢĢņ ņ3.€€CONFLICTS€OF€INTERESTó óŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢą ø ąAn€attorney€who€has€been€appointed€toŠ H˜  Šrepresent€two€or€more€children€should€remainŠ n  Šalert€to€the€possibility€of€a€conflict€thatŠ ōD Šcould€require€the€attorney€to€declineŠ Ź Šrepresentation€or€withdraw€from€representingŠ  š Šall€of€the€children.Š vĘ ŠĢą ø ąIf€a€conflict€of€interest€develops,€theŠ "r Šattorney€should€bring€the€conflict€to€theŠ ųH Šattention€of€the€court€as€soon€as€possible,Š Ī Šin€a€manner€that€does€not€compromise€eitherŠ ¤ō Šclientššs€interests.Š zŹ ŠĢĢņ ņ4.€€TRAINING€AND€CONTINUING€EDUCATIONó óŠ üL ŠĢą ø ąAn€attorney€appointed€as€a€Best€InterestŠ ¶ ŠAttorney,€Child€Advocate€Attorney,€or€ChildššsŠ ŒÜ  ŠPrivilege€Attorney€should€have€completed€atŠ b ²! Šleast€six€hours€of€training€that€includes€theŠ 8!ˆ" Šfollowing€topics:Š "^# ŠĢą ø ą(a)€€Applicable€representationŠ ŗ# % Šguidelines€and€standards;Š $ą& ŠĢą ø ą(b)€€Childrenššs€development,€needs,€andŠ <&Œ!( Šabilities€at€different€stages;Š 'b") ŠĢą ø ą(c)€€Effectively€communicating€withŠ ¾($+ Šchildren;Š ”)ä$, ŠĢą ø ą(d)€€Preparing€and€presenting€a€childššsŠ @+&. Šviewpoint,€including€child€testimony€andŠ ,f'/ Šalternatives€to€direct€testimony;Š ģ,<(0 ŠĢą ø ą(e)€€Recognizing,€evaluating,€andŠ ˜.č)2 Šunderstanding€evidence€of€child€abuse€andŠ ° Šneglect;Š †Ö ŠĢą ø ą(f)€€Family€dynamics€and€dysfunction,Š 2‚ Šdomestic€violence,€and€substance€abuse;Š X ŠĢą ø ą(g)€€Recognizing€the€limitations€ofŠ “  Šattorney€expertise€and€the€need€for€otherŠ Š Ś Šprofessional€expertise.€€The€course€mayŠ ` ° Šinclude€professionals€who€can€provideŠ 6 †  Šinformation€on€evaluation,€consultation,€andŠ  \  Štestimony€on€mental€health,€substance€abuse,Š ā 2  Šeducation,€special€needs,€or€other€issues;Š ø  ŠĢą ø ą(h)€€Available€resources€for€childrenŠ d“  Šand€families€in€child€custody€and€childŠ :Š  Šaccess€disputes.Š `  ŠĢą ø ąEach€court€should€require€attorneysŠ ¼  Šseeking€appointments€as€child€counsel€toŠ ’ā Šmaintain€knowledge€of€current€law€andŠ hø Šcomplete€a€specific€amount€of€additionalŠ >Ž Štraining€over€a€defined€interval.Š d ŠĢĢņ ņ5.€€QUALIFICATIONSó óŠ –ę ŠĢą ø ąAn€attorney€appointed€to€serve€as€a€BestŠ P  ŠInterest€Attorney,€Child€Advocate€Attorney,Š &v Šor€Childššs€Privilege€Attorney€should,€as€aŠ üL Šminimum:Š Ņ" ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(a)€be€a€member€of€the€Maryland€BarŠ ~Ī  Šin€good€standing,€with€experience€in€familyŠ T ¤! Šlaw,€or€have€been€approved€to€representŠ *!z" Šchildren€through€a€ņņpro€bonoóó€program€approvedŠ "P# Šby€the€bench;€andŠ Ü",$ ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(b)€have€successfully€completed€theŠ ˆ$Ų& Šsix€hours€of€training€specified€in€GuidelineŠ ^%® ' Š4,€unless€waived€by€the€court.Š 4&„!( ŠĢą ø ąIn€addition,€courts€should€seek€toŠ ą'0#* Šappoint€attorneys€who:Š ¶($+ ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(a)€are€willing€to€take€at€leastŠ b*²%- Šone€ņņpro€bonoóó€appointment€as€child€counsel€perŠ 8+ˆ&. Šyear,€andŠ ,d'/ Šą ø ąą  ąĢą ø ąą  ą(b)€have€at€least€three€years€ofŠ Ą-)1 Šfamily€law€experience€or€other€relevantŠ –.ę)2 Šexperience.€€In€evaluating€relevantŠ ° Šexperience,€the€appointing€court€may€considerŠ †Ö Šthe€attorneyššs€experience€in€social€work,Š \¬ Šeducation,€child€development,€mental€health,€Š 2‚ Šhealthcare,€or€other€related€fields.Š X ŠĢĢņ ņ6.€€COMPENSATIONó óŠ Š Ś ŠĢĢą ø ąņ ņ6.1.€€COMPENSATION€STRUCTUREó óŠ  j  ŠĢą ø ąą  ąEach€court€should€develop€aŠ Ō$  Šcompensation€structure€for€the€three€roles€ofŠ Ŗś  Šchild€counsel:€Best€Interest€Attorneys,€ChildŠ €Š  ŠAdvocate€Attorneys,€and€Childššs€PrivilegeŠ V¦  ŠAttorneys.Š ,|  ŠĢĢą ø ąņ ņ6.2.€€COMPENSATION€MECHANISMó óą0 Č ąŠ®žČxČx ŠĢą ø ąą  ąEach€court€should€take€steps€toŠ hø Šensure€that€child€counsel€are€compensatedŠ >Ž Šadequately€and€in€a€timely€fashion,€unlessŠ d Šthe€attorney€has€been€asked€to€serve€ņņpro€bonoŠ ź: ŠŌ_ŌpublicoŌ_Ō.óó€€Courts€may€use€the€followingŠ Ę Šmechanisms€to€ensure€attorney€compensation:Š ¢ņ ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(a)€€Require€one€or€more€of€theŠ Nž Šparties€to€deposit€a€significant€retainerŠ $t Šamount€or€a€fixed€fee€determined€by€the€courtŠ śJ Šinto€an€attorney€escrow€account€or€theŠ Š  Šcourtššs€registry.Š ¦ö  ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(b)€€If€a€party€qualifies€for€a€feeŠ R!¢" Šwaiver,€compensate€child€counsel€out€ofŠ ("x# Šavailable€funds.€€See€Guideline€6.3.Š ž"N$ ŠĢą ø ąą  ą(c)€€Enter€a€judgment€for€anyŠ Ŗ$ś& Šunpaid€fees.Š €%Š ' ŠĢĢą ø ąņ ņ6.3.€€FEE€WAIVERSó óŠ (R#* ŠĢą ø ąą  ąEach€court€should€prepare€itsŠ ¼) %, Šbudget€to€ensure€that€it€has€sufficient€fundsŠ ’*ā%- Što€cover€the€costs€of€child€counsel€fees€whenŠ h+ø&. Šthe€parties€are€not€able€to€pay€the€fullŠ >,Ž'/ Šcost,€or€the€court€should€develop€a€ņņpro€bonoŠ -d(0 ŠŌ_ŌpublicoŌ_Ōóó€component€to€its€child€counselŠ š-@)1 Šprogram.Š ° ŠĢą ø ąą  ąEach€court€should€apply€the€sameŠ \¬ Šfee€waiver€procedure,€forms,€and€standard€forŠ 2‚ Šthe€appointment€of€child€counsel€that€is€setŠ X Šforth€in€the€ņņGuidelines€for€Grant€RecipientsóóŠ Ž. Šfor€all€family€services€funded€by€the€FamilyŠ ŗ  ŠDivision/Family€Services€Program€Grants.€€IfŠ  ą Ša€fee€waiver€is€granted,€the€court€shouldŠ f ¶ Šapply€a€cap€on€compensation€that€isŠ < Œ  Šappropriate€to€the€role€for€which€childŠ  b  Šcounsel€is€appointed.Š č 8  ŠĢņ ņó óĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąThe€Maryland€Guidelines€of€Practice€for€Court„AppointedŠ jŗ  ŠĢLawyers€Representing€Children€in€Cases€Involving€Child€Custody€orŠ f  ŠĢChild€or€Child€Access€was€accompanied€by€the€following€ReporterššsŠ Ā ŠĢNote.Š n¾ ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€Attorneys€Subcommittee€recommendsŠ j Šthat€Guidelines€of€Practice€for€Court„Š š@ ŠAppointed€Lawyers€Representing€Children€inŠ Ę ŠCases€Involving€Child€Custody€or€Child€AccessŠ œģ Šbe€added€as€an€Appendix€to€the€MarylandŠ rĀ ŠRules,€in€a€manner€similar€to€the€addition€ofŠ H˜ ŠAppendix:€Guidelines€of€Advocacy€forŠ n ŠAttorneys€Representing€Children€in€CINA€andŠ ōD ŠRelated€Ō_ŌTPRŌ_Ō€and€Adoption€Proceedings€(theŠ Ź Šš šCINA€Guidelinesšš).Š  š ŠĢą ø ąThe€proposed€new€Guidelines€for€childŠ L œ! Šcounsel€in€custody€and€child€access€cases€areŠ "!r" Šbased€upon€the€Maryland€Standards€of€PracticeŠ ų!H# Šfor€Court„Appointed€Lawyers€RepresentingŠ Ī"$ ŠChildren€in€Custody€Cases€that€were€approvedŠ ¤#ō% Šand€adopted€by€the€Conference€of€CircuitŠ z$Ź& ŠJudges€at€its€September€19,€2005€meeting.Š P%  ' ŠĢą ø ąAs€with€the€CINA€Guidelines,€theŠ ü&L") ŠSubcommittee€has€substituted€the€wordŠ Ņ'"#* Šš šGuidelinešš€for€š šStandardšš€wherever€itŠ Ø(ų#+ Šappeared€in€the€original€document.€€AlthoughŠ ~)Ī$, Šneither€set€of€Guidelines€is€part€of€theŠ T*¤%- ŠMaryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€ProfessionalŠ *+z&. ŠConduct,€both€are€referenced€in€Comment€1€toŠ ,P'/ ŠRule€1.14€(Client€with€Diminished€Capacity)Š Ö,&(0 Šof€those€Rules.Š ¬-ü(1 ŠŠ ‚.Ņ)2 Šą ø ąIn€the€š šIntroduction€and€Scopešš€sectionŠ ° Šof€the€proposed€new€Guidelines,€the€secondŠ †Ö Šand€fourth€sentences€of€the€first€paragraphŠ \¬ Šhave€been€added€by€the€Subcommittee.€€TheŠ 2‚ Šsecond€sentence€is€derived€from€the€firstŠ X Šsentence€of€paragraph€20€of€the€Preamble€andŠ Ž. ŠScope€portion€of€the€Maryland€Lawyersšš€RulesŠ “  Šof€Professional€Conduct.€€The€fourth€sentenceŠ Š Ś Šis€borrowed€ņņverbatimóó€from€the€penultimateŠ ` ° Šsentence€of€the€š šStatement€of€the€IssueššŠ < Œ  Športion€of€the€CINA€Guidelines.Š  b  ŠĢą ø ąIn€paragraph€2.1,€Determining€ConsideredŠ ¾  ŠJudgment,€the€list€of€factors€that€theŠ ”ä  Šattorney€should€consider€is€borrowed€ņņverbatimóóŠ jŗ  Šfrom€CINA€Guidelines€B1€a€and€b.Š F–  ŠĢą ø ąIn€Paragraph€3,€a€statement€concerningŠ ņB Šconflicts€of€interest€for€Best€InterestŠ Č ŠAttorneys€appointed€to€represent€siblings€hasŠ žī Šbeen€transferred€to€the€Commentary€followingŠ tÄ ŠRule€7.1€of€the€Maryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€ofŠ Jš ŠProfessional€Conduct.Š  p ŠĢą ø ąAlthough€the€word€š šshouldšš€is€usedŠ Ģ Šthroughout€the€Guidelines,€the€SubcommitteeŠ ¢ņ Šrecommends€the€use€of€the€words€š šshall€notššŠ xČ Šwith€respect€to€the€issue€of€whether€a€BestŠ Nž ŠInterest€Attorney€or€Child€Advocate€AttorneyŠ $t Šmay€testify€at€trial.Š śJ ŠĢą ø ąProvisions€concerning€the€appointment€ofŠ ¦ö Šchild€counsel€have€been€transferred€to€aŠ |Ģ  Šseparate€Rule,€proposed€new€Rule€9„205.1.Š R ¢! ŠBecause€the€child€who€is€the€subject€of€aŠ (!x" Šchild€custody€or€child€access€dispute€is€notŠ ž!N# Ša€party€to€the€action,€additional€provisionsŠ Ō"$$ Šin€Rule€9„205.1€implement€the€service,Š Ŗ#ś% Šnotice,€and€discovery€portions€of€theŠ €$Š& ŠGuidelines.€€Specifically,€the€proposed€newŠ V%¦ ' ŠRule€requires€that€an€order€appointing€childŠ ,&|!( Šcounsel€specify€the€role€of€the€attorney,Š 'R") Špermit€the€attorney€to€participate€inŠ Ų'(#* Šdiscovery,€and€provide€that€the€service€andŠ ®(ž#+ Šnotice€provisions€of€Title€1€apply€as€thoughŠ „)Ō$, Šthe€child€were€a€party.€€Rule€2„504€isŠ Z*Ŗ%- Šproposed€to€be€amended€to€permit€a€schedulingŠ 0+€&. Šorder€to€include€appointment€of€child€counselŠ ,V'/ Šin€accordance€with€proposed€new€Rule€9„205.1.Š Ü,,(0 ŠĢŠ ˆ.Ų)2 ŠŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMs.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€said€that€the€Maryland€Guidelines€for€PracticeŠ ° Šfor€Court„Appointed€Lawyers€Representing€Children€in€CasesŠ \¬ ŠInvolving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access€had€been€previouslyŠ X Šbefore€the€Committee€in€March.€€In€the€š šDefinitionsšš€section,Š “  Šthere€are€changes€in€terminology€for€counsel€of€children.€€TheŠ ` ° Šš šbest€interestšš€attorney€represents€the€best€interest€of€theŠ  \  Šchild,€similar€to€a€guardian€ad€litem€but€does€not€necessarilyŠ ø  Šhave€to€agree€with€the€child.€€The€š šchild€advocate€attorneyšš€isŠ d“  Šthe€voice€of€the€child€in€court,€expressing€the€childššsŠ `  Špreferences.€€The€š šchildššs€privilege€attorneyšš€as€defined€inŠ ¼  ŠņņNagle€v.€Hooksóó,€296€Md.€123€(1983)€is€appointed€to€waiveŠ hø Šprivileges€on€behalf€of€the€child.€€The€understanding€is€thatŠ  p Šfollowing€the€Guidelines€would€not€result€in€a€malpracticeŠ Ģ Šsituation.€€Since€changes€to€the€Guidelines€were€made€at€the€lastŠ xČ ŠCommittee€meeting,€they€need€to€be€looked€at€again.Š $t Šą  ąMs.€King€stated€that€her€organization,€Justice€For€Children,Š Š  Šadvocates€for€children€who€š šfall€between€the€cracks.šš€€She€saidŠ |Ģ  Šthat€she€is€attending€todayššs€meeting€on€behalf€of€Gregory€Jacob,Š (!x" ŠEsq.,€an€attorney€who€argued€the€case€of€ņņFox€v.€Willsóó,€390€Md.Š Ō"$$ Š620€(2006).€€The€Guidelines€address€many€problems€in€the€area€ofŠ Œ$Ü& Šchild€advocacy,€but€some€other€issues€need€to€be€consideredŠ 8&ˆ!( Šbefore€the€Guidelines€are€adopted.€€The€Guidelines€do€not€takeŠ ä'4#* Šinto€account€the€activities€of€the€National€Conference€ofŠ )ą$, ŠCommissioners€of€Uniform€State€Laws€(š šŌ_ŌNCCUSLŌ_Ōšš),€which€will€meetŠ <+Œ&. Šthis€summer€to€develop€comprehensive€model€legislation€dealingŠ č,8(0 Šwith€the€issues€of€child€representation.€€Š ”.ä)2 Šą  ąMs.€King€told€the€Committee€that€she€had€submitted€a€three„Š ° Špage€memorandum€regarding€the€Guidelines,€a€copy€of€which€wasŠ \¬ Šdistributed€at€the€meeting€today.€€See€Appendix€2.€€She€hadŠ X Špointed€out€the€problem€that€the€Guidelines€do€not€contain€aŠ “  Šstatement€of€the€ethical€duties€of€š šbest€interestšš€attorneys,€butŠ ` ° Šthere€is€a€statement€for€š šchild€advocatešš€attorneys.€€This€mayŠ  \  Šimply€that€š šbest€interestšš€attorneys€do€not€owe€duties€of€loyaltyŠ ø  Šor€competent€representation€to€their€clients.€€There€are€otherŠ d“  Šproblems€with€the€Guidelines.€€One€is€that€they€provide€that€theŠ `  Šduties€listed€in€Sections€2.2€and€2.3€š šmayšš€be€performed€byŠ ¼  Šcourt„appointed€attorneys€for€children.€€It€is€better€to€stateŠ hø Šthat€attorneys€š šshouldšš€perform€the€listed€duties.€€Section€2.4Š d Šstates€that€a€š šchildššs€privilegešš€attorney€decides€whether€toŠ Ą Šwaive€or€assert€the€childššs€privilege€but€does€not€provideŠ l¼ Šattorneys€with€guidance€on€how€to€make€such€determinations.€€Ms.Š h ŠKing€suggested€that€the€training€and€qualifications€of€attorneysŠ Ä Šwho€represent€children€should€be€strengthened.€€She€expressed€theŠ pĄ  Šview€that€she€liked€the€direction€in€which€the€Guidelines€areŠ !l" Šheaded€and€that€they€are€a€tremendous€improvement€and€willŠ Č"$ Šdramatically€increase€the€well„being€of€children.€€She€thankedŠ t$Ä& Šthe€members€of€the€Committee€for€the€opportunity€to€speak€toŠ  &p!( Šthem.€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€commented€that€the€annual€meeting€of€the€Ō_ŌNCCUSLŌ_ŌŠ x)Č$, Šwill€be€held€in€South€Carolina€on€July€7,€2006.€€He€plans€toŠ $+t&. Šattend€the€meeting.€€The€first€agenda€item€will€be€modelŠ Š, (0 Šlegislation€to€deal€with€issues€of€child€representation.€€HeŠ |.Ģ)2 Šasked€the€Rules€Committee€if€it€should€take€action€on€theŠ ° ŠGuidelines€today€or€wait€to€compare€them€with€the€modelŠ \¬ Šlegislation.€€The€uniform€laws€passed€in€July€will€be€availableŠ X Šby€the€September€Rules€Committee€meeting.€€Š “  Šą  ąMs.€Ortiz€noted€that€the€Guidelines€bring€together€theŠ ` ° ŠAmerican€Bar€Association€(ABA)€standards€for€representingŠ  \  Šchildren€as€well€as€the€standards€for€child€welfare€and€childŠ ø  Šcustody€cases.€€The€Child€Custody€Subcommittee€began€the€work€onŠ d“  Šthe€Guidelines€by€looking€at€the€ABA€standards.€€There€are€ChildŠ `  Šin€Need€of€Assistance€(CINA)€„€Termination€of€Parental€RightsŠ ¼  Š(Ō_ŌTPRŌ_Ō)€Guidelines€in€place€already.€€It€would€be€helpful€to€adoptŠ hø Šthe€child€custody€representation€guidelines€immediately.€€Mr.Š d ŠŌ_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€added€that€the€Guidelines€could€be€amended€later€toŠ Ą Šconform€to€the€Uniform€Laws.€€Š l¼ Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€the€Rules€Committee€can€either€wait€orŠ h Šexamine€the€Guidelines€in€order€to€approve€them€now€and€take€aŠ Ä Šlater€look€for€any€necessary€changes.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€expressed€hisŠ pĄ  Špreference€for€the€latter€approach.€€Delegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_Ō€told€theŠ !l" ŠCommittee€that€she€represents€Montgomery€County€in€the€House€ofŠ Č"$ ŠDelegates€and€is€a€family€law€lawyer.€€She€expressed€herŠ t$Ä& Šappreciation€that€Ms.€King€had€attended€todayššs€meeting.€€SheŠ  &p!( Šagreed€with€Mr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€that€the€Guidelines€should€be€adopted€asŠ Ģ'#* Šsoon€as€possible.€€In€response€to€Ms.€Kingššs€comment€that€thereŠ x)Č$, Šare€no€ethical€duties€provided€for€š šbest€interestšš€attorneys,€sheŠ $+t&. Šreferred€to€House€Bill€700€signed€by€the€Governor€which€providesŠ Š, (0 Šthat€š šbest€interestšš€attorneys€and€š šchild€advocatešš€attorneys€oweŠ |.Ģ)2 Ša€duty€of€š šordinary€care€and€diligencešš€in€the€representation€ofŠ ° Štheir€clients.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€language€could€be€addedŠ \¬ Što€the€Guidelines€referencing€House€Bill€700€and€providing€thatŠ X Što€the€extent€there€is€any€inconsistency€with€the€Guidelines,€theŠ “  Šlegislation€is€controlling.€€Š ` ° Šą  ąDelegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_Ō€referred€to€Ms.€Kingššs€statement€in€herŠ  \  Šmemorandum€that€the€bar€on€attorney€testimony€must€be€clarified.€€Š ø  ŠDelegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_Ō€said€that€she€had€spoken€about€this€issue€withŠ d“  ŠJudge€Ō_ŌSundtŌ_Ō,€who€is€present€at€the€meeting€today.€€DelegateŠ `  ŠŌ_ŌDumaisŌ_Ō€noted€her€agreement€with€the€prohibition€against€a€š šchildŠ ¼  Šadvocate€attorneyšš€or€š šbest€interestšš€attorney€testifying.€€SheŠ hø Šadded€that€the€Guidelines€also€should€prohibit€an€attorney€inŠ d Šeither€of€these€categories€from€filing€a€report€with€the€court.€Š Ą ŠMs.€Ortiz€remarked€that€the€Family€Division€of€the€AdministrativeŠ l¼ ŠOffice€of€the€Courts€(Ō_ŌAOCŌ_Ō)€and€the€courts€are€awaiting€theŠ h ŠGuidelines€for€training€attorneys€and€improving€child€attorneyŠ Ä Španels.€€House€Bill€700€uses€the€new€term€š šbest€interestššŠ pĄ  Šattorney€but€does€not€define€or€clarify€the€role.€€She€said€thatŠ !l" Šjudges€are€requesting€that€the€term€š šbest€interest€attorneyššŠ Č"$ Šshould€be€defined€clearly€in€the€Guidelines€and€distinguishedŠ t$Ä& Šfrom€the€term€that€it€replaces,€š šguardian€ņņad€litemóó.šš€€House€BillŠ  &p!( Š700€takes€effect€on€June€1,€2006,€so€it€is€necessary€to€moveŠ Ų'(#* Šforward€now.€€€Š „)Ō$, Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€Judge€Ō_ŌSundtŌ_Ō€had€expressed€to€him€thatŠ 0+€&. Šthere€is€a€problem€recruiting€guardians€ņņad€litemóó€because€of€theŠ Ü,,(0 ŠņņWillsóó€case.€€In€the€legislation€she€sponsored,€Delegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_ŌŠ ”.ä)2 Šhad€tried€to€obtain€immunity€for€these€attorneys,€but€theŠ ° Šlegislature€eliminated€it€from€the€bill.€€Judge€Ō_ŌSundtŌ_Ō€told€theŠ \¬ ŠCommittee€that€there€is€an€exodus€of€attorneys€from€representingŠ X Šchildren.€€Those€who€are€representing€children€do€not€always€haveŠ “  Šthe€necessary€training€and€qualifications.€€The€fact€that€thereŠ ` ° Šare€no€standards€of€practice€makes€the€situation€more€difficult.€Š  \  ŠAttorneys€are€very€concerned€about€potential€personal€liability.€Š ø  ŠIf€standards€are€in€place€and€an€attorney€does€what€the€standardsŠ d“  Šrequire,€a€lawsuit€against€him€or€her€should€not€be€successful.€Š `  ŠSome€of€the€attorneys€Judge€Ō_ŌSundtŌ_Ō€calls€upon€will€take€theseŠ ¼  Šcases,€but€it€can€be€difficult€finding€attorneys.€€Š hø Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€said€that€he€had€received€a€telephone€call€fromŠ d Šan€attorney€in€Prince€Frederick€who€no€longer€represents€childrenŠ Ą Šand€who€requested€that€the€Guidelines€be€put€into€place€so€thatŠ l¼ Šhe€can€take€these€cases€again.€€Apparently,€it€is€difficult€toŠ h Šfind€attorneys€to€represent€children€in€Ō_ŌCalvertŌ_Ō€County.€€TheŠ Ä ŠChair€cautioned€that€the€Guidelines€cannot€provide€immunity€toŠ pĄ  Šthe€bar.€€They€also€cannot€be€guaranteed€as€a€safe€harbor€forŠ !l" Šattorneys.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€pointed€out€that€attorneys€may€haveŠ Č"$ Špracticed€in€this€field€for€20€years€or€more,€but€they€did€notŠ t$Ä& Šhave€the€required€six€hours€of€training.€€It€is€difficult€forŠ  &p!( Šmany€attorneys€to€get€the€training€unless€the€court€offers€it.€Š Ģ'#* ŠIt€also€is€difficult€to€obtain€seasoned€attorneys€to€handle€theseŠ x)Č$, Šcases.€€Many€of€the€guardians€ņņad€litemóó€are€younger€attorneys.€Š $+t&. ŠThe€Guidelines€will€help€younger€attorneys€learn€the€appropriateŠ Ü,,(0 Šprotocol.Š ˆ.Ų)2 Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€Rule€17„105,€Qualifications€andŠ ° ŠSelection€of€Persons€Other€than€Mediators€and€Neutral€Experts,Š \¬ Šone€of€the€Alternative€Dispute€Resolution€(š šŌ_ŌADRŌ_Ōšš)€Rules,€has€aŠ X Šprovision€that€allows€a€person€who€has€š šequivalent€or€specializedŠ “  Šknowledge€or€experiencešš€to€qualify€to€conduct€certain€Ō_ŌADRŌ_ŌŠ ` ° Šproceedings.€€Similar€language€could€be€added€to€the€Guidelines.€Š  \  ŠMs.€Ogletree€remarked€that€in€her€county,€the€cases€in€whichŠ ø  Šchildren€are€represented€are€handled€ņņpro€bonoóó.€€Any€requiredŠ d“  Šeducation€should€be€funded€by€the€court€system€itself,€instead€ofŠ l  Šthe€attorneys€paying€for€training€to€do€ņņpro€bonoóó€work.€€Ms.€OrtizŠ Č Šresponded€that€the€Family€Law€Committee€has€discussed€this€issue.€Š €Š ŠAt€a€minimum,€training€on€a€regional€basis€will€be€provided.€€HerŠ ,| Šoffice€is€willing€to€help€with€the€training.€€Ms.€OgletreeŠ Ų( Šinquired€as€to€whether€the€number€of€hours€stated€in€theŠ „Ō ŠGuidelines€is€sufficient.€€Ms.€Ortiz€replied€that€the€CustodyŠ 0€ ŠSubcommittee€of€the€Family€Law€Committee€discussed€this€and€feltŠ Ü, Šthat€six€hours€was€a€feasible€amount.€€The€amount€of€hoursŠ ˆŲ  Šsuggested€ranged€as€high€as€12€in€some€discussions.€€Š 4!„" Šą  ąJudge€Sundt€commented€that€even€participating€in€50€hours€ofŠ ą"0$ Štraining€does€not€necessarily€make€someone€a€good€attorney€inŠ Œ$Ü& Šchild€representation€cases.€€The€Maryland€Institute€for€theŠ 8&ˆ!( ŠContinuing€Professional€Education€of€Lawyers€(MICPEL)€began€toŠ ä'4#* Šoffer€courses€in€how€to€represent€children€ten€years€ago,€takingŠ )ą$, Šthe€lead€from€Montgomery€County€which€was€offering€similarŠ <+Œ&. Šcourses.€€The€Judicial€Institute€has€offered€a€three„day€courseŠ č,8(0 Šon€family€law.€€Judge€Sundt€expressed€her€agreement€with€Ms.Š ”.ä)2 ŠŌ_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€that€to€require€a€six„hour€training€for€lawyers€who€haveŠ ° Špracticed€for€many€years€in€this€area€is€a€waste€of€time.€€TheŠ \¬ Šphrase€š šunless€waived€by€the€courtšš€should€be€added€on€to€theŠ X Šrequirement€that€the€attorneys€representing€children€mustŠ “  Šcomplete€at€least€six€hours€of€training.€€The€Chair€pointed€outŠ ` ° Šthat€subsection€(a)(5)€of€Rule€17„105€begins€as€follows:€š šunlessŠ  \  Šwaived€by€the€court,€have€completed€a€training€program...šš.€€HeŠ ø  Šsuggested€that€Guideline€4.,€appearing€on€page€six€of€the€meetingŠ d“  Šmaterials,€should€begin€with€the€same€phrase,€š šunless€waived€byŠ `  Šthe€court.šš€€€€€Š ¼  Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€remarked€that€when€the€Rules€of€Procedure€wereŠ hø Šrevised€in€1984,€programs€were€set€up€to€educate€attorneys€on€theŠ d Šnew€procedures.€€Programs€were€conducted€by€the€Honorable€Paul€V.Š Ą ŠŌ_ŌNiemeyerŌ_Ō,€now€a€judge€of€the€U.S.€Court€of€Appeals€for€the€FourthŠ l¼ ŠCircuit,€who€was€then€an€attorney„member€of€the€Rules€Committee,Š h Šand€Julia€M.€Ō_ŌFreitŌ_Ō,€Esq.,€who€was€then€the€Reporter€to€the€RulesŠ Ä ŠCommittee.€€Tapes€were€made€of€the€educational€program€that€wereŠ pĄ  Šthen€disseminated€throughout€the€State.€€Judge€Ō_ŌMcAuliffeŌ_Ō€addedŠ !l" Šthat€those€viewing€the€tapes€were€not€charged.€€Ms.€Ortiz€notedŠ Č"$ Šthat€there€may€be€funding€for€courses€on€child€representationŠ t$Ä& Šthrough€Family€Division€grants€through€her€office.€€Š  &p!( Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€adding€the€phrase€š šunless€waived€byŠ Ģ'#* Šthe€courtšš€to€Guideline€4€will€eliminate€any€argument€about€theŠ x)Č$, Šincompetency€of€the€attorney.€€Judge€Ō_ŌSundtŌ_Ō€pointed€out€thatŠ $+t&. ŠGuideline€5€provides€that€the€court€can€waive€the€required€sixŠ Š, (0 Šhours€of€training€by€using€the€phrase€š šunless€waived€by€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šcourt.šš€€The€Chair€said€that€the€same€phrase€should€be€added€toŠ ° ŠGuideline€4€as€he€had€previously€suggested.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€agreedŠ \¬ Šthat€it€cannot€hurt€to€repeat€this€phrase.€€By€consensus,€theŠ X ŠCommittee€approved€the€Chairššs€suggestion.Š “  Šą  ąMr.€Michael€asked€Delegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_Ō€if€he€were€correct€inŠ ` ° Šreading€the€statute€to€mean€that€any€of€the€types€of€attorneysŠ  \  Šrepresenting€a€child€must€exercise€due€care.€€Delegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_ŌŠ ø  Šreplied€in€the€affirmative.€€The€bill€was€signed€last€Tuesday€andŠ d“  Šwill€go€into€effect€on€June€1,€2006.€€Barbara€R.€Trader,€Esq.,Š `  Šrepresenting€the€Maryland€State€Bar€Association€Family€andŠ ¼  ŠJuvenile€Law€Section,€asked€the€Committee€to€approve€theŠ hø ŠGuidelines.€€She€explained€that€practitioners€need€them,€andŠ d Šnewer€attorneys€in€the€field€can€take€advantage€of€the€standards.€Š Ą ŠMr.€Dean€referred€to€Mr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ōššs€comments€about€the€Ō_ŌNCCUSLŌ_ŌŠ l¼ Šconsidering€the€issue€of€child€representation,€and€he€questionedŠ h Šas€to€whether€this€is€a€reason€to€hold€off€deciding€on€theŠ Ä ŠGuidelines€to€make€sure€that€nothing€has€been€overlooked.€Š pĄ  ŠDelegate€Ō_ŌDumaisŌ_Ō€remarked€that€she€has€not€previously€consideredŠ !l" Šthe€Uniform€Laws€completely,€but€she€had€looked€at€the€ABAŠ Č"$ Šstandards.€€She€expressed€the€view€that€the€Uniform€Laws€shouldŠ t$Ä& Šbe€carefully€considered.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€said€that€the€GuidelinesŠ  &p!( Šshould€be€looked€at€now,€or€else€there€could€be€a€major€delay€inŠ Ģ'#* Šgetting€them€before€the€Court€of€Appeals.€€The€Chair€commentedŠ x)Č$, Šthat€the€Guidelines€can€be€fine„tuned€later€for€subsequentŠ $+t&. Šdevelopments.€€They€could€be€presented€to€the€Court€in€OctoberŠ Š, (0 Šwhich€would€allow€for€an€examination€of€the€Uniform€Laws.€€Ms.Š |.Ģ)2 ŠKing€noted€that€a€memorandum€on€the€ABA€Model€Legislation€forŠ ° Šchild€representation€is€available,€and€the€Chair€asked€her€toŠ \¬ Šsend€it€to€the€Rules€Committee.€€Š X Šą  ąJudge€Ō_ŌMcAuliffeŌ_Ō€referred€to€the€May€26,€2006€MemorandumŠ “  ŠRegarding€the€Proposed€Appendix€to€the€Rules€which€Ms.€King€hadŠ ` ° Šdistributed€at€todayššs€meeting.€€This€contains€a€list€of€severalŠ  \  Šproblems€with€the€Guidelines.€€He€said€that€solutions€forŠ ø  ŠProblems€1.€(Section€1.1€on€š šBest€Interest€Attorneysšš€ShouldŠ d“  ŠContain€A€Statement€Of€Duties)€and€5.€(The€Training€andŠ `  ŠQualifications€Sections€Should€Be€Strengthened)€had€beenŠ ¼  Šdiscussed€today,€but€he€questioned€as€to€how€to€handle€ProblemsŠ hø Š2.€(The€Bar€on€Attorney€Testimony€Must€Be€Clarified)€and€4.Š d Š(Guidance€Should€be€Provided€on€When€a€Childššs€Privilege€ShouldŠ Ą ŠBe€Waived).€€Ms.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€pointed€out€that€Problem€2.€presents€aŠ l¼ Šmajor€change€in€practice.€€The€š šbest€interestšš€attorney€currentlyŠ h Šprepares€a€report€to€the€court€to€summarize€the€case,€and€thisŠ Ä Šhas€been€treated€as€testimony.€€It€would€be€appropriate€to€changeŠ pĄ  Šthis,€since€it€is€odd€to€Ō_ŌallowŌ_ŌŌ_ŌŌ_Ō€hearsay€from€the€attorney€asŠ !l" Ševidence.€€However,€requiring€non„hearsay€testimony€from€otherŠ Č"$ Špersons€will€make€the€trials€at€least€one„third€longer.€€JudgeŠ t$Ä& ŠŌ_ŌSundtŌ_Ō€remarked€that€formulating€standards€for€attorney€testimonyŠ  &p!( Šhad€been€discussed,€but€the€Guidelines€put€an€immediate€end€toŠ Ģ'#* Šthis€procedure.€€It€is€understood€that€the€attorney€is€not€aŠ x)Č$, Šwitness€in€the€proceeding.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€observed€that€thisŠ $+t&. Šshould€be€made€explicit€in€the€Guidelines.€€Ms.€Ortiz€observedŠ Š, (0 Šthat€the€last€sentence€of€Guidelines€2.2€and€2.3€provides€thatŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthe€š š...€Attorney€shall€not€testify€at€trial.šš€€Ms.€OgletreeŠ ° Šremarked€that€the€attorneyššs€report€could€be€used€as€substantiveŠ \¬ Ševidence€if€there€is€some€cross„examination€allowed.€€ThisŠ X Šdepends€on€the€judge€handling€the€case.€€Ms.€Ortiz€noted€that€theŠ “  ŠFamily€Law€Committee€briefly€had€discussed€a€provision€concerningŠ ` ° Šsubmission€of€a€report,€but€it€was€taken€out.€Š  \  Šą  ąThe€Chair€hypothesized€a€scenario€in€which€the€š šbestŠ ø  Šinterestšš€attorney€representing€a€child€inadvertently€witnessesŠ d“  Šthe€childššs€parents€in€a€fight€with€each€other€at€a€restaurant.€Š `  ŠHe€asked€whether€this€type€of€testimony€from€the€attorney€wouldŠ ¼  Šever€be€admissible.€€To€allow€for€this€kind€of€situation,€heŠ hø Šsuggested€that€the€word€š šordinarilyšš€be€added€to€the€sentenceŠ d Šthat€prohibits€the€attorneyššs€testimony.€€Judge€Sundt€explainedŠ Ą Šthat€these€cases€involve€a€two„step€procedure.€€There€is€aŠ l¼ Špretrial€settlement/status€conference€which€is€very€informal.€€IfŠ h Šthe€case€goes€to€trial,€nothing€stops€the€attorney€from€elicitingŠ Ä Šfrom€the€mother€or€father€of€the€child€what€took€placeŠ pĄ  Špreviously.€€The€attorney€should€not€become€a€witness€in€theŠ !l" Šcase.€€The€last€sentence€of€Ms.€Kingššs€memorandum€states€that€theŠ Č"$ Štrend€to€treat€statements€that€are€made€by€court„appointedŠ t$Ä& Šattorneys€as€critically€important€evidence,€even€though€theŠ  &p!( Šstatements€are€not€made€under€oath€or€subject€to€cross„Š Ģ'#* Šexamination,€must€be€counteracted.€€Evidence€not€subject€toŠ x)Č$, Šcross„examination€is€very€dangerous.€€The€Chair€expressed€concernŠ $+t&. Šthat€a€blanket€statement€not€allowing€in€attorney€testimonyŠ Š, (0 Šforecloses€what€could€be€very€important€evidence.Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąJudge€Ō_ŌMcAuliffeŌ_Ō€inquired€as€to€whether€the€Family€andŠ ° ŠDomestic€Subcommittee€of€the€Rules€Committee€accepted€the€changeŠ \¬ Šproposed€by€Ms.€King,€and€Ms.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€answered€affirmatively.€€€Š X ŠThe€Chair€stated€that€the€proposed€change€would€be€the€additionŠ “  Šof€the€phrase,€š šor€file€a€reportšš€at€the€end€of€Guidelines€2.2Š ` ° Šand€2.3.€€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€this€additionalŠ  \  Šlanguage.Š ø  Šą  ąThe€Chair€referred€to€Problem€3.€(The€Optional€DutyŠ d“  ŠStatements€in€Sections€2.2€and€2.3€Should€Be€Strengthened)€in€Ms.Š `  ŠKingššs€memorandum.€€Judge€Sundt€commented€that€the€use€ofŠ ¼  Šš šshouldšš€or€š šshallšš€in€Sections€2.2€and€2.3€had€been€discussed.€€Š hø ŠSome€of€the€suggested€duties€listed€in€those€sections€will€notŠ d Šhappen€in€every€case,€such€as€in„person€interviews€of€parents€whoŠ Ą Šlive€too€far€away.€€The€duties€should€be€discretionary,€notŠ l¼ Šmandated.€€Judge€Ō_ŌMcAuliffeŌ_Ō€expressed€his€agreement€with€this.€€Š h ŠThe€Chair€observed€that€interpretations€of€the€language€inŠ Ä ŠSections€2.2€and€2.3€range€from€š šan€attorney€can€do€so€if€he€orŠ pĄ  Šshe€wants€tošš€to€š šan€attorney€should€do€so.šš€€Ms.€Ortiz€notedŠ !l" Šthat€the€Custody€Subcommittee€had€discussed€how€strong€theŠ Č"$ Šlanguage€should€be.€€A€survey€of€child€counsel€revealed€differingŠ t$Ä& Šopinions.Š  &p!( Šą  ąMr.€Brault€pointed€out€that€the€word€š šmayšš€is€preferable€toŠ Ģ'#* Šš šshould,šš€to€help€Ō_ŌavoidŌ_Ō€liability€problems.€€Ms.€Ogletree€addedŠ x)Č$, Šthere€is€more€of€a€comfort€level€with€the€word€š šmay.šš€€The€ChairŠ $+t&. Šsaid€that€the€minutes€will€reflect€the€concern€over€theŠ Š, (0 Šresponsibilities€of€these€attorneys€and€the€comfort€level€withŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthe€word€š šmayšš€in€describing€the€responsibilities.€€Š ° Šą  ąJudge€McAuliffe€asked€about€Problem€4.€(Guidance€Should€BeŠ \¬ ŠProvided€on€When€a€Childššs€Privilege€Should€Be€Waived)€in€Ms.Š X ŠKingššs€memorandum.€€Judge€Sundt€explained€that€the€best€exampleŠ “  Šof€the€problem€is€when€an€attorney€refuses€to€let€a€childššsŠ ` ° Štherapist€testify.€€The€ņņNagle€v.€Hooksóó€attorney€is€now€called€aŠ  \  Šš šchildššs€privilege€attorney.šš€€The€attorney€faces€a€dilemma,Š Ä  Šparticularly€when€the€childššs€therapist€requests€not€to€testify.€Š pĄ  ŠThe€child€has€told€the€therapist€something€in€confidence.€€If€theŠ l  Štherapist€testifies,€the€child€may€lose€trust€in€the€therapistŠ Č Šand€the€therapeutic€relationship€may€be€irreparably€harmed.€Š tÄ ŠGenerally,€an€attorney€who€recognizes€that€the€therapist€hasŠ  p Švaluable€information€goes€another€route,€such€as€obtaining€anŠ Ģ Šindependent€psychological€examination€of€the€child€or€Ō_ŌfindingŌ_ŌŠ xČ Šanother€witness€who€has€the€same€information.€€This€issue€is€aŠ $t Šmatter€of€concern.€€Ms.€King€commented€that€the€Guidelines€shouldŠ Š  Šnot€tie€the€hands€of€the€attorney.€€Many€attorneys€are€refusingŠ |Ģ  Šacross€the€board€to€allow€the€therapist€to€testify.€€€It€isŠ (!x" Šagonizing€to€watch€a€child€stay€in€a€bad€situation,€whenŠ Ō"$$ Šinformation€is€not€getting€to€the€court.€€Delegate€Dumais€agreedŠ €$Š& Šthat€sometimes€the€court€only€hears€one€side€of€the€story€inŠ ,&|!( Šthese€cases.€€The€attorney€often€struggles€in€the€ņņNagle€v.€HooksóóŠ Ų'(#* Šrole.€€If€a€child€indicates€that€he€or€she€has€been€abused,€theŠ )ą$, Štherapist€has€a€duty€to€report€this.€€Some€bad€cases€are€handledŠ <+Œ&. Šinappropriately,€but€there€are€many€appropriate€cases€for€everyŠ č,8(0 Šbad€one.€€Š ”.ä)2 Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€Section€1.3€is€clear€that€theŠ ° Šš šchildššs€privilege€attorneyšš€has€to€decide€whether€to€assert€orŠ \¬ Šwaive€a€privilege€to€which€the€child€is€entitled.€€The€healthŠ X Šcare€provider€receives€information€about€the€child€and€may€have€aŠ “  Šduty€to€report€this.€€There€is€also€a€clergy€privilege.€€Mr.Š ` ° ŠBrault€noted€that€there€is€no€privilege€if€abuse€is€occurring.€Š  \  ŠWhether€the€abuse€is€psychological€or€physical€is€often€difficultŠ ø  Što€determine.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€after€the€words€š šanyŠ d“  Šprivilegešš€in€the€first€sentence€of€Section€1.3,€the€followingŠ `  Šlanguage€should€be€added:€š šif€an€adult€is€entitled€to€waive€orŠ ¼  Šassert€that€privilege.šš€€The€purpose€of€the€attorney€is€not€toŠ hø Šsuppress€evidence.€€Ms.€Ogletree€expressed€her€agreement€withŠ d Šthis€concept.€€Judge€McAuliffe€noted€that€this€could€be€handledŠ Ą Šin€the€education€program.€€Judge€Sundt€added€that€the€trainingŠ l¼ Šfor€guardians€ņņad€litemóó€spent€time€on€this€issue.€€Š h Šą  ąMr.€Brault€moved€that€the€Guidelines€be€approved€as€amended.€Š Š  Š€The€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€Ms.Š |Ģ  ŠOgletree€stated€that€the€Guidelines€should€be€considered€againŠ (!x" Šafter€the€NCCUSL€meets.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€Family€andŠ Ō"$$ ŠDomestic€Subcommittee€will€meet€to€discuss€the€Guidelines,€andŠ €$Š& Šthe€consultants€will€be€invited€to€the€meeting.Š ,&|!( Šą  ąMs.€Ogletree€presented€Rule€9„205.1,€Appointment€of€ChildŠ Ų'(#* ŠCounsel,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š „)Ō$, ŠÓÓĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅŠ  ,V'/ Šą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° ŠĢą@\ \ ģąTITLE€9€„€FAMILY€LAW€ACTIONSˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@Ų Ų ģąCHAPTER€200€„€DIVORCE,€ANNULMENT,€ALIMONY,€ˆŠ X ŠĢą@l l ģąCHILD€SUPPORT,€AND€CHILD€CUSTODYˆŠ “  ŠĢĢą ø ąADD€new€Rule€9„205.1,€as€follows:Š 6 †  ŠĢĢRule€9„205.1.€€APPOINTMENT€OF€CHILD€COUNSELŠ ø  ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€ApplicabilityŠ :Š  ŠĢą ø ą€€This€Rule€applies€to€the€appointmentŠ ę6 Šof€child€counsel€in€actions€involving€childŠ ¼  Šcustody€or€child€access.Š ’ā ŠĢCross€reference:€See€Code,€Family€LawŠ >Ž ŠArticle,€šš1„202€and€the€Maryland€GuidelinesŠ d Šfor€Practice€for€Court„Appointed€LawyersŠ ź: ŠRepresenting€Children€in€Cases€InvolvingŠ Ą ŠChild€Custody€or€Child€Access.Š –ę ŠĢ€€(b)€€FactorsŠ B’ ŠĢą ø ą€€In€determining€whether€to€appointŠ ī> Šchild€counsel,€the€court€is€to€consider€theŠ Ä Šnature€and€adequacy€of€the€potential€evidenceŠ šź Što€be€presented,€other€available€methods€ofŠ pĄ  Šobtaining€information,€including€socialŠ F –! Šservice€investigations€and€evaluations€byŠ !l" Šmental€health€professionals,€and€availableŠ ņ!B# Šresources€for€payment.€€Appointment€may€beŠ Č"$ Šmost€appropriate€in€cases€involving€theŠ ž#ī% Šfollowing€factors,€allegations,€or€concerns:Š t$Ä& ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€Request€of€one€or€both€parties;Š  &p!( ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€High€level€of€conflict;Š Ģ'#* ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€Inappropriate€adult€influence€orŠ x)Č$, Šmanipulation;Š N*ž%- ŠĢ€€€€(4)€€Past€or€present€child€abuse€orŠ ś+J'/ Šneglect;Š Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€(5)€€Past€or€present€mental€healthŠ |.Ģ)2 Šproblems€of€a€child€or€party;Š ° ŠĢ€€€€(6)€€Special€physical,€educational,€orŠ \¬ Šmental€health€needs€of€a€child€that€requireŠ 2‚ Šinvestigation€or€advocacy;Š X ŠĢ€€€€(7)€€Actual€or€threatened€familyŠ “  Šviolence;Š Š Ś ŠĢ€€€€(8)€€Alcohol€or€other€substance€abuse;Š 6 †  ŠĢ€€€€(9)€€Consideration€of€terminating€orŠ ā 2  Šsuspending€parenting€time,€or€awardingŠ ø  Šcustody€or€visitation€to€a€non„parent;Š ŽŽ  ŠĢ€€€€(10)€€Relocation€that€substantiallyŠ :Š  Šreduces€the€childššs€time€with€a€parent,Š `  Šsibling,€or€both;€orŠ ę6 ŠĢ€€€€(11)€€Any€other€factor€that€the€courtŠ ’ā Šconsiders€important.Š hø ŠĢCommittee€note:€€A€court€should€provide€forŠ d Šadequate€and€effective€child€counsel€in€allŠ ź: Šcases€in€which€appointment€is€warranted,Š Ą Šregardless€of€the€economic€status€of€theŠ –ę Šparties.€€The€court€should€make€theŠ l¼ Šappointment€as€soon€as€practicable€after€itŠ B’ Šdetermines€that€appointment€is€warranted.€€AŠ h Šcourt€should€appoint€only€lawyers€who€haveŠ ī> Šagreed€to€serve€in€child€custody€and€childŠ Ä Šaccess€cases€in€the€assigned€role,€and€haveŠ šź Šbeen€trained€in€accordance€with€Guideline€4Š pĄ  Šof€the€Maryland€Guidelines€for€Practice€forŠ F –! ŠCourt„Appointed€Lawyers€Representing€ChildrenŠ !l" Šin€cases€involving€child€custody€or€childŠ ņ!B# Šaccess.€€In€making€appointments,€the€courtŠ Č"$ Šshould€fairly€and€equitably€distribute€casesŠ ž#ī% Šamong€all€qualified€attorneys,€taking€intoŠ t$Ä& Šaccount€the€attorneyššs€availability€andŠ J%š ' Šcaseload.€€Before€asking€an€attorney€toŠ  &p!( Šprovide€representation€ņņpro€bono€publicoóó€to€aŠ ö&F") Šchild,€the€court€should€consider€the€numberŠ Ņ'"#* Šof€other€similar€cases€the€attorney€hasŠ Ø(ų#+ Šrecently€accepted€on€a€ņņpro€bonoóó€basis€fromŠ ~)Ī$, Šthe€court.Š Z*Ŗ%- ŠĢ€€(c)€€Appointment€OrderŠ ,V'/ ŠĢą ø ą€€An€order€appointing€child€counselŠ ²-)1 Šshall:Š ˆ.Ų)2 Š‡€€€€(1)€specify€whether€the€attorney€is€toŠ ° Šserve€as€a€Best€Interest€Attorney,€ChildŠ †Ö ŠAdvocate€Attorney,€or€Childššs€PrivilegeŠ \¬ ŠAttorney;Š 2‚ ŠĢ€€€€(2)€authorize€the€appointed€attorney€toŠ Ž. Šhave€reasonable€access€to€the€child€and€toŠ “  Šall€otherwise€privileged€or€confidentialŠ Š Ś Šinformation€about€the€child,€without€theŠ ` ° Šnecessity€of€any€further€order€of€court€orŠ 6 †  Šthe€execution€of€a€release;Š  \  ŠĢ€€€€(3)€permit€the€attorney€to€participate€inŠ ø  Šdiscovery;Š ŽŽ  ŠĢ€€€€(4)€provide€that€the€service€and€noticeŠ :Š  Šprovisions€in€Title€1€of€these€Rules€apply€asŠ `  Šthough€the€child€were€a€party;€Š ę6 ŠĢ€€€€(5)€state€any€other€duties€orŠ ’ā Šresponsibilities€required€by€the€court;€Š hø ŠĢ€€€€(6)€state€when€the€appointmentŠ d Šterminates;€and€Š ź: ŠĢ€€€€(7)€unless€the€attorney€has€agreed€toŠ –ę Šserve€ņņpro€bono€publicoóó,€include€provisionsŠ l¼ Šconcerning€compensation€for€the€attorney.Š H˜ ŠCross€reference:€As€to€the€attorneyššsŠ n Šcompensation,€see€Guideline€6€of€the€MarylandŠ ōD ŠGuidelines€for€Practice€for€Court„AppointedŠ Ź ŠLawyers€Representing€Children€in€CasesŠ  š ŠInvolving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access.Š vĘ  ŠĢCommittee€note:€€The€court€should€write€anŠ "!r" Šappointment€order€in€plain€language,Š ų!H# Šunderstandable€to€non„lawyers,€and€send€aŠ Ī"$ Šcopy€of€the€order€to€counsel€of€record€and€toŠ ¤#ō% Šeach€party,€whether€or€not€represented€by€anŠ z$Ź& Šattorney.€Š P%  ' ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.Š ü&L") ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€9„205.1€was€accompanied€by€the€following€ReporterššsŠ ~)Ī$, ŠĢNote.Š *+z&. ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąProposed€new€Rule€9„205.1€containsŠ Ö,&(0 Šprovisions€concerning€the€appointment€ofŠ ¬-ü(1 Šchild€counsel€based€on€provisions€in€theŠ ‚.Ņ)2 ŠMaryland€Guidelines€for€Practice€for€Court„Š ° ŠAppointed€Lawyers€representing€Children€inŠ †Ö ŠCases€Involving€Child€Custody€or€ChildŠ \¬ ŠAccess,€approved€by€the€Conference€of€CircuitŠ 2‚ ŠJudges.Š X ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMs.€Ogletree€explained€that€the€Rule€presents€the€factors€toŠ Š Ś Šconsider€when€child€counsel€is€being€appointed.€€Mr.€KleinŠ 6 †  Šsuggested€that€the€language€that€appears€in€subsection€(c)(4)Š ā 2  Šthat€reads€š šas€though€the€child€were€a€partyšš€should€also€beŠ ŽŽ  Šadded€to€the€end€of€subsection€(c)(3),€and€it€should€be€keyed€toŠ :Š  Šthe€Rules€in€Title€2.€€Ms.€Ō_ŌOgletreeŌ_Ō€said€that€Title€2€applies€toŠ ę6 Šproceedings€under€Title€9.€€The€Reporter€suggested€that€theŠ ’ā Šlanguage€of€subsection€(c)(3)€should€be€š špermit€the€attorney€toŠ >Ž Šparticipate€in€discovery€under€Title€2€of€these€Rules€as€thoughŠ ź: Šthe€child€were€a€party.šš€€The€Chair€agreed€that€this€should€beŠ –ę Škeyed€to€Title€2.€€The€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€thisŠ B’ Šchange.€€The€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€approve€the€Rule€asŠ ī> Šamended.Š šź Šą  ą€Ms.€Ogletree€presented€Rule€2„504,€Scheduling€Order,€forŠ F –! Šthe€Committeeššs€consideration.Š ņ!B# ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ t$Ä& ŠĢą@P P ģąTITLE€2€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE€„€CIRCUIT€COURTˆŠ  &p!( ŠĢą@xx!ģąCHAPTER€500€„€TRIALˆŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€2„504€to€add€to€the€permittedŠ N*ž%- Šcontents€of€a€scheduling€order€an€orderŠ $+t&. Šappointing€child€counsel€under€certain€Š ś+J'/ Šcircumstances,€as€follows:Š Š, (0 ŠĢŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠRule€2-504.€€SCHEDULING€ORDER€Š ° ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€Order€RequiredŠ 2‚ ŠĢ€€€€(1)€Unless€otherwise€ordered€by€theŠ Ž. ŠCounty€Administrative€Judge€for€one€or€moreŠ “  Šspecified€categories€of€actions,€the€courtŠ Š Ś Šshall€enter€a€scheduling€order€in€every€civilŠ ` ° Šaction,€whether€or€not€the€court€orders€aŠ 6 †  Šscheduling€conference€pursuant€to€RuleŠ  \  Š2-504.1.€€Š ā 2  ŠĢ€€€€(2)€The€County€Administrative€Judge€shallŠ ŽŽ  Šprescribe€the€general€format€of€schedulingŠ d“  Šorders€to€be€entered€pursuant€to€this€Rule.€Š :Š  ŠA€copy€of€the€prescribed€format€shall€beŠ `  Šfurnished€to€the€Chief€Judge€of€the€Court€ofŠ ę6 ŠAppeals.€€Š ¼  ŠĢ€€€€(3)€Unless€the€court€orders€a€schedulingŠ hø Šconference€pursuant€to€Rule€2-504.1,€theŠ >Ž Šscheduling€order€shall€be€entered€as€soon€asŠ d Špracticable,€but€no€later€than€30€days€afterŠ ź: Šan€answer€is€filed€by€any€defendant.€€If€theŠ Ą Šcourt€orders€a€scheduling€conference,€theŠ –ę Šscheduling€order€shall€be€entered€promptlyŠ l¼ Šafter€conclusion€of€the€conference.€€Š B’ ŠĢ€€(b)€€Contents€of€Scheduling€OrderŠ ī> ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€RequiredŠ šź ŠĢą ø ą€€€€A€scheduling€order€shall€contain:€€Š F –! ŠĢą ø ą€(A)€an€assignment€of€the€action€to€anŠ ņ!B# Šappropriate€scheduling€category€of€aŠ Č"$ Šdifferentiated€case€management€systemŠ ž#ī% Šestablished€pursuant€to€Rule€16-202;€€Š t$Ä& ŠĢą ø ą€(B)€one€or€more€dates€by€which€eachŠ  &p!( Šparty€shall€identify€each€person€whom€theŠ ö&F") Šparty€expects€to€call€as€an€expert€witness€atŠ Ģ'#* Štrial,€including€all€information€specified€inŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠRule€2-402€(f)€(1);€€Š x)Č$, ŠĢą ø ą€(C)€one€or€more€dates€by€which€eachŠ $+t&. Šparty€shall€file€the€notice€required€by€RuleŠ ś+J'/ Š2-504.3€(b)€concerning€computer-generatedŠ Š, (0 Ševidence;€€Š ¦-ö(1 ŠŠ |.Ģ)2 Šą ø ą€(D)€a€date€by€which€all€discovery€mustŠ ° Šbe€completed;€€Š †Ö ŠĢą ø ą€(E)€a€date€by€which€all€dispositiveŠ 2‚ Šmotions€must€be€filed;€and€€Š X ŠĢą ø ą€(F)€any€other€matter€resolved€at€aŠ “  Šscheduling€conference€held€pursuant€to€RuleŠ Š Ś Š2-504.1.€€Š ` ° ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€PermittedŠ  \  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€A€scheduling€order€may€also€contain:€Š ø  ŠĢą ø ą€(A)€any€limitations€on€discoveryŠ d“  Šotherwise€permitted€under€these€rules,Š :Š  Šincluding€reasonable€limitations€on€theŠ `  Šnumber€of€interrogatories,€depositions,€andŠ ę6 Šother€forms€of€discovery;€€Š ¼  ŠĢą ø ą€(B)€the€resolution€of€any€disputesŠ hø Šexisting€between€the€parties€relating€toŠ >Ž Šdiscovery;€€Š d ŠĢą ø ą€(C)€a€date€by€which€any€additionalŠ Ą Šparties€must€be€joined;€€Š –ę ŠĢą ø ą€(D)€a€specific€referral€to€or€directionŠ B’ Što€pursue€an€available€and€appropriate€formŠ h Šof€alternative€dispute€resolution,€includingŠ ī> Ša€requirement€that€individuals€with€authorityŠ Ä Što€settle€be€present€or€readily€available€forŠ šź Šconsultation€during€the€alternative€disputeŠ pĄ  Šresolution€proceeding,€provided€that€theŠ F –! Šreferral€or€direction€conforms€to€theŠ !l" Šlimitations€of€Rule€2-504.1€(e);€€Š ņ!B# ŠĢą ø ą€(E)€an€order€designating€or€providingŠ ž#ī% Šfor€the€designation€of€a€neutral€expert€to€beŠ t$Ä& Šcalled€as€the€court's€witness;Š J%š ' ŠĢą ø ą€ņņ(F)€in€an€action€involving€childŠ ö&F") Šcustody€or€child€access,€an€order€appointingŠ Ģ'#* Šchild€counsel€in€accordance€with€Rule€9„Š ¢(ņ#+ Š205.1;óóŠ x)Č$, Šą ø ą€ņ ņ(F)ó ó€ņņ(G)óó€a€further€scheduling€conferenceŠ N*ž%- Šor€pretrial€conference€date;€and€€Š $+t&. ŠĢą ø ą€ņ ņ(G)ó ó€ņņ(H)óó€any€other€matter€pertinent€toŠ Š, (0 Šthe€management€of€the€action.€€Š ¦-ö(1 ŠŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠCross€reference:€€See€Rule€5-706€forŠ ° Šauthority€of€the€court€to€appoint€expertŠ †Ö Šwitnesses.€€Š \¬ ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.Š X ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€2„504€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š Š Ś ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąSee€the€Reporterššs€Note€to€the€proposedŠ 6 †  Šnew€Appendix€to€the€Maryland€Rules:Š  \  ŠGuidelines€for€Practice€for€Court„AppointedŠ ā 2  ŠLawyers€Representing€Children€in€CasesŠ ø  ŠInvolving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access.Š ŽŽ  ŠĢ€€Š :Š  ŠŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMs.€Ogletree€told€the€Committee€that€a€new€subsectionŠ `  Š(b)(2)(F)€has€been€added€to€Rule€2„504.€€By€consensus,€theŠ ¼  ŠCommittee€approved€the€Rule€as€presented.Š hø Šą  ąMs.€Ogletree€presented€paragraph€20€of€the€Preamble€andŠ d ŠScope€of€the€Maryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€Professional€Conduct€forŠ Ą Šthe€Committeeššs€consideration.€€Š l¼ ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ī> ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąAPPENDIX:€THE€MARYLAND€LAWYERSšš€RULES€OFˆŠ šź ŠĢą@<< ģąPROFESSIONAL€CONDUCTˆŠ F –! ŠĢą ø ąAmend€the€Preamble€and€Scope€of€theŠ ņ!B# ŠMaryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€ProfessionalŠ Č"$ ŠConduct€to€substitute€the€word€š šdoesšš€twiceŠ ž#ī% Šin€the€first€sentence€of€Paragraph€20,€asŠ t$Ä& Šfollows:Š J%š ' ŠĢĢPreamble:€€A€Lawyer's€Responsibilities.Š Ģ'#* ŠĢĢ€€€.€.€.Š N*ž%- ŠĢą ø ą[20]€€Violation€of€a€Rule€ņ ņshouldó ó€ņņdoesóóŠ ś+J'/ Šnot€itself€give€rise€to€a€cause€of€actionŠ Š, (0 Šagainst€a€lawyer€nor€ņ ņshouldó ó€ņņdoesóó€it€createŠ ¦-ö(1 Šany€presumption€in€such€a€case€that€a€legalŠ |.Ģ)2 Šduty€has€been€breached.€€In€addition,Š ° Šviolation€of€a€Rule€does€not€necessarilyŠ †Ö Šwarrant€any€other€non-disciplinary€remedy,Š \¬ Šsuch€as€disqualification€of€a€lawyer€inŠ 2‚ Špending€litigation.€€The€Rules€are€designedŠ X Što€provide€guidance€to€lawyers€and€to€provideŠ Ž. Ša€structure€for€regulating€conduct€throughŠ “  Šdisciplinary€agencies.€€They€are€not€designedŠ Š Ś Što€be€a€basis€for€civil€liability.€Š ` ° ŠFurthermore,€the€purpose€of€the€Rules€can€beŠ 6 †  Šsubverted€when€they€are€invoked€by€opposingŠ  \  Šparties€as€procedural€weapons.€€The€fact€thatŠ ā 2  Ša€Rule€is€a€just€basis€for€a€lawyer'sŠ ø  Šself-assessment,€or€for€sanctioning€a€lawyerŠ ŽŽ  Šunder€the€administration€of€a€disciplinaryŠ d“  Šauthority,€does€not€imply€that€an€antagonistŠ :Š  Šin€a€collateral€proceeding€or€transaction€hasŠ `  Šstanding€to€seek€enforcement€of€the€Rule.€Š ę6 ŠNevertheless,€in€some€circumstances,€aŠ ¼  Šlawyer's€violation€of€a€Rule€may€be€evidenceŠ ’ā Šof€breach€of€the€applicable€standard€ofŠ hø Šconduct.€€Nothing€in€this€Preamble€and€ScopeŠ >Ž Šis€intended€to€detract€from€the€holdings€ofŠ d Šthe€Court€of€Appeals€in€ņņPost€v.€Bregmanóó,€349Š ź: ŠMd.€142€(1998)€and€ņņSon€v.€Margolius,€Mallios,Š Ę ŠDavis,€Rider€&€Tomaróó,€349€Md.€441€(1998).Š ¢ņ ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š T¤ ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąParagraph€20€of€the€Preamble:€€A€Lawyerššs€ResponsibilitiesŠ Ö& ŠĢwas€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š ‚Ņ  ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅĢą ø ąThe€proposed€amendment€to€Paragraph€20Š "T# Šconforms€the€Preamble€and€Scope€of€theŠ Ś"*$ ŠMaryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€ProfessionalŠ °#% ŠConduct€to€the€terminology€used€in€theŠ †$Ö& ŠIntroduction€and€Scope€of€the€proposed€newŠ \%¬ ' ŠGuidelines€for€Practice€for€Court€AppointedŠ 2&‚!( ŠLawyers€Representing€Children€in€CasesŠ 'X") ŠInvolving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access.Š Ž'.#* ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMs.€Ogletree€explained€that€in€the€first€sentence€ofŠ `*°%- Šparagraph€20,€the€word€š šshouldšš€has€been€changed€to€the€wordŠ  ,\'/ Šš šdoes.šš€€This€conforms€the€Preamble€and€Scope€to€the€language€ofŠ ø-)1 Šthe€Introduction€and€Scope€of€the€Guidelines.€€By€consensus,€theŠ ° ŠCommittee€approved€the€Rule€as€presented.Š \¬ Šą  ąMs.€Ogletree€presented€Rule€1.7,€Conflict€of€Interest:Š X ŠGeneral€Rule,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š “  ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ 6 †  ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąAPPENDIX:€THE€MARYLAND€LAWYERSšš€RULES€OFˆŠ ā 2  ŠĢą@<< ģąPROFESSIONAL€CONDUCTˆŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€the€Comment€to€Rule€1.7€of€theŠ `  ŠMaryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€ProfessionalŠ ę6 ŠConduct€to€add€a€certain€comment€concerningŠ ¼  Šthe€representation€of€minor€siblings€by€aŠ ’ā Šcourt„appointed€Best€Interest€Attorney,€asŠ hø Šfollows:Š >Ž ŠĢĢRule€1.7.€€CONFLICT€OF€INTEREST:€GENERAL€RULEŠ Ą ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š l¼ ŠĢą@HH'ģąCOMMENTˆŠ h Š€€€.€.€.Š ī> ŠĢĢą ø ąņņSpecial€Considerations€in€CommonŠ pĄ  ŠRepresentation.óó€-€[29]€In€considering€whetherŠ L œ! Što€represent€multiple€clients€in€the€sameŠ (!x" Šmatter,€a€lawyer€should€be€mindful€that€ifŠ ž!N# Šthe€common€representation€fails€because€theŠ Ō"$$ Špotentially€adverse€interests€cannot€beŠ Ŗ#ś% Šreconciled,€the€result€can€be€additionalŠ €$Š& Šcost,€embarrassment€and€recrimination.€Š V%¦ ' ŠOrdinarily,€the€lawyer€will€be€forced€toŠ ,&|!( Šwithdraw€from€representing€all€of€the€clientsŠ 'R") Šif€the€common€representation€fails.€€In€someŠ Ų'(#* Šsituations,€the€risk€of€failure€is€so€greatŠ ®(ž#+ Šthat€multiple€representation€is€plainlyŠ „)Ō$, Šimpossible.€€For€example,€a€lawyer€cannotŠ Z*Ŗ%- Šundertake€common€representation€of€clientsŠ 0+€&. Šwhere€contentious€litigation€or€negotiationsŠ ,V'/ Šbetween€them€are€imminent€or€contemplated.€Š Ü,,(0 ŠMoreover,€because€the€lawyer€is€required€toŠ ²-)1 Šbe€impartial€between€commonly€representedŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šclients,€representation€of€multiple€clientsŠ ° Šis€improper€when€it€is€unlikely€thatŠ †Ö Šimpartiality€can€be€maintained.€€Generally,Š \¬ Šif€the€relationship€between€the€parties€hasŠ 2‚ Šalready€assumed€antagonism,€the€possibilityŠ X Šthat€the€clients'€interests€can€be€adequatelyŠ Ž. Šserved€by€common€representation€is€not€veryŠ “  Šgood.€€Other€relevant€factors€are€whether€theŠ Š Ś Šlawyer€subsequently€will€represent€bothŠ ` ° Šparties€on€a€continuing€basis€and€whether€theŠ 6 †  Šsituation€involves€creating€or€terminating€aŠ  \  Šrelationship€between€the€parties.€€Š ā 2  ŠĢą ø ąņņ[29.1]€Rule€1.7€may€not€apply€to€anŠ ŽŽ  Šattorney€appointed€by€a€court€to€serve€as€aŠ d“  Šminor€childššs€Best€Interest€Attorney€in€theŠ :Š  Šsame€way€that€it€applies€to€other€attorneys.€Š `  ŠFor€example,€because€the€Best€InterestŠ ę6 ŠAttorney€is€not€bound€to€advocate€a€clientššsŠ ¼  Šobjective,€siblings€with€conflicting€viewsŠ ’ā Šmay€not€pose€a€conflict€of€interest€for€aŠ hø ŠBest€Interest€Attorney,€provided€that€theŠ >Ž Šattorney€determines€the€siblingsšš€bestŠ d Šinterests€to€be€consistent.€€A€Best€InterestŠ ź: ŠAttorney€should€advocate€for€the€childrenššsŠ Ą Šbest€interests€and€ensure€that€each€childššsŠ –ę Šposition€is€made€a€part€of€the€record,€evenŠ l¼ Šif€that€position€is€different€from€theŠ B’ Šposition€that€the€attorney€advocates.óóŠ h ŠĢą ø ą[30]€A€particularly€important€factor€inŠ Ä Šdetermining€the€appropriateness€of€commonŠ šź Šrepresentation€is€the€effect€on€client-lawyerŠ pĄ  Šconfidentiality€and€the€attorney-clientŠ F –! Šprivilege.€€With€regard€to€the€attorney-Š !l" Šclient€privilege,€the€prevailing€rule€isŠ ņ!B# Šthat,€as€between€commonly€representedŠ Č"$ Šclients,€the€privilege€does€not€attach.€Š ž#ī% ŠHence,€it€must€be€assumed€that€if€litigationŠ t$Ä& Ševentuates€between€the€clients,€the€privilegeŠ J%š ' Šwill€not€protect€any€such€communications,€andŠ  &p!( Šthe€clients€should€be€so€advised.€€Š ö&F") ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€1.7€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š N*ž%- ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąProposed€new€Comment€29.1,€with€theŠ ś+J'/ Šaddition€of€the€phrase,€š šprovided€theŠ Š, (0 Šattorney€determines€the€siblingsšš€bestŠ ¦-ö(1 Šinterests€to€be€consistentšš€is€transferredŠ |.Ģ)2 Šfrom€the€draft€Maryland€Guidelines€for€CourtŠ ° ŠAppointed€Lawyers€Representing€Children€inŠ †Ö ŠCases€Involving€Child€Custody€or€Child€AccessŠ \¬ Šthat€was€approved€by€the€Conference€ofŠ 2‚ ŠCircuit€Judges.Š X ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMs.€Ogletree€explained€that€proposed€new€Comment€29.1€withŠ Š Ś Šthe€addition€of€the€phrase€š šprovided€that€the€attorney€determinesŠ 6 †  Šthe€siblingsšš€best€interests€to€be€consistentšš€was€transferredŠ ā 2  Šfrom€the€Guidelines€to€the€Rules€of€Professional€Conduct.€€TheŠ ŽŽ  ŠReporter€pointed€out€that€this€transfer€was€based€on€theŠ :Š  Šdiscussion€of€the€Guidelines€at€the€April€24,€2006€RulesŠ ę6 ŠCommittee€meeting.€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€the€RuleŠ ’ā Šas€presented.Š >Ž Šą  ąMs.€Ogletree€presented€Rule€1.14,€Client€with€DiminishedŠ ź: ŠCapacity,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.€€Š –ę ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ h ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąAPPENDIX:€THE€MARYLAND€LAWYERSšš€RULES€OFˆŠ Ä ŠĢą@<< ģąPROFESSIONAL€CONDUCTˆŠ pĄ  ŠĢą@Ō Ō ģąCLIENT„LAWYER€RELATIONSHIPˆŠ !l" ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€1.14€of€the€Maryland€LawyersššŠ ž#ī% ŠRules€of€Professional€Conduct€to€add€to€theŠ t$Ä& ŠComment€a€reference€to€the€MarylandŠ J%š ' ŠGuidelines€for€Practice€for€Court„AppointedŠ  &p!( ŠLawyers€Representing€Children€in€CasesŠ ö&F") ŠInvolving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access,€asŠ Ģ'#* Šfollows:Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢĢRule€1.14.€€CLIENT€WITH€DIMINISHED€CAPACITY€Š $+t&. ŠĢ€€(a)€€When€a€client's€capacity€to€makeŠ Š, (0 Šadequately€considered€decisions€in€connectionŠ ¦-ö(1 Šwith€a€representation€is€diminished€whetherŠ |.Ģ)2 Šbecause€of€minority,€mental€impairment€or€forŠ ° Šsome€other€reason,€the€lawyer€shall,€as€farŠ †Ö Šas€reasonably€possible,€maintain€a€normalŠ \¬ Šclient-lawyer€relationship€with€the€client.€€Š 2‚ ŠĢ€€(b)€€When€the€lawyer€reasonably€believesŠ Ž. Šthat€the€client€has€diminished€capacity,€isŠ “  Šat€risk€of€substantial€physical,€financial,Š Š Ś Šor€other€harm€unless€action€is€taken€andŠ ` ° Šcannot€adequately€act€in€the€client's€ownŠ 6 †  Šinterest,€the€lawyer€may€take€reasonablyŠ  \  Šnecessary€protective€action,€includingŠ ā 2  Šconsulting€with€individuals€or€entities€thatŠ ø  Šhave€the€ability€to€take€action€to€protectŠ ŽŽ  Šthe€client€and,€in€appropriate€cases,€seekingŠ d“  Šthe€appointment€of€a€guardian€ad€litem,Š :Š  Šconservator,€or€guardian.€€Š `  ŠĢ€€(c)€€Information€relating€to€theŠ ¼  Šrepresentation€of€a€client€with€diminishedŠ ’ā Šcapacity€is€protected€by€Rule€1.6.€€WhenŠ hø Štaking€protective€action€pursuant€toŠ >Ž Šparagraph€(b),€the€lawyer€is€impliedlyŠ d Šauthorized€under€Rule€1.6€(a)€to€revealŠ ź: Šinformation€about€the€client,€but€only€to€theŠ Ą Šextent€reasonably€necessary€to€protect€theŠ –ę Šclient's€interests.€€Š l¼ ŠĢą@HH'ģąCOMMENTˆŠ h ŠĢą ø ą[1]€The€normal€client-lawyerŠ Ä Šrelationship€is€based€on€the€assumption€thatŠ šź Šthe€client,€when€properly€advised€andŠ pĄ  Šassisted,€is€capable€of€making€decisionsŠ F –! Šabout€important€matters.€€When€the€client€isŠ !l" Ša€minor€or€suffers€from€a€diminished€mentalŠ ņ!B# Šcapacity,€however,€maintaining€the€ordinaryŠ Č"$ Šclient-lawyer€relationship€may€not€beŠ ž#ī% Špossible€in€all€respects.€€In€particular,€aŠ t$Ä& Šseverely€incapacitated€person€may€have€noŠ J%š ' Špower€to€make€legally€binding€decisions.€Š  &p!( ŠNevertheless,€to€an€increasing€extent€the€lawŠ ö&F") Šrecognizes€intermediate€degrees€ofŠ Ģ'#* Šcompetence.€€Indeed,€a€client€with€diminishedŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šcapacity€often€has€the€ability€to€understand,Š x)Č$, Šdeliberate€upon,€and€reach€conclusions€aboutŠ N*ž%- Šmatters€affecting€the€client's€ownŠ $+t&. Šwell-being.€€For€example,€it€is€recognizedŠ ś+J'/ Šthat€some€persons€of€advanced€age€can€beŠ Š, (0 Šquite€capable€of€handling€routine€financialŠ ¦-ö(1 Šmatters€while€needing€special€legalŠ |.Ģ)2 Šprotection€concerning€major€transactions.€€InŠ ° Šaddition,€children€as€young€as€five€or€sixŠ †Ö Šyears€of€age,€and€certainly€those€of€ten€orŠ \¬ Štwelve,€are€regarded€as€having€opinions€thatŠ 2‚ Šare€entitled€to€weight€in€legal€proceedingsŠ X Šconcerning€their€custody.€€Consideration€ofŠ Ž. Šand,€when€appropriate,€deference€to€theseŠ “  Šopinions€are€especially€important€in€casesŠ Š Ś Šinvolving€children€in€Child€In€Need€ofŠ ` ° ŠAssistance€(CINA)€and€related€Termination€ofŠ 6 †  ŠParental€Rights€(TPR)€and€adoptionŠ  \  Šproceedings.€€With€respect€to€theseŠ ā 2  Šcategories€of€cases,€the€Maryland€Foster€CareŠ ø  ŠCourt€Improvement€Project€has€preparedŠ ŽŽ  ŠGuidelines€of€Advocacy€for€AttorneysŠ d“  ŠRepresenting€Children€in€CINA€and€Related€TPRŠ :Š  Šand€Adoption€Proceedings.€€The€Guidelines€areŠ `  Šincluded€in€an€appendix€to€the€MarylandŠ ę6 ŠRules.€€ņņAlso€included€in€an€Appendix€to€theŠ ¼  ŠMaryland€Rules€are€Maryland€Guidelines€forŠ ’ā ŠPractice€for€Court„Appointed€LawyersŠ hø ŠRepresenting€Children€in€Cases€InvolvingŠ >Ž ŠChild€Custody€or€Child€Access,€developed€byŠ d Šthe€Maryland€Judicial€Conference€Committee€onŠ ź: ŠFamily€Law.óó€Š Ą ŠĢą ø ą[2]€The€fact€that€a€client€suffers€aŠ l¼ Šdisability€does€not€diminish€the€lawyer'sŠ B’ Šobligation€to€treat€the€client€with€attentionŠ h Šand€respect.€€Even€if€the€person€has€a€legalŠ ī> Šrepresentative,€the€lawyer€should€as€far€asŠ Ä Špossible€accord€the€represented€person€theŠ šź Šstatus€of€client,€particularly€in€maintainingŠ pĄ  Šcommunication.€€Š F –! ŠĢą ø ą[3]€The€client€may€wish€to€have€familyŠ ņ!B# Šmembers€or€other€persons€participate€inŠ Č"$ Šdiscussions€with€the€lawyer.€€When€necessaryŠ ž#ī% Što€assist€in€the€representation,€the€presenceŠ t$Ä& Šof€such€persons€generally€does€not€affect€theŠ J%š ' Šapplicability€of€the€attorney-clientŠ  &p!( Ševidentiary€privilege.€€Nevertheless,€theŠ ö&F") Šlawyer€must€keep€the€client's€interestsŠ Ģ'#* Šforemost€and,€except€for€protective€actionŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šauthorized€under€paragraph€(b),€must€look€toŠ x)Č$, Šthe€client,€and€not€family€members,€to€makeŠ N*ž%- Šdecisions€on€the€client's€behalf.€€Š $+t&. ŠĢą ø ą[4]€If€a€legal€representative€hasŠ Š, (0 Šalready€been€appointed€for€the€client,€theŠ ¦-ö(1 Šlawyer€should€ordinarily€look€to€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šrepresentative€for€decisions€on€behalf€of€theŠ ° Šclient.€€In€matters€involving€a€minor,Š †Ö Šwhether€the€lawyer€should€look€to€the€parentsŠ \¬ Šas€natural€guardians€may€depend€on€the€typeŠ 2‚ Šof€proceeding€or€matter€in€which€the€lawyerŠ X Šis€representing€the€minor.€€If€the€lawyerŠ Ž. Šrepresents€the€guardian€as€distinct€from€theŠ “  Šward,€and€is€aware€that€the€guardian€isŠ Š Ś Šacting€adversely€to€the€ward's€interest,€theŠ ` ° Šlawyer€may€have€an€obligation€to€prevent€orŠ 6 †  Šrectify€the€guardian's€misconduct.€€See€RuleŠ  \  Š1.2(d).€€Š ā 2  ŠĢTaking€Protective€Action.€€-€[5]€If€a€lawyerŠ ŽŽ  Šreasonably€believes€that€a€client€is€at€riskŠ d“  Šof€substantial€physical,€financial€or€otherŠ :Š  Šharm€unless€action€is€taken,€and€that€aŠ `  Šnormal€client-lawyer€relationship€cannot€beŠ ę6 Šmaintained€as€provided€in€paragraph€(a)Š ¼  Šbecause€the€client€lacks€sufficient€capacityŠ ’ā Što€communicate€or€to€make€adequatelyŠ hø Šconsidered€decisions€in€connection€with€theŠ >Ž Šrepresentation,€then€paragraph€(b)€permitsŠ d Šthe€lawyer€to€take€protective€measures€deemedŠ ź: Šnecessary.€Such€measures€could€include:Š Ą Šconsulting€with€family€members,€delayingŠ –ę Šaction€if€feasible€to€permit€clarification€orŠ l¼ Šimprovement€of€circumstances,€using€voluntaryŠ B’ Šsurrogate€decision-making€tools€such€asŠ h Šdurable€powers€of€attorney€or€consulting€withŠ ī> Šsupport€groups,€professional€services,Š Ä Šadult-protective€agencies€or€otherŠ šź Šindividuals€or€entities€that€have€the€abilityŠ pĄ  Što€protect€the€client.€€In€taking€anyŠ F –! Šprotective€action,€the€lawyer€should€beŠ !l" Šguided€by€such€factors€as€the€wishes€andŠ ņ!B# Švalues€of€the€client€to€the€extent€known,€theŠ Č"$ Šclient's€best€interests€and€the€goals€ofŠ ž#ī% Šintruding€into€the€client's€decision-makingŠ t$Ä& Šautonomy€to€the€least€extent€feasible,Š J%š ' Šmaximizing€client€capacities€and€respectingŠ  &p!( Šthe€client's€family€and€social€connections.€€Š ö&F") ŠĢą ø ą[6]€In€determining€the€extent€of€theŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šclient's€diminished€capacity,€the€lawyerŠ x)Č$, Šshould€consider€and€balance€such€factors€as:Š N*ž%- Šthe€client's€ability€to€articulate€reasoningŠ $+t&. Šleading€to€a€decision;€variability€of€stateŠ ś+J'/ Šof€mind€and€ability€to€appreciateŠ Š, (0 Šconsequences€of€a€decision;€the€substantiveŠ ¦-ö(1 Šfairness€of€a€decision;€and€the€consistencyŠ |.Ģ)2 Šof€a€decision€with€the€known€long-termŠ ° Šcommitments€and€values€of€the€client.€€InŠ †Ö Šappropriate€circumstances,€the€lawyer€mayŠ \¬ Šseek€guidance€from€an€appropriateŠ 2‚ Šdiagnostician.€€Š X ŠĢą ø ą[7]€If€a€legal€representative€has€notŠ “  Šbeen€appointed,€the€lawyer€should€considerŠ Š Ś Šwhether€appointment€of€a€guardian€ad€litem,Š ` ° Šconservator€or€guardian€is€necessary€toŠ 6 †  Šprotect€the€client's€interests.€€Thus,€if€aŠ  \  Šclient€with€diminished€capacity€hasŠ ā 2  Šsubstantial€property€that€should€be€sold€forŠ ø  Šthe€client's€benefit,€effective€completion€ofŠ ŽŽ  Šthe€transaction€may€require€appointment€of€aŠ d“  Šlegal€representative.€€In€addition,€rules€ofŠ :Š  Šprocedure€in€litigation€sometimes€provideŠ `  Šthat€minors€or€persons€with€diminishedŠ ę6 Šcapacity€must€be€represented€by€a€guardian€orŠ ¼  Šnext€friend€if€they€do€not€have€a€generalŠ ’ā Šguardian.€€In€many€circumstances,€however,Š hø Šappointment€of€a€legal€representative€may€beŠ >Ž Šmore€expensive€or€traumatic€for€the€clientŠ d Šthan€circumstances€in€fact€require.€Š ź: ŠEvaluation€of€such€circumstances€is€a€matterŠ Ą Šentrusted€to€the€professional€judgment€of€theŠ –ę Šlawyer.€€In€considering€alternatives,Š l¼ Šhowever,€the€lawyer€should€be€aware€of€anyŠ B’ Šlaw€that€requires€the€lawyer€to€advocate€theŠ h Šleast€restrictive€action€on€behalf€of€theŠ ī> Šclient.€€Š Ä ŠĢDisclosure€of€the€Client's€Condition.€€-€[8]Š pĄ  ŠDisclosure€of€the€client's€diminishedŠ F –! Šcapacity€could€adversely€affect€the€client'sŠ !l" Šinterests.€€For€example,€raising€the€questionŠ ņ!B# Šof€diminished€capacity€could,€in€someŠ Č"$ Šcircumstances,€lead€to€proceedings€forŠ ž#ī% Šinvoluntary€commitment.€€Information€relatingŠ t$Ä& Što€the€representation€is€protected€by€RuleŠ J%š ' Š1.6.€Therefore,€unless€authorized€to€do€so,Š  &p!( Šthe€lawyer€may€not€disclose€such€information.€Š ö&F") ŠWhen€taking€protective€action€pursuant€toŠ Ģ'#* Šparagraph€(b),€the€lawyer€is€impliedlyŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šauthorized€to€make€the€necessary€disclosures,Š x)Č$, Ševen€when€the€client€directs€the€lawyer€toŠ N*ž%- Šthe€contrary.€€Nevertheless,€given€the€risksŠ $+t&. Šof€disclosure,€paragraph€(c)€limits€what€theŠ ś+J'/ Šlawyer€may€disclose€in€consulting€with€otherŠ Š, (0 Šindividuals€or€entities€or€seeking€theŠ ¦-ö(1 Šappointment€of€a€legal€representative.€€AtŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthe€very€least,€the€lawyer€should€determineŠ ° Šwhether€it€is€likely€that€the€person€orŠ †Ö Šentity€consulted€with€will€act€adversely€toŠ \¬ Šthe€client's€interests€before€discussingŠ 2‚ Šmatters€related€to€the€client.€€The€lawyer'sŠ X Šposition€in€such€cases€is€an€unavoidablyŠ Ž. Šdifficult€one.€€Š “  ŠĢEmergency€Legal€Assistance.€€-€[9]€In€anŠ ` ° Šemergency€where€the€health,€safety€or€aŠ 6 †  Šfinancial€interest€of€a€person€with€seriouslyŠ  \  Šdiminished€capacity€is€threatened€withŠ ā 2  Šimminent€and€irreparable€harm,€a€lawyer€mayŠ ø  Štake€legal€action€on€behalf€of€such€a€personŠ ŽŽ  Ševen€though€the€person€is€unable€to€establishŠ d“  Ša€client-lawyer€relationship€or€to€make€orŠ :Š  Šexpress€considered€judgments€about€theŠ `  Šmatter,€when€the€person€or€another€acting€inŠ ę6 Šgood€faith€on€that€person's€behalf€hasŠ ¼  Šconsulted€with€the€lawyer.€€Even€in€such€anŠ ’ā Šemergency,€however,€the€lawyer€should€not€actŠ hø Šunless€the€lawyer€reasonably€believes€thatŠ >Ž Šthe€person€has€no€other€lawyer,€agent€orŠ d Šother€representative€available.€€The€lawyerŠ ź: Šshould€take€legal€action€on€behalf€of€theŠ Ą Šperson€only€to€the€extent€reasonablyŠ –ę Šnecessary€to€maintain€the€status€quo€orŠ l¼ Šotherwise€avoid€imminent€and€irreparableŠ B’ Šharm.€€A€lawyer€who€undertakes€to€represent€aŠ h Šperson€in€such€an€exigent€situation€has€theŠ ī> Šsame€duties€under€these€Rules€as€the€lawyerŠ Ä Šwould€with€respect€to€a€client.€€Š šź ŠĢą ø ą[10]€A€lawyer€who€acts€on€behalf€of€aŠ F –! Šperson€with€seriously€diminished€capacity€inŠ !l" Šan€emergency€should€keep€the€confidences€ofŠ ņ!B# Šthe€person€as€if€dealing€with€a€client,Š Č"$ Šdisclosing€them€only€to€the€extent€necessaryŠ ž#ī% Što€accomplish€the€intended€protective€action.€Š t$Ä& ŠThe€lawyer€should€disclose€to€any€tribunalŠ J%š ' Šinvolved€and€to€any€other€counsel€involvedŠ  &p!( Šthe€nature€of€his€or€her€relationship€withŠ ö&F") Šthe€person.€€The€lawyer€should€take€steps€toŠ Ģ'#* Šregularize€the€relationship€or€implementŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šother€protective€solutions€as€soon€asŠ x)Č$, Špossible.€€Š N*ž%- ŠĢņ ņModel€Rules€Comparisonó ó.„„€Rule€1.14€isŠ ś+J'/ Šsubstantially€similar€to€the€language€of€theŠ Ž,.(0 ŠEthics€2000€Amendments€to€the€ABA€Model€RulesŠ “-)1 Šof€Professional€Conduct,€with€the€exceptionŠ Š.Ś)2 Šof€retaining€elements€of€existing€MarylandŠ ° Šlanguage€in€Comment€[1]€and€further€revisingŠ †Ö ŠComments€[5]€and€[10].€€Š \¬ ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€1.14€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š Ž. ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąSee€the€Reporterššs€Note€to€the€proposedŠ Š Ś Šnew€Appendix€to€the€Maryland€Rules:Š ` ° ŠGuidelines€for€Practice€for€Court„AppointedŠ 6 †  ŠLawyers€Representing€Children€in€CasesŠ  \  ŠInvolving€Child€Custody€or€Child€Access.Š ā 2  ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMs.€Ogletree€told€the€Committee€that€a€reference€to€theŠ d“  Šproposed€new€Guidelines€is€being€added€to€the€list€in€the€CommentŠ `  Što€Rule€1.14€of€the€various€bodies€of€guidelines€for€casesŠ ¼  Šinvolving€children.€€The€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€addŠ hø Šthis€sentence€to€the€Comment.€€By€consensus,€the€CommitteeŠ d Šapproved€the€comment€to€the€Rule€as€presented.Š Ą Šą  ąThe€Chair€thanked€Ms.€Ogletree€for€presenting€the€GuidelinesŠ l¼ Šand€the€Rules€associated€with€them.Š h ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€3.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€amendments€to:€RuleŠ šź Š€€4„263€(Discovery€in€Circuit€Court)€and€Rule€4„262€(Discovery€inŠ pĄ  Š€€District€Court)Š F –! Š_________________________________________________________________Š !l" ŠĢÓÓą  ąMr.€Karceski€explained€that€a€few€years€ago,€Mr.€Brault€hadŠ Č"$ Šbrought€to€the€attention€of€the€Rules€Committee€a€report€of€theŠ t$Ä& ŠAmerican€College€of€Trial€Lawyers,€which€noted€the€problem€thatŠ  &p!( Šsome€prosecutors€fail€to€furnish€to€defendants€informationŠ Ģ'#* Šrequired€by€ņņBrady€v.€Marylandóó,€373€U.S.€83€(1963)€and€itsŠ x)Č$, Šprogeny.€€The€prosecutor€must€disclose€to€the€defendant€anyŠ 0+€&. Šš šfavorable€evidencešš€known€to€the€prosecutor€„„€information€inŠ Ü,,(0 Šany€form€that€tends€to€exculpate€the€defendant,€attacks€theŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šcredibility€of€a€witness€for€the€government,€or€mitigates€theŠ ° Šoffense.€€Both€Rules€4„262,€Discovery€in€District€Court,€and€4„Š \¬ Š263,€Discovery€in€Circuit€Court,€may€require€modification,€butŠ X Šthe€latter€is€the€one€in€the€forefront.€€After€considering€RuleŠ “  Š4„263,€the€Committee€needs€to€consider€to€what€extent€itsŠ ` ° Šproposed€changes€to€that€Rule€also€should€be€made€to€Rule€4„262.€Š  \  ŠCrimes€tried€in€the€District€Court€may€result€in€a€prisonŠ ø  Šsentence,€so€the€stakes€are€high€there,€also.€€With€20€or€30Š d“  Šcases€on€the€docket€every€day,€the€District€Court€is€differentŠ `  Šfrom€the€circuit€court.€€In€the€District€Court,€many€casesŠ ¼  Šoriginate€from€charges€filed€by€citizens,€rather€than€by€theŠ hø Šgovernment,€so€the€onus€on€the€Stateššs€Attorneyššs€office€isŠ d Šdifferent.€€Š Ą Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€presented€Rule€4„263,€Discovery€in€CircuitŠ l¼ ŠCourt,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š h ŠŌ‡X.žXX X.žŌÓÓĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ šź ŠĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ F –! ŠĢą@0 0 ģąCHAPTER€200€„€PRETRIAL€PROCEDURESˆŠ ņ!B# ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„263€to€require€each€partyŠ t$Ä& Što€exercise€due€diligence€in€identifyingŠ J%š ' Šmaterial€and€information€to€be€disclosed,€toŠ  &p!( Šreletter€certain€sections,€to€clarify€theŠ ö&F") Šdisclosure€obligation€of€the€Stateššs€AttorneyŠ Ģ'#* Šunder€subsection€(b)(1),€to€require€that€theŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠStateššs€Attorney€file€a€certain€writtenŠ x)Č$, Šstatement,€to€add€a€new€subsection€(b)(2)Š N*ž%- Šreferring€to€providing€prior€writtenŠ $+t&. Šstatements€by€witnesses,€to€add€languageŠ ś+J'/ Što€subsection€(c)(1)€referring€to€a€certainŠ Š, (0 Šstatute,€to€add€a€new€subsection€(c)(2)Š ¦-ö(1 Šreferring€to€providing€inconsistentŠ |.Ģ)2 Šstatements€of€witnesses,€to€add€to€subsectionŠ ° Š(c)(5)€a€reference€to€providing€the€substanceŠ †Ö Šof€an€unavailable€report,Ō#† X.žXXX.žG½#ŌŌ‡X.žXX X.žŌ€to€add€toŠ \¬ Šsubsection€(e)(2)€a€reference€to€providingŠ 2‚ Šthe€substance€of€an€unavailable€writtenŠ X Šreport,€to€add€the€phrase€š šor€requiredššŠ Ž. Što€section€(g),€and€to€provide€thatŠ “  ŠŌ_ŌŌ_ŌŌ_ŌŌ_ŌŌ_ŌordinarilyŌ_Ō€discovery€material€is€not€filedŠ Š Ś Šwith€the€court,€as€follows:Š ` ° ŠĢĢRule€4-263.€€DISCOVERY€IN€CIRCUIT€COURT€Š ā 2  ŠĢĢą ø ąDiscovery€and€inspection€in€circuitŠ d“  Šcourt€shall€be€as€follows:€€Š :Š  ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(g)ó ó€ņņ(a)óó€Obligations€of€ņ ņState's€Attorneyó ó€ņņtheŠ ę6 ŠPartiesóóŠ ¼  ŠĢą ø ą€€ņņEach€party€obligated€to€provideŠ hø Šmaterial€or€information€under€this€Rule€shallŠ >Ž Šexercise€due€diligence€to€identify€all€of€theŠ d Šmaterial€and€information€that€must€beŠ ź: Šdisclosed.óó€€The€obligations€of€the€State'sŠ Ą ŠAttorney€under€this€Rule€extend€to€materialŠ –ę Šand€information€in€the€possession€or€controlŠ l¼ Šof€the€State's€Attorney€and€staff€members€andŠ B’ Šany€others€who€have€participated€in€theŠ h Šinvestigation€or€evaluation€of€the€action€andŠ ī> Šwho€either€regularly€report,€or€withŠ Ä Šreference€to€the€particular€action€haveŠ šź Šreported,€to€the€office€of€the€State'sŠ pĄ  ŠAttorney.€€Š F –! ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(a)ó ó€ņņ(b)óó€Disclosure€Without€RequestŠ ņ!B# ŠĢą ø ą€€Without€the€necessity€of€a€request,Š ž#ī% Šthe€State's€Attorney€shall€furnish€to€theŠ t$Ä& Šdefendant:€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(1)€Any€material€or€information€ņ ņtendingŠ ö&F") Štoó ó€ņņin€any€form,€whether€or€not€admissible,Š Ģ'#* Šthat€tends€to€(A)€exculpate€the€defendant,€orŠ ¢(ņ#+ Š(B)óó€negate€or€mitigate€the€guilt€orŠ x)Č$, Špunishment€of€the€defendant€as€to€the€offenseŠ N*ž%- Šcharged€ņņand€a€written€statement€thatŠ $+t&. Šreasonably€identifies€the€materialsŠ ś+J'/ Šfurnished;€andóóŠ Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€(2)€Any€relevant€material€or€informationŠ |.Ģ)2 Šregarding:€(A)€specific€searches€andŠ ° Šseizures,€wire€taps€or€eavesdropping,€(B)€theŠ †Ö Šacquisition€of€statements€made€by€theŠ \¬ Šdefendant€to€a€State€agent€that€the€StateŠ 2‚ Šintends€to€use€at€a€hearing€or€trial,€ņ ņandó ó€(C)Š X Špretrial€identification€of€the€defendant€by€aŠ Ž. Šwitness€for€the€Stateņņ,€and€(D)€within€___Š “  Šdays€of€the€first€scheduled€trial€date€anyŠ Š Ś Šprior€written€statements€by€witnesses€asŠ ` ° Šdefined€in€Rule€5„802.1óó.€€Š 6 †  ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(b)ó ó€ņņ(c)óó€Disclosure€Upon€RequestŠ ā 2  ŠĢą ø ą€€Upon€request€of€the€defendant,€theŠ ŽŽ  ŠState's€Attorney€shall:€€€€€€Š d“  ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€WitnessesŠ `  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Disclose€to€the€defendant€the€nameŠ ¼  Šandņņ,€except€as€provided€under€Code,€CriminalŠ ’ā ŠProcedure€Article,€šš11„205,€theóó€address€ofŠ hø Šeach€person€then€known€whom€the€State€intendsŠ >Ž Što€call€as€a€witness€at€the€hearing€or€trialŠ d Što€prove€its€case€in€chief€or€to€rebut€alibiŠ ź: Štestimony;€€Š Ą ŠĢ€€€€ņņ(2)€€Inconsistent€Statements€of€WitnessesóóŠ l¼ ŠĢą ø ą€€€€ņņDisclose€to€the€defendant€anyŠ h Šmaterial€or€information,€in€any€form,€whetherŠ ī> Šor€not€admissible,€[that€leads€to€theŠ Ä Šadmission€of€evidence]€allowing€a€defendantŠ šź Što€prove€under€Rule€5„613€that€a€witness€hasŠ pĄ  Šmade€statements€that€are€inconsistent€withŠ F –! Šthe€anticipated€testimony€and€that€wouldŠ !l" Šprove€(A)€the€witnessšš€bias,€prejudice,Š ņ!B# Šinterest€in€the€outcome€of€the€proceeding,€orŠ Č"$ Šmotive€to€testify€falsely,€or€(B)€theŠ ž#ī% Šcharacter€of€a€witness€for€untruthfulness€byŠ t$Ä& Šestablishing€prior€bad€acts€as€permittedŠ J%š ' Šunder€Rule€5„608€(b).óóŠ  &p!( ŠĢ€€€€ņ ņ(2)ó ó€ņņ(3)óó€Statements€of€the€DefendantŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢą ø ą€€€€As€to€all€statements€made€by€theŠ x)Č$, Šdefendant€to€a€State€agent€that€the€StateŠ N*ž%- Šintends€to€use€at€a€hearing€or€trial,€furnishŠ $+t&. Što€the€defendant,€but€not€file€unless€theŠ ś+J'/ Šcourt€so€orders:€(A)€a€copy€of€each€writtenŠ Š, (0 Šor€recorded€statement,€and€(B)€the€substanceŠ ¦-ö(1 Šof€each€oral€statement€and€a€copy€of€allŠ |.Ģ)2 Šreports€of€each€oral€statement;€€Š ° ŠĢ€€€€ņ ņ(3)ó ó€ņņ(4)óó€Statements€of€CodefendantsŠ \¬ ŠĢą ø ą€€€€As€to€all€statements€made€by€aŠ X Šcodefendant€to€a€State€agent€which€the€StateŠ Ž. Šintends€to€use€at€a€joint€hearing€or€trial,Š “  Šfurnish€to€the€defendant,€but€not€file€unlessŠ Š Ś Šthe€court€so€orders:€(A)€a€copy€of€eachŠ ` ° Šwritten€or€recorded€statement,€and€(B)€theŠ 6 †  Šsubstance€of€each€oral€statement€and€a€copyŠ  \  Šof€all€reports€of€each€oral€statement;€€Š ā 2  ŠĢ€€€€ņ ņ(4)ó ó€ņņ(5)óó€Reports€or€Statements€of€ExpertsŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Produce€and€permit€the€defendant€toŠ :Š  Šinspect€and€copy€all€written€reports€orŠ `  Šstatements€made€in€connection€with€the€actionŠ ę6 Šby€each€expert€consulted€by€the€State,€ņņorŠ ¼  Šstate€the€substance€of€the€written€report,€ifŠ ’ā Šthe€report€is€unavailable,óó€ņ ņ[Query:€ShouldŠ hø Šthis€provision€be€added€to€Rule€4„262?]ó óŠ Lœ Šincluding€the€results€of€any€physical€orŠ 0€ Šmental€examination,€scientific€test,Š V Šexperiment,€or€comparison,€and€furnish€theŠ Ü, Šdefendant€with€the€substance€of€any€such€oralŠ ² Šreport€and€conclusion;€€Š ˆŲ ŠĢ€€€€ņ ņ(5)ó ó€ņņ(6)óó€Evidence€for€Use€at€TrialŠ 4„ ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Produce€and€permit€the€defendant€toŠ ą0 Šinspect,€copy,€and€photograph€any€documents,Š ¶ Šcomputer-generated€evidence€as€defined€inŠ ŒÜ  ŠRule€2-504.3€(a),€recordings,€photographs,€orŠ b ²! Šother€tangible€things€that€the€State€intendsŠ 8!ˆ" Što€use€at€the€hearing€or€trial;€€Š "^# ŠĢ€€€€ņ ņ(6)ó ó€ņņ(7)óó€Property€of€the€DefendantŠ ŗ# % ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Produce€and€permit€the€defendant€toŠ f%¶ ' Šinspect,€copy,€and€photograph€any€itemŠ <&Œ!( Šobtained€from€or€belonging€to€the€defendant,Š 'b") Šwhether€or€not€the€State€intends€to€use€theŠ č'8#* Šitem€at€the€hearing€or€trial.€€Š ¾($+ ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(c)ó ó€ņņ(d)óó€Matters€Not€Subject€to€Discovery€byŠ j*ŗ%- Šthe€DefendantŠ @+&. ŠĢą ø ą€€This€Rule€does€not€require€the€StateŠ ģ,<(0 Što€disclose:€€Š Ā-)1 ŠŠ ˜.č)2 Š€€€€(1)€Any€documents€to€the€extent€that€theyŠ ° Šcontain€the€opinions,€theories,€conclusions,Š †Ö Šor€other€work€product€of€the€State'sŠ \¬ ŠAttorney,€or€€Š 2‚ ŠĢ€€€€(2)€The€identity€of€a€confidentialŠ Ž. Šinformant,€so€long€as€the€failure€to€discloseŠ “  Šthe€informant's€identity€does€not€infringe€aŠ Š Ś Šconstitutional€right€of€the€defendant€and€theŠ ` ° ŠState's€Attorney€does€not€intend€to€call€theŠ 6 †  Šinformant€as€a€witness,€or€€Š  \  ŠĢ€€€€(3)€Any€other€matter€if€the€court€findsŠ ø  Šthat€its€disclosure€would€entail€aŠ ŽŽ  Šsubstantial€risk€of€harm€to€any€personŠ d“  Šoutweighing€the€interest€in€disclosure.€€Š :Š  ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(d)ó ó€ņņ(e)óó€Discovery€by€the€StateŠ ę6 ŠĢą ø ą€€Upon€the€request€of€the€State,€theŠ ’ā Šdefendant€shall:€€Š hø ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€As€to€the€Person€of€the€DefendantŠ d ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Appear€in€a€lineup€forŠ Ą Šidentification;€speak€for€identification;€beŠ –ę Šfingerprinted;€pose€for€photographs€notŠ l¼ Šinvolving€reenactment€of€a€scene;€try€onŠ B’ Šarticles€of€clothing;€permit€the€taking€ofŠ h Šspecimens€of€material€under€fingernails;Š ī> Špermit€the€taking€of€samples€of€blood,€hair,Š Ä Šand€other€material€involving€no€unreasonableŠ šź Šintrusion€upon€the€defendant's€person;Š pĄ  Šprovide€handwriting€specimens;€and€submit€toŠ F –! Šreasonable€physical€or€mental€examination;€€Š !l" ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€Reports€of€ExpertsŠ Č"$ ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Produce€and€permit€the€State€toŠ t$Ä& Šinspect€and€copy€all€written€reports€made€inŠ J%š ' Šconnection€with€the€action€by€each€expertŠ  &p!( Šwhom€the€defendant€expects€to€call€as€aŠ ö&F") Šwitness€at€the€hearing€or€trial,€ņņor€state€theŠ Ģ'#* Šsubstance€of€the€written€report,€if€theŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šreport€is€unavailable,óó€including€the€resultsŠ x)Č$, Šof€any€physical€or€mental€examination,Š N*ž%- Šscientific€test,€experiment,€or€comparison,Š $+t&. Šand€furnish€the€State€with€the€substance€ofŠ ś+J'/ Šany€such€oral€report€and€conclusion;€€Š Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€Alibi€WitnessesŠ |.Ģ)2 Š‡ą ø ą€€€€Upon€designation€by€the€State€of€theŠ ° Štime,€place,€and€date€of€the€allegedŠ †Ö Šoccurrence,€furnish€the€name€and€address€ofŠ \¬ Šeach€person€other€than€the€defendant€whom€theŠ 2‚ Šdefendant€intends€to€call€as€a€witness€toŠ X Šshow€that€the€defendant€was€not€present€atŠ Ž. Šthe€time,€place,€and€date€designated€by€theŠ “  ŠState€in€its€request.€€Š Š Ś ŠĢ€€€€(4)€€Computer-generated€EvidenceŠ 6 †  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Produce€and€permit€the€State€toŠ ā 2  Šinspect€and€copy€any€computer-generatedŠ ø  Ševidence€as€defined€in€Rule€2-504.3€(a)€thatŠ ŽŽ  Šthe€defendant€intends€to€use€at€the€hearingŠ d“  Šor€trial.€€Š :Š  ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(e)ó ó€ņņ(f)óó€Time€for€DiscoveryŠ ę6 ŠĢą ø ą€€The€State's€Attorney€shall€makeŠ ’ā Šdisclosure€pursuant€to€section€ņ ņ(a)ó ó€ņņ(b)óó€ofŠ hø Šthis€Rule€within€25€days€after€the€earlier€ofŠ >Ž Šthe€appearance€of€counsel€or€the€firstŠ d Šappearance€of€the€defendant€before€the€courtŠ ź: Špursuant€to€Rule€4-213.€€Any€request€by€theŠ Ą Šdefendant€for€discovery€pursuant€to€sectionŠ –ę Šņ ņ(b)ó ó€ņņ(c)óó€of€this€Rule,€and€any€request€by€theŠ l¼ ŠState€for€discovery€pursuant€to€section€ņ ņ(d)ó óŠ B’ Šņņ(e)óó€of€this€Rule€shall€be€made€within€15€daysŠ h Šafter€the€earlier€of€the€appearance€ofŠ ī> Šcounsel€or€the€first€appearance€of€theŠ Ä Šdefendant€before€the€court€pursuant€to€RuleŠ šź Š4-213.€€The€party€served€with€the€requestŠ pĄ  Šshall€furnish€the€discovery€within€ten€daysŠ F –! Šafter€service.€€Š !l" ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(f)ó ó€ņņ(g)óó€Motion€to€Compel€DiscoveryŠ Č"$ ŠĢą ø ą€€If€discovery€is€not€furnished€asŠ t$Ä& Šrequested€ņņor€requiredóó,€a€motion€to€compelŠ J%š ' Šdiscovery€may€be€filed€within€ten€days€afterŠ  &p!( Šreceipt€of€inadequate€discovery€or€afterŠ ö&F") Šdiscovery€should€have€been€received,Š Ģ'#* Šwhichever€is€earlier.€€The€motion€shallŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šspecifically€describe€the€requested€mattersŠ x)Č$, Šthat€have€not€been€furnished.€€A€response€toŠ N*ž%- Šthe€motion€may€be€filed€within€five€daysŠ $+t&. Šafter€service€of€the€motion.€€The€court€needŠ ś+J'/ Šnot€consider€any€motion€to€compel€discoveryŠ Š, (0 Šunless€the€moving€party€has€filed€aŠ ¦-ö(1 Šcertificate€describing€good€faith€attempts€toŠ |.Ģ)2 Šdiscuss€with€the€opposing€party€theŠ ° Šresolution€of€the€dispute€and€certifying€thatŠ †Ö Šthey€are€unable€to€reach€agreement€on€theŠ \¬ Šdisputed€issues.€€The€certificate€shallŠ 2‚ Šinclude€the€date,€time,€and€circumstances€ofŠ X Šeach€discussion€or€attempted€discussion.€€Š Ž. ŠĢ€€(h)€€Continuing€Duty€to€DiscloseŠ Š Ś ŠĢą ø ą€€A€party€who€has€responded€to€a€requestŠ 6 †  Šor€order€for€discovery€and€who€obtainsŠ  \  Šfurther€material€information€shall€supplementŠ ā 2  Šthe€response€promptly.€€Š ø  ŠĢ€€ņņ(i)€€Not€to€be€Filed€With€CourtóóŠ d“  ŠĢą ø ą€€ņņExcept€as€otherwise€provided€in€theseŠ `  Šrules€or€by€order€of€court,€discoveryŠ ę6 Šmaterial€shall€not€be€filed€with€the€court.€Š ¼  ŠThe€party€generating€the€discovery€materialŠ ’ā Šshall€retain€the€original€and€shall€make€itŠ hø Šavailable€for€inspection€by€any€other€party.€Š >Ž ŠThis€section€does€not€preclude€the€use€ofŠ d Šdiscovery€material€at€trial€or€as€exhibits€toŠ ź: Šsupport€or€oppose€motions.óóŠ Ą ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(i)ó ó€ņņ(j)óó€Protective€OrdersŠ l¼ ŠĢą ø ą€€On€motion€and€for€good€cause€shown,Š h Šthe€court€may€order€that€specifiedŠ ī> Šdisclosures€be€restricted.€€If€at€any€timeŠ Ä Šduring€the€proceedings€the€court€finds€that€aŠ šź Šparty€has€failed€to€comply€with€this€Rule€orŠ pĄ  Šan€order€issued€pursuant€to€this€Rule,€theŠ F –! Šcourt€may€order€that€party€to€permit€theŠ !l" Šdiscovery€of€the€matters€not€previouslyŠ ņ!B# Šdisclosed,€strike€the€testimony€to€which€theŠ Č"$ Šundisclosed€matter€relates,€grant€aŠ ž#ī% Šreasonable€continuance,€prohibit€the€partyŠ t$Ä& Šfrom€introducing€in€evidence€the€matter€notŠ J%š ' Šdisclosed,€grant€a€mistrial,€or€enter€anyŠ  &p!( Šother€order€appropriate€under€theŠ ö&F") Šcircumstances.€€Š Ģ'#* ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€as€follows:€€Š x)Č$, Š€€Section€ņ ņ(g)ó ó€ņņ(a)óó€is€derived€ņņin€partóó€fromŠ N*ž%- Šformer€Rule€741€a€3€ņņand€is€in€part€new.óó€Š $+t&. Š€€Section€ņ ņ(a)ó ó€ņņ(b)óó€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ ś+J'/ Š741€a€1€and€2.€€Š Š, (0 Š€€Section€ņ ņ(b)ó ó€ņņ(c)óó€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ ¦-ö(1 Š741€b.€€Š |.Ģ)2 Š€€Section€ņ ņ(c)ó ó€ņņ(d)óó€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ ° Š741€c.€€Š †Ö Š€€Section€ņ ņ(d)ó ó€ņņ(e)óó€is€derived€in€part€fromŠ \¬ Šformer€Rule€741€d€and€is€in€part€new.€€Š 2‚ Š€€Section€ņ ņ(e)ó ó€ņņ(f)óó€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ X Š741€e€1.€€Š Ž. Š€€Section€ņ ņ(f)ó ó€ņņ(g)óó€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ “  Š741€e€2.€€Š Š Ś Š€€Section€(h)€is€derived€from€former€Rule€741Š ` ° Šf.€€Š 6 †  Š€€ņņSection€(i)€is€new.óóŠ  \  Š€€Section€ņ ņ(i)ó ó€ņņ(j)óó€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ ā 2  Š741€g.Š ø  ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€4„263€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š :Š  ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąAlbert€D.€Brault,€Esq.€brought€to€theŠ ę6 Šattention€of€the€Rules€Committee€a€2003Š ¼  ŠReport€of€the€American€College€of€TrialŠ ’ā ŠLawyers,€describing€the€problem€that€someŠ hø Šfederal€prosecutors€fail€to€provideŠ >Ž Šinformation€required€to€be€furnished€to€aŠ d Šcriminal€defendant€pursuant€to€ņņBrady€v.Š ź: ŠMarylandóó,€373€U.S.€83€(1963).€€Mr.€BraultŠ Ę Šspoke€with€local€criminal€defense€attorneysŠ ¢ņ Šin€Montgomery€County,€who€noted€similarŠ xČ Šproblems€with€some€State€prosecutors.€€ToŠ Nž Šaddress€this,€the€Honorable€Albert€J.Š $t ŠMatricciani€and€the€Honorable€M.€BrookeŠ śJ ŠMurdock,€Judges€of€the€Circuit€Court€forŠ Š  ŠBaltimore€City,€drafted€a€proposed€amendmentŠ ¦ö Što€current€subsection€(a)(1),€which€isŠ |Ģ  Šproposed€to€be€relettered€(b)(1),€of€Rule€4„Š R ¢! Š263,€the€concept€of€which€has€been€approvedŠ (!x" Šby€the€Rules€Committee.€€The€CommitteeššsŠ ž!N# Šproposal€blends€language€suggested€by€JudgesŠ Ō"$$ ŠMatricciani€and€Murdock€with€languageŠ Ŗ#ś% Šcurrently€in€the€subsection€and€adds€aŠ €$Š& Šrequirement€that€the€Stateššs€Attorney€provideŠ V%¦ ' Što€the€defendant€a€written€statement€thatŠ ,&|!( Šreasonably€identifies€the€material€furnished.€Š 'R") ŠA€proposed€cross€reference€to€Rule€3.8€of€theŠ Ų'(#* ŠMaryland€Lawyersšš€Rules€of€ProfessionalŠ ®(ž#+ ŠConduct€highlights€certain€special€ethicalŠ „)Ō$, Šresponsibilities€applicable€to€prosecutors.Š Z*Ŗ%- ŠĢą ø ąThe€Criminal€Subcommittee€proposes€a€newŠ ,V'/ Šsubsection€(b)(2)€requiring€disclosure€ofŠ Ü,,(0 Šprior€written€statements€by€witnesses€a€fewŠ ²-)1 Šdays€before€trial€to€conform€to€the€holdingŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šin€ņņJencks€v.€U.S.óó,€353€U.S.€657€(1957).Š ° ŠĢą ø ąRobert€L.€Dean,€Esq.€brought€to€theŠ b² ŠCommitteeššs€attention€a€problem€withŠ 8ˆ Šsubsection€(b)(1),€which€is€proposed€to€beŠ ^ Šrelettered€(c)(1)€of€Rule€4„263€and€sectionŠ ä4 Š(a)€of€Rule€4„262.€€Some€witnesses€inŠ ŗ  Šcriminal€cases€are€reluctant€to€testifyŠ  ą Šbecause€their€address€is€given€to€theŠ f ¶ Šdefendant€pursuant€to€the€Rules.€€RussellŠ < Œ  ŠButler,€Esq.,€suggested€that€to€address€thisŠ  b  Šproblem,€a€reference€to€Code,€CriminalŠ č 8  ŠProcedure€Article,€šš11„205€should€be€added€toŠ ¾  ŠRules€4„263€and€4„262.€€The€Code€provisionŠ ”ä  Šstates€that€upon€request€of€the€State,€aŠ jŗ  Švictim€of€or€a€witness€to€a€felony,€or€aŠ @  Švictimššs€representative,€the€address€of€aŠ f  Švictim€or€a€witness€may€be€withheld€before€aŠ ģ< Štrial€unless€a€judge€determines€that€goodŠ Ā Šcause€has€been€shown€for€the€release€of€theŠ ˜č Šinformation.€€The€Committee€agrees€with€Mr.Š n¾ ŠButlerššs€suggestion.Š D” ŠĢą ø ąNew€subsection€(c)(2)€is€proposed€as€anŠ š@ Šaddition€to€Rule€4„263€in€lieu€of€languageŠ Ę Šproposed€earlier€for€subsection€(b)(1)€whichŠ œģ Šreads€š šestablish€that€a€Stateššs€witness€hasŠ rĀ Šmade€a€statement€that€is€inconsistent€withŠ H˜ Šthe€witnessšš€anticipated€testimony.šš€andŠ n Šš šdemonstrate€interest€or€bias€of€a€stateššsŠ ōD Šwitness.šš€€The€language€suggested€by€theŠ Ź ŠOffice€of€the€Public€Defender€for€thisŠ  š Šprovision€is€š šimpeach€a€witness€underŠ vĘ  ŠMaryland€Rule€5„616€(a)€or€(b).šš€€To€clarifyŠ L œ! Šthis€issue,€the€Subcommittee€has€borrowedŠ "!r" Šrelevant€language€directly€from€Rule€5„616Š ų!H# Š(a).Š Ī"$ ŠĢą ø ąThe€Subcommittee€recommends€amendingŠ z$Ź& Šsubsections€(c)(5)€and€(e)(2)€by€requiringŠ P%  ' Šthat€an€expert€provide€the€substance€of€hisŠ &&v!( Šor€her€report,€if€the€actual€report€isŠ ü&L") Šunavailable.€€This€would€alleviate€situationsŠ Ņ'"#* Šin€which€a€party€does€not€obtain€necessaryŠ Ø(ų#+ Šinformation€in€discovery€because€the€witnessŠ ~)Ī$, Šis€unable€to€produce€the€actual€writtenŠ T*¤%- Šreport€about€which€he€or€she€will€beŠ *+z&. Štestifying€and€gives€the€requesting€party€noŠ ,P'/ Šinformation€at€all.Š Ö,&(0 ŠĢŠ  ‚.Ņ)2 Šą ø ąThe€words€š šor€requiredšš€are€proposed€toŠ ° Šbe€added€to€section€(f)€to€clarify€that€aŠ †Ö Šmotion€to€compel€discovery€may€be€based€on€aŠ \¬ Šfailure€to€provide€required€discovery€as€wellŠ 2‚ Šas€a€failure€to€provide€requested€discovery.Š X ŠĢą ø ąCurrent€section€(g),€Obligations€ofŠ “  ŠStateššs€Attorney,€is€proposed€to€be€amendedŠ Š Ś Što€require€that€each€party€who€is€obligatedŠ ` ° Što€provide€material€or€information€under€theŠ 6 †  ŠRule€exercise€due€diligence€in€identifyingŠ  \  Šthe€material€and€information€to€be€disclosed.€Š ā 2  ŠBecause€of€the€importance€of€this€obligation,Š ø  Šsection€(g)€is€proposed€to€be€moved€to€theŠ ŽŽ  Šbeginning€of€the€Rule€and€relettered€(a).Š d“  ŠĢą ø ąProposed€new€section€(i)€provides€that,Š `  Šwith€certain€exceptions,€discovery€materialŠ ę6 Šis€not€filed€with€the€court.€€In€light€of€theŠ ¼  Šadoption€of€Title€16,€Chapter€1000,€Access€toŠ ’ā ŠCourt€Records,€proposed€new€section€(i)€isŠ hø Šintended€to€eliminate€unnecessary€materialsŠ >Ž Šin€court€files€and€reduce€the€amount€ofŠ d Šmaterial€in€the€files€for€which€redaction,Š ź: Šsealing,€or€other€denial€of€inspection€wouldŠ Ą Šbe€required.€€The€language€of€the€section€isŠ –ę Šborrowed€ņņverbatimóó€from€the€first,€third,€andŠ l¼ Šfourth€sentences€of€Rule€2„401€(d)(2).€€TheŠ H˜ Šsection€conforms€the€Rule€to€current€practiceŠ n Šin€many€jurisdictions.Š ōD ŠŌ#† X.žXXX.žVĀ#ŌŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓĢą  ąMr.€Karceski€told€the€Committee€that€Nancy€Forster,€Esq.,Š vĘ  ŠPublic€Defender,€sent€in€a€letter€yesterday€suggesting€someŠ "!r" Šchanges€to€Rule€4„263,€including€the€suggested€new€language€inŠ Ī"$ Šsubsection€(c)(2)€concerning€impeachment€evidence.€€(See€AppendixŠ z$Ź& Š3.)€€Ms.€Forster€discussed€the€proposed€change€to€section€(a)Š &&v!( Šthat€requires€any€party€providing€material€or€information€underŠ Ņ'"#* ŠRule€4„263€to€exercise€due€diligence€in€identifying€the€materialŠ ~)Ī$, Šand€information€being€disclosed.€€This€applies€to€all€parties€andŠ *+z&. Šnot€simply€the€Stateššs€Attorney.€€Section€(b)€sets€out€theŠ Ö,&(0 Šmaterials€that€the€Stateššs€Attorney€must€provide€without€theŠ ‚.Ņ)2 Šnecessity€of€a€request.€€Ms.€Forster€has€asked€that€theŠ ° Šrequirement€that€the€Stateššs€Attorney€furnish€to€the€defense€aŠ \¬ Šwritten€statement€that€reasonably€identifies€the€disclosedŠ X Šmaterials€be€added€not€only€to€Rule€4„263€but€also€to€Rule€4„262.€Š “  ŠShe€has€also€requested€that€a€copy€of€the€written€statementŠ ` ° Šshould€be€filed€with€the€District€Court€or€circuit€court€toŠ  \  Šensure€that€defendants€are€able€to€obtain€merited€relief€on€postŠ ø  Šconviction€review.€€Š d“  Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€pointed€out€that€section€(c)€has€proposed€newŠ `  Šlanguage€pertaining€to€impeachment€material.€€Should€this€beŠ ¼  Šmoved€to€section€(b)?€€The€definition€of€favorable€evidence€wouldŠ hø Šinclude€impeachment€evidence.€€Subsection€(b)(1)€now€states€thatŠ d Šwithout€a€request,€the€Stateššs€Attorney€shall€furnish€to€theŠ Ą Šdefendant€š šany€material€or€information€in€any€form,€whether€orŠ l¼ Šnot€admissible,€that€tends€to€(A)€exculpate€the€defendant,€or€(B)Š h Šnegate€or€mitigate€the€guilt€or€punishment€of€the€defendant€as€toŠ Ä Šthe€offense€charged€and€a€written€statement€that€reasonablyŠ pĄ  Šidentifies€the€materials€furnished.šš€€The€written€statement€is€anŠ !l" Šimportant€consideration.€€Not€all€documents€have€to€be€filed€withŠ Č"$ Šthe€court.€€It€is€necessary€to€memorialize€that€the€appropriateŠ t$Ä& Šmaterials€were€disclosed.€€Š  &p!( Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€noted€that€subsection€(b)(2)€has€new€languageŠ Ģ'#* Šadded€that€provides€that€prior€written€statements€have€to€beŠ x)Č$, Šfurnished€to€the€defendant€within€a€certain€number€of€days€of€theŠ $+t&. Šfirst€scheduled€trial€date.€€He€expressed€his€preference€for€theŠ Š, (0 Šnumber€of€days€to€be€30.€€This€is€a€sufficient€amount€of€time€toŠ |.Ģ)2 Šbe€able€to€investigate€the€information€that€was€provided.€€Mr.Š ° ŠDean€commented€that€the€current€practice€varies€from€jurisdictionŠ \¬ Što€jurisdiction.€€The€reference€to€the€š šprior€written€statementsššŠ X Šis€derived€from€ņņJencks€v.€U.S.óó,€353€U.S.€657€(1957).€€SomeŠ “  Šprosecutors€wait€until€the€last€minute€to€provide€this,€aŠ l ¼ Špractice€that€may€be€legitimate,€but€it€should€be€provided€atŠ  h  Šsome€reasonable€period€in€advance€of€trial.€€Mr.€Dean€cautionedŠ Ä  Šthat€he€was€not€speaking€for€all€prosecutors,€but€he€expressedŠ pĄ  Šthe€view€that€the€language€to€be€filled€in€the€blank€inŠ l  Šsubsection€(b)(2)€should€be€š šwithin€a€reasonable€time€beforeŠ Č Štrial,šš€a€phrase€used€in€the€Evidence€Rules.€€He€remarked€thatŠ tÄ Šthe€issues,€problems,€and€concerns€about€the€inconsistentŠ  p Šstatements€of€witnesses€in€subsection€(c)(2)€can€be€handled€byŠ Ģ Šrequiring€the€prosecutor€to€provide€all€statements,€whetherŠ xČ Šwritten€or€oral,€up€front.€€This€would€avoid€the€need€to€followŠ $t Šthe€cumbersome€procedures€in€subsection€(c)(2).€€Š Š  Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€a€requirement€to€furnish€the€substanceŠ |Ģ  Šof€the€oral€statement€takes€care€of€the€discovery€obligation.€€HeŠ (!x" Šasked€Mr.€Dean€how€the€prosecutors€feel€about€this€issue.€€Mr.Š Ō"$$ ŠDean€replied€that€in€practice,€most€prosecutors€attempt€to€doŠ €$Š& Šthis.€€If€the€Rule€requires€this,€some€prosecutors€may€complain.€Š ,&|!( ŠThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€language€š šunless€the€court€ordersŠ Ų'(#* Šotherwisešš€could€be€added€to€protect€the€safety€of€witnesses€orŠ „)Ō$, Što€be€applied€in€specially€assigned€cases€where€the€court€holds€aŠ 0+€&. Špretrial€conference.€€Mr.€Dean€remarked€that€either€party€couldŠ Ü,,(0 Šrely€on€a€protective€order.€€€Š ˆ.Ų)2 Šą  ąJudge€Dryden€noted€that€Rule€4„262€refers€back€to€Rule€4„263Š ° Š(b)(1)€for€procedures€pertaining€to€the€obligation€of€the€StateššsŠ \¬ ŠAttorney€to€furnish€the€defendant€with€material€or€information.€€Š X ŠThese€procedures€will€not€work€in€District€Court.€€Judge€NortonŠ “  Šadded€that€with€the€volume€of€cases€in€District€Court,€the€StateŠ ` ° Šmust€provide€ņņBradyóó€material,€but€not€every€statement.€€The€ChairŠ  \  Šresponded€that€he€is€aware€of€this€problem.€€Rule€4„263€will€beŠ Ä  Šdiscussed€first,€and€then€Rule€4„262€can€be€adjusted.Š pĄ  Šą  ąJudge€Matricciani€said€that€he€and€the€Honorable€BrookeŠ l  ŠŌ_ŌMurdockŌ_Ō,€Ō_ŌjudgesŌ_Ō€of€the€Circuit€Court€for€Baltimore€City,€hadŠ Č Špreviously€met€with€Ms.€Forster€and€then€spoken€with€the€CriminalŠ tÄ ŠSubcommittee.€€Ms.€Forsterššs€point€was€to€avoid€ancillaryŠ  p Šlitigation€which€would€result€if€the€Rules€are€not€clear.€Š Ģ ŠSubsection€(b)(1)€refers€to€all€materials€that€tend€to€exculpateŠ xČ Šthe€defendant€or€negate€or€mitigate€the€guilt€or€punishment€ofŠ $t Šthe€defendant.€€A€specific€time€period€needs€to€be€added€toŠ Š  Šsubsection€(b)(2).€€The€Chair€suggested€that€the€wordŠ |Ģ  Šš šordinarilyšš€be€added€to€subsection€(b)(2)€along€with€a€specificŠ (!x" Štime€period.€€Judge€Matricciani€commented€that€the€process€shouldŠ Ō"$$ Šbe€formalized.€€Prosecutors€who€use€an€š šopen€filešš€discovery€Š €$Š& Šapproach€are€complying€with€the€requirements€ofņņ€Bradyóó,€exceptŠ ,&|!( Šthat€the€files€do€not€always€contain€police€department€materials.€Š ä'4#* ŠHe€and€Judge€Murdock€wanted€a€written€certification€as€to€whatŠ )ą$, Šwas€disclosed.€€Š <+Œ&. Šą  ąJudge€Ō_ŌMatriccianiŌ_Ō€said€that€Ms.€Forster€had€pointed€out€thatŠ č,8(0 Šif€a€list€of€the€written€materials€that€were€given€out€isŠ ”.ä)2 Šcontained€in€the€court€file,€this€would€help€avoid€factualŠ ° Šdisputes€in€post€conviction€proceedings.€€The€Chair€agreed€thatŠ \¬ Šit€is€a€good€idea€for€a€list€to€be€prepared.€€He€cautioned€thatŠ X Šin€light€of€the€rules€pertaining€to€access€to€court€records,€ifŠ “  Šthe€list€is€in€the€court€file,€identification€of€all€persons€whoŠ ` ° Šhad€given€a€statement€would€be€part€of€the€court€record€that€isŠ  \  Šopen€to€public€inspection.€€He€suggested€that€when€theŠ ø  Šrequirement€of€the€description€of€what€was€provided€is€added€toŠ d“  Šthe€Rule,€the€requirement€that€this€is€not€to€be€filed€with€theŠ `  Šcourt€should€also€be€added.€Š ¼  Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€asked€the€Committee€what€the€number€of€days€Š hø Šfilled€in€the€blank€in€subsection€(b)(1)€should€be.€€He€asked€ifŠ d Šthe€language,€š ša€written€statement€that€reasonably€identifies€theŠ Ą Šmaterials€provided€by€the€partiesšš€would€be€more€appropriatelyŠ l¼ Šplaced€in€section€(i)€of€Rule€4„263.€€The€Chair€replied€in€theŠ h Šaffirmative.€€Mr.€Karceski€expressed€his€agreement€with€Mr.€DeanŠ Ä Šas€to€the€latterššs€comments€that€the€inconsistent€statements€ofŠ pĄ  Šwitnesses€referred€to€in€subsection€(c)(2)€can€be€handled€byŠ !l" Šrequiring€the€prosecutor€to€provide€all€statements€up€front.€€HeŠ Č"$ Šasked€Mr.€Dean€whether€any€of€the€language€of€subsection€(c)(2)Š t$Ä& Šcould€be€collapsed€into€subsection€(b)(2).€€Mr.€Dean€respondedŠ  &p!( Šthat€if€the€State€gives€to€the€defendant€all€written€and€oralŠ Ģ'#* Šstatements,€this€would€take€care€of€the€requirement€that€theŠ x)Č$, Šdefendant€be€given€any€consistent€or€inconsistent€statements.€Š $+t&. ŠThis€is€helpful€to€the€prosecutor€who€can€then€use€the€priorŠ Š, (0 Šinconsistent€statement€to€rebut€testimony.€€€Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€all€of€subsection€(c)(2)€could€goŠ ° Šinto€subsection€(b)(1).€€At€this€point€in€the€proceedings,€theŠ \¬ Šprosecutor€knows€that€the€witness€has€given€a€statement€that€isŠ X Šinconsistent€with€the€anticipated€testimony.€€Mr.€Dean€suggestedŠ “  Šthat€everything€could€be€swept€in€together.€€The€Rule€couldŠ ` ° Šprovide€that€all€statements€are€to€be€provided€by€the€prosecutor.€Š  \  ŠThis€eliminates€the€problem€of€determining€if€the€statements€areŠ ø  Šinconsistent.€€The€Rule€should€be€made€as€simple€as€possible.€€Š d“  Šą  ąThe€Chair€remarked€that€the€federal€practice€is€to€provideŠ `  Šthe€statements€within€days€after€the€arraignment€of€theŠ ¼  Šdefendant.€€Mr.€Maloney€said€that€this€varies€from€prosecutor€toŠ hø Šprosecutor.€€He€agreed€with€Mr.€Dean€that€all€statements,€notŠ d Šjust€inconsistent€ones,€should€be€turned€over€to€the€defendant.€€€Š Ą ŠThe€Chair€commented€that€this€will€be€easy€to€administer.€€HeŠ l¼ Šrecommended€that€all€of€subsection€(c)(2)€be€moved€into€sectionŠ h Š(b)€as€subsection€(b)(1)(C).€€Mr.€Karceski€asked€if€the€languageŠ Ä Šwould€be€changed,€and€the€Chair€replied€that€it€would€be€changed.€Š pĄ  Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€told€the€Committee€that€Michele€Nethercott,Š !l" ŠEsq.,€an€Assistant€Public€Defender,€was€present€to€speak€to€them.€Š Č"$ ŠMs.€Nethercott€said€that€many€prosecutors€do€not€understand€whatŠ t$Ä& Šneeds€to€be€disclosed€to€the€defendant.€€Several€attorneys€fromŠ  &p!( Šthe€Office€of€the€Public€Defender€worked€on€the€proposed€draft€ofŠ Ģ'#* ŠRule€4„263.€€The€suggestion€to€include€all€prior€statements€ofŠ x)Č$, Šwitnesses€is€a€good€one€and€solves€the€problem€of€determiningŠ $+t&. Šwhether€the€statements€are€inconsistent.€€Language€requiring€aŠ Š, (0 Šdescription€of€what€has€been€turned€over€to€the€defendant€isŠ |.Ģ)2 Šnecessary€to€aid€in€post€conviction€cases.€€In€a€recent€case,Š ° Šthere€were€three€eyewitnesses€to€a€murder€and€only€one€statementŠ \¬ Šwas€turned€over€to€the€defense.€€The€third€eyewitness€gave€aŠ X Šdifferent€version€of€what€had€occurred.€€At€the€trial,€oneŠ “  Šeyewitness€testified,€and€there€were€severe€credibility€problems.€Š ` ° ŠMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€noted€that€the€change€to€the€Rule€solves€thisŠ  \  Šproblem.€€Ms.€Nethercott€said€that€it€may€not€solve€the€problemŠ ø  Šbecause€the€statement€came€from€a€witness€who€was€not€intended€toŠ d“  Šbe€called€to€testify€at€trial.€€The€Chair€stated€that€the€RuleŠ `  Šcannot€solve€all€of€the€problems.€€Some€will€have€to€be€resolvedŠ ¼  Šby€case€law.€€Š hø Šą  ąMr.€Maloney€commented€that€Ms.€Forster€said€in€her€letterŠ d Šthat€not€only€ņņBradyóó€material€but€the€material€described€in€ņņGiglioŠ Ą Šv.€United€Statesóó,€405€U.S.€150€(1972)€and€other€cases€should€beŠ xČ Šproduced.€€The€Chair€commented€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€hadŠ 0€ Šlooked€at€the€October€26,€2005€letter€from€Ms.€Forster€(includedŠ Ü, Šin€the€meeting€materials€š!š€see€Appendix€Ō_Ō4),Ō_Ō€which€contained€aŠ ˆŲ  Šphilosophical€discussion€of€discovery€and€whether€the€ņņBradyóóŠ 4!„" Šrequirements€should€be€supplemented.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌMaloneyŌ_Ō€observed€thatŠ ģ"<$ ŠRule€4„263€may€supersede€ņņBradyóó.€€The€Chair€said€that€a€series€ofŠ ˜$č& Šexamples€could€be€drafted€for€addition€to€the€Rule.€€Ms.Š P& !( ŠNethercott€remarked€that€the€United€States€District€Court€inŠ ü'L#* ŠMassachusetts€has€a€local€rule€to€deal€with€this.€€TheŠ Ø)ų$, Šprosecutors€there€look€at€a€list.€€At€a€practical€level,€there€isŠ T+¤&. Ša€lack€of€understanding€as€to€what€State€prosecutors€must€give€toŠ -P(0 Šthe€defense.€€The€Chair€noted€that€the€federal€court€does€notŠ ¬.ü)2 Šhave€the€same€volume€of€cases€as€in€state€courts.€€Š ° Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€observed€that€in€the€last€paragraph€on€page€2Š \¬ Šof€Ms.€Forsterššs€letter€dated€October€26,€2005,€she€listsŠ X Šexamples€of€what€must€be€disclosed€under€ņņBradyóó:€š šwitnessŠ “  Šstatements€that€are€mutually€inconsistent;€the€mental€healthŠ l ¼ Šstatus€of€a€witness€that€may€impair€his€or€her€ability€to€testifyŠ  h  Štruthfully€or€accurately;€pending€charges€against€a€witness€forŠ Ä  Šwhom€no€deal€was€being€offered€at€the€time€of€trial;€the€factŠ pĄ  Šthat€a€witness€may€have€failed€a€polygraph€exam;€the€failure€of€aŠ l  Šwitness€to€make€an€identification;€evidence€that€might€adverselyŠ Č Šimpact€the€credibility€of€the€stateššs€evidence;€and€the€priorŠ tÄ Šcriminal€record€of€a€witness.šš€€Mr.€Karceski€added€that€it€isŠ  p Šimpossible€to€name€all€situations.€€The€Chair€said€that€there€areŠ Ģ Šcases€dealing€with€this€issue,€and€it€would€be€helpful€to€includeŠ xČ Ša€Committee€note€identifying€the€cases.€€This€would€aid€the€judgeŠ $t Šwho€resolves€the€discovery€issues€and€also€the€prosecutor€and€lawŠ Š  Šenforcement€officers.€€Š |Ģ  Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€remarked€that€although€the€criminal€record€ofŠ (!x" Šwitnesses€can€be€subpoenaed,€it€is€difficult€for€the€defense€toŠ Ō"$$ Šobtain€the€full€record.€€The€State,€Ō_Ōhowever,Ō_Ō€can€access€theŠ €$Š& Šcomplete€criminal€history€from€the€Criminal€Justice€InformationŠ ,&|!( ŠSystem€(CJIS).€€The€Chair€said€that€allowing€the€defense€the€sameŠ Ų'(#* Šaccess€to€CJIS€as€the€State€has€been€discussed.€€He€had€been€toldŠ „)Ō$, Šthat€the€people€who€run€CJIS€cannot€provide€for€this€access.€€Mr.Š 0+€&. ŠMaloney€noted€that€the€U.S.€Attorneyššs€office€cannot€gain€accessŠ Ü,,(0 Što€CJIS.€€The€Chair€expressed€the€opinion€that€the€State€shouldŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šbe€required€to€provide€the€criminal€history€if€the€witness€has€aŠ ° Šcriminal€record.€€Mr.€Dean€stated€that€submitting€a€record€checkŠ \¬ Šon€every€civilian€would€be€onerous€for€the€State.€€He€commentedŠ X Šthat€it€is€not€necessary€to€deal€with€this€issue€now.€€It€wouldŠ “  Šbe€taken€care€of€if€defense€counsel€is€given€access€to€MarylandŠ ` ° Špolice€records.€€Mr.€Karceski€cautioned€that€counsel€may€getŠ  \  Šinaccurate€information.€€€€Š ø  Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€asked€what€number€of€days€should€be€filled€inŠ d“  Šthe€blank€in€subsection€(b)(2).€€The€Chair€stated€that€the€RuleŠ `  Šcould€provide€that€unless€the€court€orders€otherwise,€priorŠ ¼  Šwritten€statements€by€witnesses€must€be€given€to€the€defendantŠ hø Šwithin€30€days€after€the€earlier€of€the€first€appearance€ofŠ d Šcounsel€or€the€first€appearance€of€the€defendant.€€Mr.€DeanŠ Ą Špointed€out€that€section€(f)€provides€that€the€Stateššs€AttorneyŠ l¼ Šmust€make€disclosure€within€25€days€after€the€earlier€of€theŠ h Šappearance€of€counsel€or€the€first€appearance€of€the€defendantŠ Ä Šbefore€the€court.€€The€Chair€observed€that€subsection€(c)(2)€mayŠ pĄ  Šnot€be€necessary.€€Mr.€Karceski€pointed€out€that€subsectionŠ !l" Š(c)(1)€states€that€the€Stateššs€Attorney€has€to€provide€the€nameŠ Č"$ Šand€address€of€each€person€that€the€State€intends€to€call€as€aŠ t$Ä& Šwitness€at€the€hearing€or€trial€to€prove€its€case„in„chief.Š  &p!( Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€told€the€Committee€that€subsection€(c)(5)€hasŠ Ģ'#* Šlanguage€added€that€allows€the€defendant€to€inspect€and€copy€theŠ x)Č$, Šsubstance€of€written€reports€made€in€connection€with€the€actionŠ $+t&. Šif€the€report€itself€is€unavailable.€€A€query€asks€whether€thisŠ Š, (0 Šnew€language€should€be€added€to€Rule€4„262.€€The€Chair€expressedŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthe€view€that€although€it€may€be€redundant,€the€new€languageŠ ° Šcould€be:€š š...€or€state€the€substance€of€the€written€report€ifŠ \¬ Šthe€expert€has€not€prepared€the€report€or€if€the€report€isŠ X Šunavailable.šš€€Mr.€Sykes€inquired€as€to€what€happens€if€there€isŠ “  Šno€report€by€the€expert.€€Ms.€Potter€suggested€that€the€RuleŠ ` ° Šcould€require€a€statement€as€to€the€expertššs€opinion.€€Š  \  Šą  ąThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€language€of€subsectionŠ ø  Š(f)(1)(A)€of€Rule€2„402,€Scope€of€Discovery,€pertaining€toŠ d“  Šproviding€the€opinions€of€experts,€could€be€tracked.€€ThatŠ `  Šlanguage€reads€as€follows:€š š...to€state€the€substance€of€theŠ ¼  Šfindings€and€the€opinions€to€which€the€expert€is€expected€toŠ hø Štestify€and€a€summary€of€the€grounds€for€each€opinion...šš.€€TheŠ d ŠState€is€required€by€case€law€to€give€the€defense€the€informationŠ Ą Šabout€the€opinions€of€every€expert€that€the€State€consulted.€€ByŠ l¼ Šconsensus,€the€Committee€agreed€to€add€the€language€of€Rule€2„402Š h Š(f)(1)(A)€to€subsection€(c)(5)€of€Rule€4„263.€€Š Ä Šą  ąThe€Chair€noted€that€the€defense€may€have€expert€witnesses.€Š pĄ  ŠMr.€Dean€said€that€subsection€(e)(2)€provides€that€the€State€canŠ !l" Šinspect€and€copy€the€written€report€of€an€expert€that€the€defenseŠ Č"$ Šintends€to€call€as€a€witness.€€Mr.€Karceski€said€that€this€willŠ t$Ä& Šbe€conformed€to€the€changes€to€subsection€(c)(5),€except€that€theŠ  &p!( Šdefense€must€furnish€the€information€only€with€respect€to€expertsŠ Ģ'#* Šwhom€they€intend€to€call€as€witnesses.€€Š x)Č$, Šą  ąMr.€Maloney€asked€if€the€25„day€time€period€in€section€(f)Š $+t&. Šis€being€retained,€and€the€Chair€replied€that€it€will€be€changedŠ Š, (0 Što€30€days€unless€the€court€orders€otherwise.€€The€CommitteeŠ |.Ģ)2 Šagreed€by€consensus€to€this€change.€€Š ° Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€pointed€out€that€section€(g)€has€the€languageŠ \¬ Šš šor€requiredšš€added€to€it.€€Š X Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€told€the€Committee€that€section€(Ō_ŌiŌ_Ō)€is€new.€€ItŠ “  Šhas€been€suggested€that€language€be€added€to€include€reference€toŠ ` ° Šthe€written€statement€not€to€be€filed.€€Mr.€Johnson€remarked€thatŠ  \  Šthe€language€š šnot€to€be€filedšš€may€be€misleading.€€The€ReporterŠ ø  Šsuggested€that€the€tagline€should€be€changed.€€The€Chair€saidŠ d“  Šthat€it€may€be€useful€to€include€a€requirement€that€the€partyŠ `  Šproviding€the€discovery€include€a€statement€certifying€that€theŠ ¼  Šmaterials€were€provided.€€Mr.€Johnson€suggested€that€the€Š hø Šrequirement€of€a€written€statement€identifying€the€materialsŠ d Šprovided€be€moved€out€of€section€(b)€and€into€section€(Ō_ŌiŌ_Ō).€€Mr.Š Ą ŠMichael€pointed€out€that€subsection€(d)(2)€of€Rule€2„401,€GeneralŠ l¼ ŠProvisions€Governing€Discovery,€is€the€parallel€civil€provision.€Š h ŠJudge€Matricciani€suggested€that€there€could€be€a€sectionŠ Ä Špertaining€to€when€discovery€material€is€and€is€not€to€be€filed.€€Š pĄ  ŠMr.€Dean€commented€that€he€was€involved€in€the€dispute€regardingŠ !l" Šwhether€to€require€a€certification.€€It€was€agreed€that€theŠ Č"$ Šprosecutor€would€file€a€statement€as€to€what€is€provided.€€Š t$Ä& Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€the€language€of€Rule€2„401€(d)(2)€can€beŠ  &p!( Šadapted€to€add€to€Rule€4„263.€€The€tagline€will€remain€the€same,Š Ģ'#* Šand€the€second€sentence€will€be€as€follows:€š šInstead,€the€partyŠ x)Č$, Šgenerating€the€discovery€material€shall€serve€the€discoveryŠ $+t&. Šmaterial€on€all€other€parties€and€promptly€file€with€the€court€aŠ Š, (0 Šnotice€stating€(A)€the€type€of€discovery€material€served,€(B)€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šdate€and€manner€of€service,€and€(C)€the€party€or€person€served.šš€Š ° ŠBy€consensus,€the€Committee€agreed€to€this€suggestion.€€Š \¬ Šą  ąMr.€Klein€remarked€that€on€the€civil€side€of€practice,€thereŠ X Šis€no€itemization€as€to€what€is€given€to€the€other€parties.€€TheŠ “  ŠChair€responded€that€there€does€not€have€to€be€an€itemization.€Š ` ° ŠThe€Rule€provides€that€the€party€generating€the€discoveryŠ  \  Šmaterial€shall€retain€the€original€and€make€it€available€forŠ ø  Šinspection€by€any€other€party.€€Ms.€Nethercott€inquired€as€toŠ d“  Šwhether€there€should€be€a€certification€in€the€court€file€toŠ `  Šdescribe€or€identify€the€material€or€whether€the€party€simplyŠ ¼  Šlists€what€was€turned€over.€€Mr.€Dean€answered€that€mostŠ hø Šprosecutors€file€with€the€court€a€copy€of€the€letter€listing€theŠ d Švarious€documents.€€Š Ą Šą  ąJudge€McAuliffe€asked€how€long€the€prosecutor€has€to€retainŠ l¼ Ševerything,€and€Mr.€Dean€replied€that€it€depends€on€the€timeŠ h Šperiod€of€the€defendantššs€sentence.€€Judge€Matricciani€commentedŠ Ä Šthat€if€a€petition€for€post€conviction€relief€is€filed€threeŠ pĄ  Šyears€later,€a€list€of€documents€furnished€as€discovery€at€theŠ !l" Štime€of€the€trial€may€not€be€helpful.€€Mr.€Karceski€suggestedŠ Č"$ Šthat€a€document€can€be€identified€by€noting€something€likeŠ t$Ä& Šš šReport€of€Officer€Smith,€June€2,€2006,€five€pages."€€Mr.€DeanŠ  &p!( Šresponded€that€in€a€large€jurisdiction,€this€would€not€beŠ Ģ'#* Šfeasible.€€Every€page€of€a€document€cannot€be€numbered€and€listedŠ x)Č$, Šin€a€serious€felony€case.€€Judge€McAuliffe€questioned€as€to€theŠ $+t&. Šform€in€which€the€documents€are€retained.€€Mr.€Dean€answered€thatŠ Š, (0 Šthey€could€be€in€microfiche€in€some€jurisdictions,€but€not€inŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠPrince€Georgeššs€or€Montgomery€Counties.€€Judge€McAuliffe€pointedŠ ° Šout€that€the€documents€must€be€retained€in€case€of€a€later€postŠ \¬ Šconviction€action.€€Ms.€Nethercott€remarked€that€often€theŠ X Šattorney€will€try€to€reconstruct€the€file.€€Mr.€Dean€added€thatŠ “  Šsometimes€this€is€impossible.€€The€State€has€the€burden€ofŠ ` ° Špreparing€for€a€possible€post€conviction€action.€€It€is€difficultŠ  \  Što€solve€the€problem€of€file€maintenance.Š ø  Šą  ąMr.€Johnson€commented€that€the€important€issue€on€postŠ d“  Šconviction€is€what€is€in€the€record.€€Mr.€Dean€said€that€wheneverŠ `  Ša€file€has€been€lost,€he€was€able€to€reconstruct€the€case.€€Ms.Š ¼  ŠNethercott€noted€that€most€prosecutors€do€not€do€this.€€Mr.€DeanŠ hø Šstated€that€in€his€experience,€prosecutors€are€able€toŠ d Šreconstruct€cases.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€in€the€secondŠ Ą Šsentence€of€section€(i)€after€the€words€š šany€other€party,šš€theŠ l¼ Šfollowing€language€should€be€added:€š šand€shall€not€destroy€itŠ h Šuntil€permitted€to€do€so€by€order€of€court.šš€€The€same€issue€isŠ Ä Šhandled€for€warrants,€which€are€not€destroyed€until€anŠ pĄ  Šadministrative€order€is€issued.€€This€is€an€alternative€to€aŠ !l" Šnumbering€system€and€a€storage€requirement.€€Mr.€Johnson€notedŠ Č"$ Šthat€if€a€post€conviction€action€is€filed,€the€defendant€who€isŠ t$Ä& Šincarcerated€is€the€person€with€the€problem,€not€the€prosecutor.€Š  &p!( ŠA€listing€of€documents€numbered€1€to€500€will€not€help€in€a€postŠ Ģ'#* Šconviction€case.€€€Š x)Č$, Šą  ąThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€new€language€at€the€end€of€theŠ $+t&. Šsecond€sentence€of€section€(i)€could€be:€š š...€and€shall€retainŠ Š, (0 Šthe€original€until€the€expiration€of€any€sentence€imposed€on€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šdefendant.šš€€Mr.€Maloney€suggested€that€the€words€š šand€copyingššŠ ° Šcould€be€added€after€the€word€š šinspectionšš€in€the€second€sentenceŠ \¬ Šof€section€(i).€€He€suggested€that€the€documents€can€beŠ X Šidentified€in€an€index,€or€the€file€can€be€held.€€Mr.€DeanŠ “  Šremarked€that€the€prosecutor€needs€to€preserve€the€integrity€ofŠ ` ° Šthe€file.€€The€Chair€said€that€imposing€requirements€to€preserveŠ  \  Šthe€file€will€not€hurt.€€Š ø  Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€the€prosecutor€retains€the€originalŠ d“  Šdocuments€in€the€file.€€Mr.€Karceski€inquired€as€to€whether€theŠ `  ŠOffice€of€the€Public€Defender€retains€each€document.€€€Ms.Š ¼  ŠNethercott€responded€that€their€policy€is€to€retain€the€files€ofŠ hø Šeach€case,€but€they€have€some€difficulty€in€locating€them.€€€ThisŠ d Šseems€to€be€true€for€private€defense€counsel€as€well.€€Mr.Š Ą ŠKarceski€suggested€leaving€in€a€requirement€to€itemize€what€wasŠ l¼ Šdisclosed.€€It€may€be€difficult€to€maintain€the€records.€€Mr.Š h ŠDean€expressed€the€concern€that€it€is€too€burdensome€to€require€aŠ Ä Šdetailed€index€within€30€days€of€all€pieces€of€paper€disclosed€inŠ pĄ  Šdiscovery.€€The€universe€of€post€conviction€actions€is€limited.€Š !l" ŠIf€the€prosecutor€knows€that€the€case€will€be€litigated€for€manyŠ Č"$ Šyears,€he€or€she€will€take€the€appropriate€steps€to€preserve€theŠ t$Ä& Šfile.€€File€retention€should€be€at€the€prosecutorššs€discretion.€€€Š  &p!( Šą  ąThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€Rule€provide€that€if€theŠ Ģ'#* Šdefendant€is€sentenced€to€a€term€of€imprisonment€greater€than€10Š x)Č$, Šyears,€the€party€generating€the€discovery€shall€retain€it€untilŠ $+t&. Šfurther€order€of€court.€€Mr.€Dean€said€that€he€would€talk€toŠ Š, (0 Šprosecutors€around€the€State€to€ask€them€how€they€handle€fileŠ |.Ģ)2 Šretention.€€Sue€Schenning,€Esq.,€Deputy€Stateššs€Attorney€forŠ ° ŠBaltimore€County,€has€put€together€a€very€good€system€for€fileŠ \¬ Šretention.€€In€a€perfect€world,€all€files€would€be€retained.€€TheŠ X ŠChair€pointed€out€that€in€a€perfect€world,€everything€pertainingŠ “  Što€the€case€would€be€in€the€court€file.€€In€reality,€with€the€newŠ ` ° Šaccess€to€court€records€Rules,€names€and€addresses€go€out€intoŠ  \  Šcyberspace.€€Privacy€concerns€must€be€addressed€by€not€puttingŠ ø  Šthe€information€in€the€court€file.€€Š d“  Šą  ąMr.€Dean€expressed€the€opinion€that€before€a€time€limit€isŠ `  Šimposed€on€retaining€the€files,€it€would€be€important€to€considerŠ ¼  Šthe€enormous€costs€of€imposing€such€a€limit.€€It€would€be€helpfulŠ hø Što€see€what€Baltimore€City€is€doing€to€preserve€files.€€AŠ d Šscanning€program€similar€to€one€in€Seattle,€Washington€might€aid€Š Ą Šprosecutors.Š l¼ Šą  ąMs.€Potter€questioned€as€to€whether€any€other€jurisdictionsŠ h Šrequire€an€index€of€the€materials€turned€over€to€the€other€sideŠ Ä Šin€discovery.€€Mr.€Karceski€suggested€that€the€prosecutors€aroundŠ pĄ  Šthe€State€be€told€about€the€proposed€Rule€change€so€that€they€canŠ !l" Šgive€feedback€about€any€potential€problems.€€Mr.€Johnson€notedŠ Č"$ Šthat€the€Rule€would€pertain€to€the€defense,€also.€€The€ChairŠ t$Ä& Šagreed,€explaining€that€the€proposal€is€that€the€party€generatingŠ  &p!( Šthe€discovery€shall€retain€the€originals€until€further€order€ofŠ Ģ'#* Šcourt€and€make€them€available€for€inspection€by€any€other€party.€Š x)Č$, ŠMr.€Michael€pointed€out€that€the€language€would€be€š šavailable€forŠ $+t&. Šinspection€or€copying.šš€€Mr.€Dean€reiterated€that€he€would€letŠ Š, (0 Šother€Stateššs€Attorneys€around€the€State€know€about€the€proposedŠ |.Ģ)2 Šlanguage.€€Ms.€Potter€commented€that€the€private€criminal€defenseŠ ° Šbar€also€should€be€apprised€of€the€language.€€Š \¬ Šą  ąJudge€McAuliffe€remarked€that€file€retention€is€notŠ X Šnecessarily€the€same€as€the€exhibits€in€the€case,€and€he€askedŠ “  Šthe€meaning€of€the€word€š šfile.šš€€Mr.€Dean€answered€that€the€fileŠ ` ° Šcontains€physical€evidence,€such€as€controlled€dangerousŠ  \  Šsubstances€and€cash.€€Judge€Matricciani€suggested€that€the€RuleŠ ø  Šprovide€that€the€party€will€identify€the€physical€evidence.€Š d“  ŠJudge€McAuliffe€asked€why€the€defendant€has€to€retain€theŠ `  Šcontents€of€the€file.€€The€burden€should€be€on€the€State,€becauseŠ ¼  Šit€is€too€heavy€a€burden€for€the€defense.€€The€Chair€said€thatŠ hø Šthe€prosecutors€and€defense€attorneys€will€be€able€to€comment€onŠ d Šthe€language€of€section€(i).Š Ą Šą  ąMr.€Dean€observed€that€only€the€first€sentence€of€sectionŠ l¼ Š(j)€pertains€to€protective€orders.€€He€suggested€that€theŠ h Šremainder€of€the€section€be€placed€into€a€new€section€pertainingŠ Ä Što€sanctions.€Š pĄ  Šą  ąMr.€Dean€remarked€that€some,€but€not€all,€prosecutors€giveŠ !l" Šš šopen€filešš€discovery€to€the€defense.€€He€said€that€it€isŠ Č"$ Šimportant€to€recognize€that€the€parties€may€agree€to€furnishŠ t$Ä& Šdiscovery€in€a€manner€different€from€the€manner€stated€in€theŠ  &p!( ŠRule.€€€A€statement€to€this€effect€could€be€Ō_ŌaddedŌ_Ō€to€section€(Ō_ŌiŌ_Ō).€Š Ģ'#* ŠJudge€Matricciani€inquired€as€to€how€one€would€know€later€in€theŠ x)Č$, Šproceedings€about€an€agreement.€€The€Chair€replied€that€Ms.Š $+t&. ŠNethercott€had€suggested€that€any€informal€agreement€must€beŠ Š, (0 Šmemorialized€and€filed€with€the€court.€€€Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąJudge€Matricciani€observed€that€when€there€is€a€sameŠ ° Šday/next€day€jury€trial€transferred€from€District€Court€toŠ \¬ Šcircuit€court,€there€is€no€circuit€court€discovery.€€Mr.€KarceskiŠ X Šnoted€that€neither€side€has€the€benefit€of€circuit€courtŠ “  Šdiscovery.€€The€Chair€commented€that€it€would€be€difficult€toŠ ` ° Šcomply€with€discovery€rules€when€there€is€a€same€day/next€dayŠ  \  Šjury€trial.€€The€Rule€could€state€that€the€District€CourtŠ ø  Šdiscovery€rules€apply€in€that€situation.€€The€State€files€theŠ d“  Šcase€in€District€Court,€but€the€defendant€chooses€to€move€theŠ `  Šcase€to€circuit€court.€€The€defendant€could€have€prayed€a€juryŠ ¼  Štrial€in€advance,€which€would€have€required€the€State€to€complyŠ hø Šwith€the€circuit€court€rules.€Š d Šą  ąMr.€Dean€cautioned€that€much€time€and€effort€went€intoŠ Ą Šsetting€up€the€same€day/next€day€jury€trial€procedure,€and€it€isŠ l¼ Šimportant€that€the€suggested€change€not€interfere€with€it.€€TheŠ h ŠChair€explained€that€since€the€defendant€had€the€opportunity€toŠ Ä Šhave€circuit€court€discovery€if€he€or€she€had€prayed€a€jury€trialŠ pĄ  Šin€advance,€then€the€defendant€will€have€to€accept€that€theŠ !l" ŠDistrict€Court€discovery€rules€apply€if€the€defendant€waited€toŠ Č"$ Špray€a€jury€trial€until€the€day€of€trial.€€The€Reporter€asked€howŠ t$Ä& Šfar€in€advance€the€jury€trial€would€have€to€be€prayed€to€avoidŠ  &p!( Šthe€District€Court€discovery€rules.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€suggested€thatŠ Ģ'#* Šearlier€than€10€days€before€the€trial,€the€circuit€court€rulesŠ x)Č$, Šwould€apply.€€Judge€Ō_ŌMcAuliffeŌ_Ō€suggested€that€the€number€of€daysŠ $+t&. Šshould€be€15.€€He€added€that€this€would€help€discourage€frivolousŠ Š, (0 Šdemands€for€a€jury€trial.€€The€Chair€said€that€this€will€beŠ |.Ģ)2 Šcombined€with€the€15„day€jury€trial€provision€in€Rule€4„301,Š ° ŠBeginning€of€Trial€in€District€Court.€€Š \¬ Šą  ąBy€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€the€Rule€as€amended.€Š X Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€presented€Rule€4„262,€Discovery€in€DistrictŠ “  ŠCourt,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š ` ° ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓŌ‡X.žXX X.žŌĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ā 2  ŠĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢą@0 0 ģąCHAPTER€200€„€PRETRIAL€PROCEDURESˆŠ :Š  ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„262€to€require€each€partyŠ ¼  Što€exercise€due€diligence€in€identifyingŠ ’ā Šmaterial€and€information€to€be€disclosed,€toŠ hø Šreletter€certain€sections,€to€add€language€toŠ >Ž Šsection€(b)€referring€to€a€certain€statute,Š d Što€clarify€the€disclosure€obligation€of€theŠ ź: ŠStateššs€Attorney€under€subsection€(b)(1),€andŠ Ą Što€provide€that€ordinarily€discovery€materialŠ –ę Šis€not€filed€with€the€court,€as€follows:Š l¼ ŠĢĢRule€4„262.€€DISCOVERY€IN€DISTRICT€COURTŠ ī> ŠĢĢ€€ņ ņ(c)ó ó€ņņ(a)óó€Obligations€of€the€ņ ņState's€Attorneyó óŠ pĄ  ŠņņPartiesóóŠ F –! ŠĢą ø ą€€ņņEach€party€obligated€to€provideŠ ņ!B# Šmaterial€or€information€under€this€Rule€shallŠ Č"$ Šexercise€due€diligence€to€identify€all€of€theŠ ž#ī% Šmaterial€and€information€that€must€beŠ t$Ä& Šdisclosed.óó€€The€obligations€of€the€State'sŠ J%š ' ŠAttorney€under€this€Rule€extend€to€materialŠ  &p!( Šand€information€in€the€possession€or€controlŠ ö&F") Šof€the€State's€Attorney€and€staff€members€andŠ Ģ'#* Šany€others€who€have€participated€in€theŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šinvestigation€or€evaluation€of€the€action€andŠ x)Č$, Šwho€either€regularly€report,€or€withŠ N*ž%- Šreference€to€the€particular€action€haveŠ $+t&. Šreported,€to€the€office€of€the€State'sŠ ś+J'/ ŠAttorney.Š Š, (0 ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(a)ó ó€ņņ(b)óó€ScopeŠ |.Ģ)2 Š‡ą ø ą€€Discovery€and€inspection€pursuant€toŠ ° Šthis€Rule€is€available€in€the€District€CourtŠ †Ö Šin€actions€for€offenses€that€are€punishableŠ \¬ Šby€imprisonment,€andņņ,€except€as€providedŠ 2‚ Šunder€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,€šš11„Š X Š205,óó€shall€be€as€follows:€€Š Ž. ŠĢ€€€€(1)€The€State's€Attorney€shall€furnish€toŠ Š Ś Šthe€defendant€any€material€or€informationŠ ` ° Šņ ņthat€tends€to€negate€or€mitigate€the€guilt€orŠ 6 †  Špunishment€of€the€defendant€as€to€the€offenseŠ  \  Šchargedó ó€ņņprovided€for€in€Rule€4„263€(b)(1),Š ā 2  Šexcept€that€the€State€is€not€required€to€fileŠ ø  Ša€written€statement€that€reasonablyŠ ŽŽ  Šidentifies€the€material€furnishedóó.Š d“  ŠĢ€€€€(2)€Upon€request€of€the€defendant€theŠ `  ŠState's€Attorney€shall€permit€the€defendantŠ ę6 Što€inspect€and€copy€(A)€any€portion€of€aŠ ¼  Šdocument€containing€a€statement€or€containingŠ ’ā Šthe€substance€of€a€statement€made€by€theŠ hø Šdefendant€to€a€State€agent€that€the€StateŠ >Ž Šintends€to€use€at€trial€or€at€any€hearingŠ d Šother€than€a€preliminary€hearing€and€(B)€eachŠ ź: Šwritten€report€or€statement€made€by€an€expertŠ Ą Šwhom€the€State€expects€to€call€as€a€witnessŠ –ę Šat€a€hearing,€other€than€a€preliminaryŠ l¼ Šhearing,€or€trial.€€Š B’ ŠĢ€€€€(3)€Upon€request€of€the€State€theŠ ī> Šdefendant€shall€permit€any€discovery€orŠ Ä Šinspection€specified€in€subsection€ņ ņ(d)(1)ó óŠ šź Šņņ(e)(1)óó€of€Rule€4-263.€€Š pĄ  ŠĢCommittee€note:€€This€Rule€is€not€intended€toŠ !l" Šlimit€the€constitutional€requirement€ofŠ ņ!B# Šdisclosure€by€the€State.€€See€ņņBrady€v.€State,óóŠ Č"$ Š226€Md.€422,€174€A.2d€167€(1961),€aff'd,€373Š ¤#ō% ŠU.S.€83,€83€S.€Ct.€1194,€10€L.€Ed.€2d€215Š z$Ź& Š(1963).€€Š P%  ' ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(b)ó ó€ņņ(c)óó€ProcedureŠ ü&L") ŠĢą ø ą€€The€discovery€and€inspection€requiredŠ Ø(ų#+ Šor€permitted€by€this€Rule€shall€be€completedŠ ~)Ī$, Šbefore€the€hearing€or€trial.€€A€request€forŠ T*¤%- Šdiscovery€and€inspection€and€response€needŠ *+z&. Šnot€be€in€writing€and€need€not€be€filed€withŠ ,P'/ Šthe€court.€€If€a€request€was€made€before€theŠ Ö,&(0 Šdate€of€the€hearing€or€trial€and€the€requestŠ ¬-ü(1 Šwas€refused€or€denied,€the€court€may€grant€aŠ ‚.Ņ)2 Šdelay€or€continuance€in€the€hearing€or€trialŠ ° Što€permit€the€inspection€or€discovery.Š †Ö Š€€ņņ(d)€€Not€to€be€Filed€With€CourtóóŠ \¬ ŠĢą ø ą€€ņņExcept€as€otherwise€provided€in€theseŠ X ŠRules€or€by€order€of€court,€discoveryŠ Ž. Šmaterial€shall€not€be€filed€with€the€court.€Š “  ŠThe€party€generating€the€discovery€materialŠ Š Ś Šshall€retain€the€original€and€shall€make€itŠ ` ° Šavailable€for€inspection€by€any€other€party.€Š 6 †  ŠThis€section€does€not€preclude€the€use€ofŠ  \  Šdiscovery€material€at€trial€or€as€exhibits€toŠ ā 2  Šsupport€or€oppose€motions.óóŠ ø  ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.Š d“  ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€4„262€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š ę6 ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€proposed€amendments€to€Rule€4„262Š ’ā Štrack€the€proposed€amendments€to€Rule€4„263,Š hø Što€the€extent€the€Committee€believesŠ >Ž Šdesirable€in€the€District€Court.Š d ŠĢą ø ąSection€(c)€of€Rule€4„262€is€proposed€toŠ Ą Šbe€moved€to€the€beginning€of€the€Rule€andŠ –ę Šrelettered€(a).€€The€amended€language€of€theŠ l¼ Šsection€tracks€the€language€of€the€comparableŠ B’ Šamendments€to€Rule€4„263,€verbatim.Š h ŠĢą ø ąIn€section€(b),€a€reference€to€Code,Š Ä ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article,€šš11„205€isŠ šź Šproposed€to€be€added€for€the€reason€stated€inŠ pĄ  Šthe€Reporterššs€note€to€Rule€4„263.Š F –! ŠĢą ø ąSubsection€(b)(1)€is€proposed€to€beŠ ņ!B# Šamended€to€clarify€that€the€disclosureŠ Č"$ Šobligations€of€ņņBrady€v.€Marylandóó,€373€U.S.€83Š ž#ī% Š(1963)€apply€in€the€District€Court,€as€wellŠ z$Ź& Šas€in€circuit€court.€€The€amendment€requiresŠ P%  ' Šthe€Stateššs€Attorney€to€furnish€to€theŠ &&v!( Šdefendant€the€material€and€informationŠ ü&L") Šprovided€for€in€Rule€4„263€(b)(1).€€Due€toŠ Ņ'"#* Šthe€volume€of€cases€in€the€District€Court,Š Ø(ų#+ ŠStateššs€Attorneys€believe€that€the€š šwrittenŠ ~)Ī$, Šstatement€that€reasonably€identifies€theŠ T*¤%- Šmaterials€furnished,šš€which€is€included€inŠ *+z&. Šthe€proposed€amendments€to€Rule€4„263,€wouldŠ ,P'/ Šbe€burdensome€in€Rule€4„262.€€The€CommitteeŠ Ö,&(0 Šagrees,€and€has€expressly€excluded€thisŠ ¬-ü(1 Šwritten€statement€from€the€provisions€of€RuleŠ ‚.Ņ)2 Š4„262€(b)(1).Š ° ŠĢą ø ąProposed€new€section€(d)€tracks€theŠ \¬ Šlanguage€of€new€section€(i)€in€Rule€4„263.€Š 2‚ ŠIt€is€added€for€the€reasons€stated€in€theŠ X ŠReporterššs€note€to€that€Rule.Š Ž. ŠĢŌ#† X.žXXX.žŠŖ#ŌĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMr.€Karceski€explained€that€the€provisions€pertaining€toŠ ` ° Šexpert€witnesses€are€different€than€in€Rule€4„263.€€Should€theŠ  \  Šexpert€witness€provisions€be€strengthened€in€Rule€4„262?€€ThereŠ ø  Šare€not€many€expert€witnesses€in€District€Court€cases.€€JudgeŠ d“  ŠDryden€asked€why€the€Rule€is€being€changed.€€He€had€not€heard€anyŠ `  Šcomplaints€as€to€discovery€in€District€Court.€€Mr.€KarceskiŠ ¼  Šresponded€that€a€defendant€in€District€Court€can€be€sent€toŠ hø Šprison,€so€there€must€be€some€level€of€compliance€with€ņņBradyóó.€Š d ŠHowever,€it€would€be€difficult€for€prosecutors€in€District€CourtŠ Ģ Što€comply€with€the€circuit€court€rules.€€The€turnabout€inŠ xČ ŠDistrict€Court€is€much€quicker.€€It€is€difficult€for€a€prosecutorŠ $t Što€exercise€due€diligence€in€identifying€what€must€be€disclosedŠ Š  Šin€District€Court,€because€often€the€prosecutor€does€not€see€theŠ |Ģ  Šcase€file€or€the€witnesses€until€the€day€of€the€trial.€€JudgeŠ (!x" ŠDryden€inquired€as€to€whether€there€have€been€complaints€as€toŠ Ō"$$ Šthe€level€of€compliance.€€Mr.€Karceski€answered€that€he€had€notŠ €$Š& Šheard€of€any€complaints.Š ,&|!( Šą  ąThe€Chair€noted€that€when€the€defense€attorneys€andŠ Ų'(#* Šprosecutors€meet€to€discuss€retention€of€discovery€materials,Š „)Ō$, Šthey€can€address€whether€or€not,€and€to€what€extent,€the€DistrictŠ 0+€&. ŠCourt€rule€should€be€changed€to€mirror€the€circuit€court€rule.€€Š Ü,,(0 ŠIt€is€easy€to€put€the€š šdue€diligencešš€requirement€up€front,Š ˆ.Ų)2 Šbecause€it€is€not€debatable.€€He€asked€how€much€of€subsectionŠ ° Š(b)(1)€should€be€modified€for€District€Court€practice.€€SenatorŠ \¬ ŠStone€responded€that€he€practices€often€in€District€Court€and€hasŠ X Šhad€very€few€problems€with€discovery€there.€€Most€cases€proceedŠ “  Šon€a€statement€of€facts.€€The€prosecutor€gets€the€file€on€the€dayŠ ` ° Šof€the€trial.€€Once€in€a€while€a€prosecutor€will€call€him€aboutŠ  \  Šthe€case€prior€to€the€trial€date,€but€this€does€not€happen€veryŠ ø  Šoften.€€The€Chair€remarked€that€the€Rule€should€not€be€overlyŠ d“  Šburdensome.€€Judge€Norton€said€that€it€would€not€cause€problemsŠ `  Što€modify€subsection€(b)(2)€pertaining€to€expert€witnesses,Š ¼  Šbecause€99%€of€the€cases€in€District€Court€do€not€have€expertŠ hø Šwitnesses.€€Š d Šą  ąMr.€Johnson€commented€that€in€some€District€Court€criminalŠ Ą Šcases,€a€Stateššs€Attorney€is€not€involved€in€the€initiation€ofŠ l¼ Šthe€case.€€A€citizen€may€go€to€a€District€Court€commissioner€toŠ h Šfile€charges.€€Are€the€discovery€rules€imposing€the€obligationsŠ Ä Šon€citizens?€€The€Chair€responded€that€he€and€Mr.€Dean€had€beenŠ pĄ  Šbefore€the€House€Judiciary€Committee€in€favor€of€a€bill€toŠ !l" Šinvolve€the€Stateššs€Attorney€in€the€initiation€of€every€case,€soŠ Č"$ Šthe€Stateššs€Attorney€can€evaluate€whether€charges€should€beŠ t$Ä& Šbrought.€€The€Judiciary€Committee€was€not€sympathetic€to€theirŠ  &p!( Šcause.€€It€would€be€helpful€to€hear€what€the€defense€bar€and€theŠ Ģ'#* Šprosecutors€suggest€about€changing€Rule€4„262.€€Judge€DrydenŠ x)Č$, Špointed€out€that€an€appeal€from€a€District€Court€judgment€ofŠ $+t&. Šconviction€is€ņņde€novoóó.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€remarked€that€nevertheless,Š Š, (0 Šthe€Rule€may€need€to€be€changed.€€The€š šdue€diligencešš€requirementŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šis€not€in€the€existing€Rule,€and€sometimes€there€is€as€close€toŠ ° Šzero€effort€as€possible€to€speak€to€witnesses.€€The€Rule€shouldŠ \¬ Šstrike€a€balance€between€providing€ņņBradyóó€information€to€theŠ X Šdefendant€and€not€putting€an€undue€burden€on€the€State.€€TheŠ Ą  ŠChair€stated€that€the€Rule€will€be€considered€by€the€prosecutorsŠ l ¼ Šand€the€defense€bar€around€the€State.Š  h  ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€4.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€amendments€to€Rule€Š šź  Š€€4„343€(Sentencing€„€Procedure€in€Capital€Cases)Š pĄ  Š_________________________________________________________________Š F–  ŠĢÓÓą  ąMr.€Karceski€presented€Rule€4„343,€Sentencing€„€Procedure€inŠ ņB ŠCapital€Cases,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.€Š žī ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ  p ŠĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ Ģ ŠĢą@ō ō ģąCHAPTER€300€„€TRIAL€AND€SENTENCINGˆŠ xČ ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„343€to€conform€Part€IV€ofŠ śJ Šsection€(h)€to€the€recommendations€of€theŠ Š  ŠPattern€Jury€Instructions€Committee€and€toŠ ¦ö Šchange€the€word€š šprovenšš€to€š šproved,šš€asŠ |Ģ  Šfollows:Š R ¢! ŠĢĢRule€4„343.€€SENTENCING€„€PROCEDURE€INŠ Ō"$$ ŠCAPITAL€CASESŠ Ŗ#ś% ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š V%¦ ' ŠĢ€€(h)€€Form€of€Written€Findings€andŠ 'R") ŠDeterminationsŠ Ų'(#* ŠĢą ø ą€€Except€as€otherwise€provided€inŠ „)Ō$, Šsection€(i)€of€this€Rule,€the€findings€andŠ Z*Ŗ%- Šdeterminations€shall€be€made€in€writing€inŠ 0+€&. Šthe€following€form:Š ,V'/ ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓŠ  ˆ.Ų)2 Šą@XX%ģą(CAPTION)€€ˆŠ ° Šą@Œ Œ ģąFINDINGS€AND€SENTENCING€DETERMINATION€€€ˆŠ \¬ Šą@ō ō ģąVICTIM:€€[Name€of€murder€victim]€€ˆŠ X Šą@XX%ģąņņSection€Ió󀀈Š “  Šą  ąBased€upon€the€evidence,€we€unanimously€find€that€each€ofŠ l ¼ Šthe€following€statements€marked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó"€has€been€ņ ņprovenó óŠ  h  Šņņprovedóó€BEYOND€A€REASONABLE€DOUBT€and€that€each€of€thoseŠ Ä  Šstatements€marked€"not€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó"€has€not€been€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóóŠ pĄ  ŠBEYOND€A€REASONABLE€DOUBT.€€Š l  Š€€€€1.€The€defendant€was€a€principal€in€the€first€degree€to€theŠ Č Šmurder.€Š tÄ ŠÓӀ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š  p Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š öF Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š Ģ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ ¢ņ ŠĢ€€€€2.€The€defendant€engaged€or€employed€another€person€to€commitŠ Nž ŠĢthe€murder€and€the€murder€was€committed€under€an€agreement€orŠ śJ ŠĢcontract€for€remuneration€or€the€promise€of€remuneration.€Š ¦ö ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š R ¢! Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š (!x" Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š ž!N# Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ Ō"$$ ŠĢ€€€€3.€The€victim€was€a€law€enforcement€officer€who,€while€in€theŠ €$Š& ŠĢperformance€of€the€officer's€duties,€was€murdered€by€one€or€moreŠ ,&|!( ŠĢpersons,€and€the€defendant€was€a€principal€in€the€second€degreeŠ Ų'(#* ŠĢwho:€€(A)€willfully,€deliberately,€and€with€premeditationŠ „)Ō$, ŠĢintended€the€death€of€the€law€enforcement€officer;€(B)€was€aŠ 0+€&. ŠĢmajor€participant€in€the€murder;€and€(C)€was€actually€present€atŠ Ü,,(0 ŠĢthe€time€and€place€of€the€murder.€Š ˆ.Ų)2 Š‡€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š ° Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š †Ö Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š \¬ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ 2‚ ŠĢ(If€one€or€more€of€the€above€are€marked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€proceedŠ Ž. Što€Section€II.€€If€all€are€marked€"not€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€proceed€toŠ “  ŠSection€VI€and€enter€"Imprisonment€for€Life.")Š Š Ś ŠĢĢą@XX%ģąņņSection€IIó󀈩  \  ŠĢ€€€€Based€upon€the€evidence,€we€unanimously€find€that€theŠ ¾  ŠĢfollowing€statement,€if€marked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€has€been€provenŠ jŗ  ŠĢņņprovedóó€BY€A€PREPONDERANCE€OF€THE€EVIDENCE€or€that,€if€marked€"notŠ f  ŠĢņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€it€has€not€been€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó€BY€A€PREPONDERANCEŠ Ā ŠĢOF€THE€EVIDENCE.€Š n¾ ŠĢ€€€€At€the€time€the€murder€was€committed,€the€defendant€wasŠ j ŠĢmentally€retarded.€Š Ę Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š œģ Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š rĀ Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š H˜ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ n ŠĢ(If€the€above€statement€is€marked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€proceed€toŠ Ź ŠSection€VI€and€enter€"Imprisonment€for€Life."€If€it€is€markedŠ  š Š"not€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€complete€Section€III.)€Š vĘ  ŠĢĢą@$ģąņņSection€IIIó󀈩 ų!H# ŠĢ€€€€Based€upon€the€evidence,€we€unanimously€find€that€each€of€theŠ Ŗ#ś% ŠĢfollowing€aggravating€circumstances€that€is€marked€"ņ ņprovenó óŠ V%¦ ' ŠĢņņprovedóó"€has€been€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó€BEYOND€A€REASONABLE€DOUBT€and€weŠ 'R") ŠĢunanimously€find€that€each€of€the€aggravating€circumstancesŠ ®(ž#+ ŠĢmarked€"not€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó"€has€not€been€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó€BEYOND€AŠ Z*Ŗ%- ŠĢREASONABLE€DOUBT.€Š ,V'/ ŠĢĢ€€€€1.€The€victim€was€a€law€enforcement€officer€who,€while€in€theŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Š‡performance€of€the€officer's€duties,€was€murdered€by€one€or€moreŠ ° ŠĢpersons.€Š \¬ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š X Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š Ž. Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š “  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ Š Ś ŠĢ€€€€2.€The€defendant€committed€the€murder€at€a€time€when€confinedŠ 6 †  ŠĢin€a€correctional€facility.€Š ā 2  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š ŽŽ  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š d“  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š :Š  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ `  ŠĢ€€€€3.€The€defendant€committed€the€murder€in€furtherance€of€anŠ ¼  ŠĢescape€from€or€an€attempt€to€escape€from€or€evade€the€lawfulŠ hø ŠĢcustody,€arrest,€or€detention€of€or€by€an€officer€or€guard€of€aŠ d ŠĢcorrectional€facility€or€by€a€law€enforcement€officer.€Š Ą ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š l¼ Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š B’ Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š h Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ ī> ŠĢ€€€€4.€The€victim€was€taken€or€attempted€to€be€taken€in€theŠ šź ŠĢcourse€of€a€kidnapping€or€abduction€or€an€attempt€to€kidnap€orŠ F –! ŠĢabduct.€Š ņ!B# ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š ž#ī% Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š t$Ä& Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š J%š ' Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ  &p!( ŠĢ€€€€5.€The€victim€was€a€child€abducted€in€violation€of€Code,Š Ģ'#* ŠĢCriminal€Law€Article,€šš3-503€(a)(1).€Š x)Č$, Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š N*ž%- Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š $+t&. Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š ś+J'/ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ą€€€€€€€€ņņprovedóóŠ Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€6.€The€defendant€committed€the€murder€under€an€agreement€orŠ |.Ģ)2 Š‡contract€for€remuneration€or€the€promise€of€remuneration€toŠ ° ŠĢcommit€the€murder.€Š \¬ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š X Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š Ž. Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š “  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ Š Ś ŠĢ€€€€7.€The€defendant€engaged€or€employed€another€person€to€commitŠ 6 †  ŠĢthe€murder€and€the€murder€was€committed€under€an€agreement€orŠ ā 2  ŠĢcontract€for€remuneration€or€the€promise€of€remuneration.€Š ŽŽ  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š :Š  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š `  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š ę6 Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ ¼  ŠĢĢ€€€€8.€At€the€time€of€the€murder,€the€defendant€was€under€theŠ >Ž ŠĢsentence€of€death€or€imprisonment€for€life.€Š ź: ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š –ę Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š l¼ Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š B’ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ h ŠĢ€€€€9.€The€defendant€committed€more€than€one€offense€of€murder€inŠ Ä ŠĢthe€first€degree€arising€out€of€the€same€incident.€Š pĄ  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š !l" Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š ņ!B# Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š Č"$ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ ž#ī% ŠĢ€€€€10.€The€defendant€committed€the€murder€while€committing€orŠ J%š ' ŠĢattempting€to€commit€a€carjacking,€armed€carjacking,€robbery,Š ö&F") ŠĢunder€Code,€Criminal€Law€Article,€šš3-402€or€šš3-403,€arson€in€theŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢfirst€degree,€rape€in€the€first€degree,€or€sexual€offense€in€theŠ N*ž%- ŠĢfirst€degree.€Š ś+J'/ ŠĢŠ  ¦-ö(1 Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š ° Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņprovenó 󀀀€€€not€€Š †Ö Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ņņprovedó󀀀€€ņ ņprovenó ó€Š \¬ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ą€€€ņņprovedóóŠ 2‚ ŠĢ(If€one€or€more€of€the€above€are€marked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€completeŠ Ž. ŠSection€IV.€€If€all€of€the€above€are€marked€"not€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"Š “  Šdo€not€complete€Sections€IV€and€V€and€proceed€to€Section€VI€andŠ Š Ś Šenter€"Imprisonment€for€Life.")€Š ` ° ŠĢ€€€€Š  \  Šą@XX%ģąņņSection€IVó󀈩 ā 2  ŠĢ€€€€Based€upon€the€evidence,€we€make€the€following€determinationsŠ ”ä  ŠĢas€to€mitigating€circumstances:€Š @  ŠĢ€€€€1.€The€defendant€has€not€previously€(i)€been€found€guilty€ofŠ ģ< ŠĢa€crime€of€violence;€(ii)€entered€a€plea€of€guilty€or€noloŠ ˜č ŠĢcontendere€to€a€charge€of€a€crime€of€violence;€or€(iii)€beenŠ D” ŠĢgranted€probation€before€judgment€for€a€crime€of€violence.€Š š@ ŠĢ€€€€(As€used€in€the€preceding€paragraph,€"crime€of€violence"Š œģ ŠĢmeans€abduction,€arson€in€the€first€degree,€carjacking,€armedŠ H˜ ŠĢcarjacking,€escape€in€the€first€degree,€kidnapping,€mayhem,Š ōD ŠĢmurder,€robbery€under€Code,€Criminal€Law€Article,€šš3-402€or€Š  š ŠĢšš3-403,€rape€in€the€first€or€second€degree,€sexual€offense€in€the€Š L œ! ŠĢfirst€or€second€degree,€manslaughter€other€than€involuntaryŠ ų!H# ŠĢmanslaughter,€an€attempt€to€commit€any€of€these€offenses,€or€theŠ ¤#ō% ŠĢuse€of€a€handgun€in€the€commission€of€a€felony€or€another€crimeŠ P%  ' ŠĢof€violence.)€Š ü&L") ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ Ø(ų#+ ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ T*¤%- ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€above€Š ,P'/ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š ¬-ü(1 ŠŠ ‚.Ņ)2 Š€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ ° ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ \¬ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.€Š X ŠĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ “  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderanceó óŠ ` ° ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ  \  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š ø  ŠĢ€€€€2.€The€victim€was€a€participant€in€the€defendant's€conduct€orŠ d“  ŠĢconsented€to€the€act€which€caused€the€victim's€death.€Š `  ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ ¼  ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ hø ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€above€Š d ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š Ą ŠĢ€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó 󀀩 l¼ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ h ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.€Š Ä ŠĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ pĄ  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderanceó óŠ !l" ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ Č"$ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š t$Ä& ŠĢ€€€€3.€The€defendant€acted€under€substantial€duress,€domination,Š  &p!( ŠĢor€provocation€of€another€person,€even€though€not€so€substantialŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢas€to€constitute€a€complete€defense€to€the€prosecution.€Š x)Č$, ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ $+t&. ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ |.Ģ)2 Š‡€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š ° ŠĢ€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ \¬ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ X ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.€Š “  ŠĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ ` ° ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€ņ ņfind€by€a€preponderanceó óŠ  \  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ ø  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š d“  ŠĢ€€€€4.€The€murder€was€committed€while€the€capacity€of€theŠ `  ŠĢdefendant€to€appreciate€the€criminality€of€his€or€her€conduct€orŠ ¼  ŠĢto€conform€his€or€her€conduct€to€the€requirements€of€law€wasŠ hø ŠĢsubstantially€impaired€as€a€result€of€mental€incapacity,€mentalŠ d ŠĢdisorder,€or€emotional€disturbance.€Š Ą ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ l¼ ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ h ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ Ä ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š pĄ  ŠĢ€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ !l" Š€Ģ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ Č"$ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.€Š t$Ä& ŠĢĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ ö&F") ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderanceó óŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ N*ž%- ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š ś+J'/ ŠĢ€€€€5.€The€defendant€was€of€a€youthful€age€at€the€time€of€theŠ ¦-ö(1 ŠŠ |.Ģ)2 Šmurder.€Š ° ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ \¬ ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ X ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ “  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š ` ° ŠĢ€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ  \  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ ø  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.€Š d“  ŠĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ `  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderanceó óŠ ¼  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ hø ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š d ŠĢ€€€€6.€The€act€of€the€defendant€was€not€the€sole€proximate€causeŠ Ą ŠĢof€the€victim's€death.€Š l¼ ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ h ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ Ä ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ pĄ  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š !l" ŠĢ€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ Č"$ ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ t$Ä& ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.Š  &p!( ŠĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderanceó óŠ x)Č$, ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ $+t&. ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€7.€It€is€unlikely€that€the€defendant€will€engage€in€furtherŠ |.Ģ)2 Š‡criminal€activity€that€would€constitute€a€continuing€threat€toŠ ° ŠĢsociety.€Š \¬ ŠĢą@šš"ģą(Mark€only€one.)€ˆŠ X ŠĢ€€[€]€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ “  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ ` ° ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€exists.€Š  \  ŠĢ€€[€]€(b)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ ø  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€aboveŠ d“  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€circumstance€does€not€exist.€Š `  ŠĢ€€[€]€(c)€After€a€reasonable€period€of€deliberation,€one€or€moreŠ ¼  ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderanceó óŠ hø ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€ņ ņof€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€thatŠ d ŠĢ€€€€€€€€€€the€above€circumstance€exists.€Š Ą ŠĢ€€€€8.€(a)€We€unanimously€find€ņ ņby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceó óŠ l¼ ŠĢņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€that€the€following€additionalŠ h ŠĢmitigating€circumstances€exist:€Š Ä ŠĢ________________________________________________________________Š pĄ  ŠĢ________________________________________________________________Š !l" Š€Ģ________________________________________________________________Š Č"$ ŠĢĢ________________________________________________________________€Š J%š ' Š(Use€reverse€side€if€necessary)€Š  &p!( ŠĢ€€€€(b)€One€or€more€of€us,€but€fewer€than€all€12,€find€ņ ņby€aó óŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢņ ņpreponderance€of€the€evidenceó ó€ņņthat€it€is€more€likely€than€notóó€Š x)Č$, ŠĢthat€the€following€additional€mitigating€circumstances€exist:€Š $+t&. ŠĢ________________________________________________________________Š Š, (0 ŠĢ________________________________________________________________Š |.Ģ)2 Š‡________________________________________________________________Š ° ŠĢ________________________________________________________________€Š \¬ Š(Use€reverse€side€if€necessary)€Š 2‚ ŠĢ(If€the€jury€unanimously€determines€in€Section€IV€that€noŠ Ž. ŠĢmitigating€circumstances€exist,€do€not€complete€Section€V.Š Š Ś ŠĢProceed€to€Section€VI€and€enter€"Death."€€If€the€jury€or€anyŠ 6 †  ŠĢjuror€determines€that€one€or€more€mitigating€circumstances€exist,Š ā 2  ŠĢcomplete€Section€V.)€Š ŽŽ  ŠĢĢą@””%ģąņņSection€V€óóˆŠ `  ŠĢÓӀ€€€Each€individual€juror€shall€weigh€the€aggravatingŠ Ā Šcircumstances€found€unanimously€to€exist€against€any€mitigatingŠ n¾ Šcircumstances€found€unanimously€to€exist,€as€well€as€against€anyŠ j Šmitigating€circumstance€found€by€that€individual€juror€to€exist.€Š Ę Š€€€€We€unanimously€find€that€the€State€has€ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó€BY€AŠ rĀ ŠPREPONDERANCE€OF€THE€EVIDENCE€that€the€aggravating€circumstancesŠ n Šmarked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó"€in€Section€III€outweigh€the€mitigatingŠ Ź Šcircumstances€in€Section€IV.€Š vĘ  ŠÓӀ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€______€€€€€______€Š "!r" Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€yes€€€€€€€€€no€€€Š ų!H# ŠĢĢą@””%ģąņņSection€VIóóˆŠ z$Ź& ŠĢ€€€€Enter€the€determination€of€sentence€either€"Imprisonment€forŠ ,&|!( ŠĢLife"€or€"Death"€according€to€the€following€instructions:€Š Ų'(#* ŠĢ€€€€1.€If€all€of€the€answers€in€Section€I€are€marked€"not€Š „)Ō$, ŠĢņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€enter€"Imprisonment€for€Life."€Š 0+€&. ŠĢ€€€€2.€If€the€answer€in€Section€II€is€marked€"ņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"Š Ü,,(0 ŠĢenter€"Imprisonment€for€Life."€Š ˆ.Ų)2 Š‡€€€€3.€If€all€of€the€answers€in€Section€III€are€marked€"notŠ ° ŠĢņ ņprovenó ó€ņņprovedóó,"€enter€"Imprisonment€for€Life."€Š \¬ ŠĢ€€€€4.€If€Section€IV€was€completed€and€the€jury€unanimouslyŠ X ŠĢdetermined€that€no€mitigating€circumstance€exists,€enter€"Death."€Š “  ŠĢ€€€€5.€If€Section€V€was€completed€and€marked€"no,"€enterŠ ` ° ŠĢ"Imprisonment€for€Life."€Š  \  ŠĢ€€€€6.€If€Section€V€was€completed€and€marked€"yes,"€enterŠ ø  ŠĢ"Death."€Š d“  ŠĢĢWe€unanimously€determine€the€sentence€to€be€____________________.Š ę6 ŠĢ€€€.€.€.€Š ’ā ŠĢĢą  ąRule€4„343€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š d ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąTo€conform€Rule€4„343€to€modern€usageŠ Ą Šand€to€the€Maryland€Pattern€JuryŠ –ę ŠInstructions,€the€Criminal€SubcommitteeŠ l¼ Šrecommends€changing€the€word€š šprovenšš€toŠ B’ Šš šproved.ššŠ h ŠĢą ø ąIn€footnote€5€of€ņņConyers€v.€Stateóó,€354Š Ä ŠMd.€132€(1999),€the€Court€of€Appeals€pointedŠ  š Šout€that€the€language€š šfacts€orŠ vĘ  Šcircumstancesšš€might€be€more€appropriate€inŠ L œ! ŠPart€IV€of€the€capital€sentencing€form€thanŠ "!r" Šthe€word€š ševidence,šš€because€the€judge€orŠ ų!H# Šjury€considers€more€than€evidence€inŠ Ī"$ Šdetermining€mitigating€circumstances.€€TheŠ ¤#ō% ŠPattern€Jury€Instructions€CommitteeŠ z$Ź& Šrecommends€substituting€the€language€š šthat€itŠ P%  ' Šis€more€likely€than€notšš€in€place€of€theŠ &&v!( Šlanguage€š šby€a€preponderance€of€theŠ ü&L") Ševidence.šš€€This€leaves€in€a€burden€of€proofŠ Ņ'"#* Šstandard,€yet€avoids€the€use€of€the€wordŠ Ø(ų#+ Šš ševidence.ššŠ ~)Ī$, ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMr.€Karceski€explained€that€in€the€verdict€sheet€form€forŠ ,P'/ Šcapital€cases€that€is€set€forth€in€the€Maryland€Pattern€JuryŠ ¬-ü(1 ŠŌ_ŌInstructions,Ō_Ō€the€word€š šprovenšš€has€been€changed€to€the€wordŠ ° Šš šproved.šš€€Therefore,€this€change€is€being€made€to€the€FindingsŠ \¬ Šand€Sentencing€Determination€form€in€Rule€4„343.€€In€ņņConyers€v.Š X ŠState,óó€354€Md.€132€(1999),€the€Court€remarked€that€the€wordŠ Ą  Šš ševidencešš€may€not€be€appropriate€in€Section€IV€of€the€form,Š x Č Šbecause€what€the€jury€considers€in€determining€mitigatingŠ $ t  Šcircumstances€goes€beyond€a€consideration€of€evidence.€€In€herŠ Š  Šletter€of€May€25,€2006,€Ms.€Forster€addresses€this€issue,Š |Ģ  Šsuggesting€that€the€Rules€Committee€consider€replacing€the€wordŠ (x  Šš ševidencešš€in€the€introductory€clause€to€Section€IV€withŠ Ō$ Šš ševidence,€facts,€circumstances,€and€considerations.šš€€Mr.Š €Š ŠKarceski€asked€the€Committee€if€the€word€š ševidencešš€should€beŠ ,| Šexpanded,€and€by€consensus,€the€Committee€agreed€that€it€should.€€Š Ų( Šą  ąThe€Chair€questioned€as€to€what€facts€and€circumstancesŠ „Ō Šwould€not€be€part€of€the€evidence.€€Mr.€Dean€replied€thatŠ 0€ Šallocution€of€the€defendant€and€argument€of€counsel€would€not€beŠ Ü, Špart€of€the€evidence€yet€would€be€considered€by€the€jury.€€JudgeŠ ˆŲ  ŠMcAuliffe€suggested€that€the€language€should€be€š šbased€upon€theŠ 4!„" Šfacts€and€circumstances€of€the€case.šš€€He€questioned€the€use€ofŠ ą"0$ Šthe€word€š šconsiderations,šš€stating€that€the€word€š šcircumstancesššŠ Œ$Ü& Šencompasses€it.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€the€language€should€beŠ 8&ˆ!( Šš šfrom€our€consideration€of€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€thisŠ ä'4#* Šcase.šš€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€agreed€to€this€suggestion.€Š )ą$, ŠMr.€Sykes€asked€if€this€change€would€be€made€to€all€of€theŠ <+Œ&. Šsections€of€the€form,€and€Mr.€Dean€answered€that€the€change€wouldŠ č,8(0 Šonly€be€made€to€the€introductory€portion€of€Section€IV.€€HeŠ ”.ä)2 Šstated€that€in€the€rest€of€Section€IV,€the€Criminal€SubcommitteeŠ ° Šrecommends€that€the€phrase€š šby€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceššŠ \¬ Šbe€replaced€by€the€phrase€š šthat€it€is€more€likely€than€not.šš€€Mr.Š X ŠSykes€remarked€that€other€than€in€Section€IV,€determinations€mustŠ “  Šbe€made€on€facts€based€on€the€evidence.€€By€consensus,€theŠ ` ° ŠCommittee€approved€the€Rule€as€amended.Š  \  ŠÓÓą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąĢAgenda€Item€5.€€Consideration€of€a€certain€policy€questionŠ ŽŽ  Š€€concerning€Rule€4„345€(Sentencing€š!š€Ō_ŌRevisoryŌ_Ō€Power€of€Court)Š d“  Š€€(See€Appendix€5)Š :Š  Š_________________________________________________________________Š `  ŠĢÓÓą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€presented€Rule€4„345,€Sentencing€„„€Ō_ŌRevisoryŌ_ŌŠ ¼  ŠPower€of€Court,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š hø Šą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€told€the€Committee€that€Judge€Ō_ŌBattagliaŌ_Ō€hadŠ d Šraised€a€question€as€to€whether€the€90„day€period€for€a€motion€toŠ Ą Šmodify€a€sentence€should€be€changed€to€30€days.€€In€her€letter€ofŠ l¼ ŠMay€25,€2006,€Ms.€Forster€expresses€the€view€that€the€90„day€timeŠ h Šperiod€should€not€be€changed.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌKarceskiŌ_Ō€commented€that€he€didŠ Ä Šnot€know€the€derivation€of€the€90„day€period€and€he€asked€theŠ pĄ  ŠCommittee€if€there€are€any€serious€drawbacks€to€changing€theŠ !l" Šperiod€to€30€days.€€The€Chair€said€that€this€issue€had€beenŠ Č"$ Šdiscussed€previously,€and€Judge€Ō_ŌMcAuliffeŌ_Ō€had€recommended€thatŠ t$Ä& Šthe€90„day€period€be€retained.€€Criminal€practitioners€understandŠ  &p!( Šthe€90„day€period,€and€it€works€well.€€Judge€Kaplan€added€thatŠ Ģ'#* Šanother€reason€the€Committee€decided€to€keep€the€90„day€timeŠ x)Č$, Šperiod€was€to€avoid€trapping€anyone€not€familiar€with€theŠ $+t&. Špotential€30„day€period.€€The€Chair€stated€that€he€would€explain€Š  Š, (0 Što€Judge€Ō_ŌBattagliaŌ_Ō€why€the€Committee€feels€the€90„day€periodŠ ° Šshould€be€retained.Š \¬ Šą  ąThe€Chair€adjourned€the€meeting.