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ÐÐ ..~)/ Ї€€(a)€€Duty€of€Attorney€ChargedÌÌà ¸ à€€An€attorney€who€is€charged€with€a€crimeÏin€this€State€or€in€any€other€jurisdictionÏshall€promptly€inform€Bar€Counsel€in€writing€ofÏthe€criminal€charge.€€Thereafter,€the€attorneyÏshall€promptly€notify€Bar€Counsel€of€theÏdisposition€of€the€charge.ÌÌCross€reference:€€Rule€16„701€(j).ÌÌ€€(b)€€Duty€of€Bar€CounselÌÌ€€€€(1)€€Serious€CrimeÌÌà ¸ à€€€€Upon€receipt€of€information€from€anyÏsource€that€an€attorney€has€been€convicted€of€aÏserious€crime€(whether€sentenced€or€not),Ïwhether€the€conviction€results€from€a€plea€ofÏguilty€or€of€nolo€contendere€or€from€a€verdictÏafter€trial,€and€regardless€of€the€pendency€ofÏan€appeal€or€any€other€post„convictionÏproceeding,€Bar€Counsel€shall€file€a€petitionÏfor€disciplinary€action€in€the€Court€of€AppealsÏpursuant€to€Rule€16„731€and€serve€the€attorneyÏin€accordance€with€section€(b)€of€Rule€16„708.€ÏThe€petition€shall€allege€the€fact€of€theÏconviction€and€include€a€request€that€theÏattorney€be€suspended€immediately€from€theÏpractice€of€law.€€A€certified€copy€of€theÏjudgment€of€conviction€shall€be€attached€to€theÏpetition€and€shall€be€prima€facie€evidence€ofÏthe€fact€that€the€attorney€was€convicted€of€theÏcrime€charged.ÌÌ€€€€(2)€€Other€CrimesÌÌà ¸ à€€€€Upon€receipt€of€information€from€anyÏsource€that€an€attorney€has€been€convicted€of€aÏcrime€other€than€a€serious€crime,€whether€theÏconviction€results€from€a€plea€of€guilty€or€ofÏnolo€contendere€or€from€a€verdict€after€trial,ÏBar€Counsel€shall€investigate€the€matter€andÏproceed€as€appropriate€under€Rule€Ì16„711.€€If€the€Court€of€Appeals€dismisses€aÏpetition€filed€under€subsection€(b)(1)€of€thisÏRule€on€the€ground€that€the€crime€is€not€aÏserious€crime,€Bar€Counsel€may€file€a€statementÐ ..~)/ Ðof€charges€under€Rule16„713.ÌÌ€€(c)€€Temporary€Suspension€of€AttorneyÌÌà ¸ à€€Upon€filing€of€the€petition€pursuant€toÏsubsection€(b)(1)€of€this€Rule,€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€shall€issue€an€order€requiring€theÏattorney€within€15€days€from€the€date€of€theÏorder€to€show€cause€why€the€attorney€should€notÏbe€suspended€immediately€from€the€practice€ofÏlaw€until€the€further€order€of€the€Court€ofÏAppeals.€€Upon€consideration€of€the€petitionÏand€the€answer€to€the€order€to€show€cause,€theÏCourt€of€Appeals,€upon€a€determination€that€theÏattorney€has€been€convicted€of€a€serious€crime,Ïshall€enter€an€order€suspending€the€attorneyÏfrom€the€practice€of€law€until€finalÏdisposition€of€the€disciplinary€action.€€TheÏprovisions€of€Rule€16„737€apply€to€an€orderÏsuspending€an€attorney€under€this€section.€€TheÏCourt€of€Appeals€shall€vacate€the€order€andÏterminate€the€suspension€if€the€conviction€isÏreversed€or€vacated€at€any€stage€of€appellateÏreview.ÌññÓÝ ÓññCommittee€note:€€Under€this€provision,Ïdiscretion€as€to€whether€to€suspend€theÏattorney€who€has€been€convicted€of€a€seriousÏcrime€no€longer€exists;€the€suspension€isÏmandatory.ÌÌ€€(d)€€Further€Proceedings€on€PetitionÌÌà ¸ à€€When€a€petition€filed€pursuant€toÏsubsection€(b)(1)€of€this€Rule€alleges€theÏconviction€of€a€serious€crime,€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€may€enter€an€order€assigning€theÏpetition€pursuant€to€Rule€16„732€for€a€hearingÏin€accordance€with€Rule€16„735€to€determine€theÏnature€and€extent€of€the€misconduct.€€If€theÏattorney€appeals€the€conviction,€the€hearing€onÏthe€petition€shall€be€delayed€until€theÏcompletion€of€appellate€review.€€If€theÏconviction€is€reversed€or€vacated€at€any€stageÏof€appellate€review,€the€court€to€which€theÏaction€is€assigned€shall€either€dismiss€theÏpetition€or€hear€the€action€on€the€basis€ofÏevidence€other€than€the€conviction.€€If€theÏconviction€is€not€reversed€or€vacated€after€theÐ ..~)/ Ðcompletion€of€appellate€review,€the€hearingÏshall€be€held€within€a€reasonable€time€afterÏthe€mandate€is€issued.€€If€no€appeal€from€theÏconviction€is€taken,€the€hearing€shall€be€heldÏwithin€a€reasonable€time€after€the€time€forÏappeal€has€expired.€€However,€if€the€attorneyÏis€incarcerated€as€a€result€of€the€conviction,Ïthe€hearing€shall€be€delayed€until€theÏtermination€of€incarceration€unless€theÏattorney€(1)€requests€an€earlier€hearing€andÏ(2)€makes€all€arrangements€(including€financialÏarrangements)€for€attending€the€earlier€hearingÏon€the€scheduled€date.€€ÌÌ€€(e)€€Conclusive€Effect€of€Final€Conviction€ofÏCrimeÌÌà ¸ à€€In€any€proceeding€under€this€Chapter,€aÏfinal€judgment€of€any€court€of€recordÏconvicting€an€attorney€of€a€crime,€whether€theÏconviction€results€from€a€plea€of€guilty€or€ofÏnolo€contendere€or€from€a€verdict€after€trial,Ïis€conclusive€evidence€of€the€guilt€of€theÏattorney€of€that€crime.€€The€introduction€ofÏsuch€evidence€does€not€preclude€the€CommissionÏor€Bar€Counsel€from€introducing€additionalÏevidence€nor€does€it€preclude€the€attorney€fromÏintroducing€evidence€or€otherwise€showing€causeÏwhy€no€discipline€should€be€imposed.€€ÌññÓÝ ÓññÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€in€part€derived€fromÏformer€Rules€16„710€(e)€(BV10€e)€and€16„716Ï(BV16)€and€in€part€new.€€ÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€16„721€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter'sÌÌNote.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àSection€(a)€is€new.€€It€is€derived€fromÏRule€1:20„13(a)(1)€of€the€New€Jersey€Rules.€ÏFor€clarification€the€Subcommittee€added€aÏcross€reference€to€the€definition€of€"seriousÏcrime"€in€Rule€16„701€(j).ÌÌà ¸ àSubsection€(b)(1)€is€derived€from€formerÏRule€BV16€a€2,€with€style€changes.€€It€isÏimportant€to€note€that€immediate€suspension€isÐ ..~)/ Ðan€interim€remedy€and€that€the€petition€seeksÏan€ultimate€disposition€that€may€includeÏdisbarment.ÌÌà ¸ àSubsection€(b)(2)€is€added€to€clarify€BarÏCounsel's€authority€to€investigate€and€bring€aÏdisciplinary€proceeding€against€an€attorneyÏconvicted€of€any€crime€that€does€not€constituteÏa€"serious€crime"€if€the€facts€on€which€theÏconviction€is€based€constitute€professionalÏmisconduct.ÌÌà ¸ àSection€(c)€is€derived€without€substantiveÏchange€from€former€Rule€BV16€b.€€InterimÏsuspension€of€an€attorney,€pending€appeal€fromÏa€conviction,€has€not€been€automatic€inÏMaryland.€€òòSeeóó,€e.g.,€òòAGC€v.€Liebermanóó,€342€Md.Ð Ð  Ð508€(1996)€(conviction€for€money„launderingÏconspiracy;€interim€suspension€denied);€òòAGC€v.Ð ”ä ÐBereanoóó,€338€Md.€475€(1995)€(mail€fraudÐ vÆ Ðconviction,€interim€suspension€denied);€òòAGC€v.Ð X¨ ÐProtokowiczóó,€326€Md.€714€(1992)€(guilty€plea€toÐ :Š Ðbreaking€and€entering€dwelling€and€cruellyÏkilling€animal;€interim€suspension€ordered).€ÏAs€the€Court€of€Appeals€has€observed,€"RuleÏBV16€authorizes€an€interim€suspension;€it€doesÏnot€mandate€such€action."€€òòIdóó.,€at€718.€€TheÐ ¤ô ÐSubcommittee,€as€a€matter€of€policy,€hasÏdrafted€section€(c)€so€as€to€mandate€theÏtemporary€suspension€of€the€convicted€attorneyÏupon€a€determination€that€the€attorney€has€beenÏconvicted€of€a€serious€crime.€€Once€thatÏdetermination€is€made,€suspension€should€beÏimposed€without€weighing€other€factors€andÏwithout€delay.€€The€automatic€suspension€ofÏattorneys€convicted€of€serious€crime€is€aÏpolicy€strongly€endorsed€by€the€American€BarÏAssociation€(òòseeóó€commentary€to€A.B.A.€ModelÐ Z%ª % ÐRule€19)€and€has€been€adopted€in€manyÏjurisdictions,€including€Rule€XI€ðð10(c)€of€theÏDistrict€of€Columbia€Bar€and€New€Jersey€RuleÏ1:20„13(b).€€Automatic€suspension€rules€areÏalso€in€force€in€Alabama,€Alaska,€Arizona,ÏFlorida,€Kansas,€Kentucky,€Michigan,ÏMississippi,€Nevada,€New€York,€North€Dakota,ÏOhio,€Oklahoma,€South€Carolina,€Tennessee,ÏTexas,€and€Wyoming.€€If€an€attorney€isÏsuspended€pending€appeal€from€the€conviction,Ð ..~)/ Ðthe€attorney€must€comply€with€that€order€andÏany€conditions€in€accordance€with€Rule€16„737.€ÏThe€final€sentence€of€section€(c)€is€derivedÏfrom€the€third€sentence€of€former€Rule€BV16€c.ÌÌà ¸ àSection€(d)€is€derived€from€former€RuleÏBV16€c.€€The€former€rule€contemplated€"furtherÏproceedings"€only€in€cases€where€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€suspended€an€attorney.€€However,Ïbecause€that€Court€may€exercise€its€discretionÏnot€to€suspend€an€attorney€pending€appeal,Ï"further€proceedings"€should€be€orderedÏwhenever€the€petition€alleges€the€conviction€ofÏa€serious€crime.€€Section€(d)€thus€contemplatesÏfurther€proceedings€"regardless€of€whether€theÏattorney€is€suspended€by€order€under€sectionÏ(c)".€€Even€if€the€conviction€is€eventuallyÏreversed€or€vacated,€the€trial€transcript€fromÏthe€criminal€proceeding€may€yield€clear€andÏconvincing€evidence€of€the€underlyingÏmisconduct€so€that€the€disciplinary€hearing€mayÏgo€forward€as€long€as€the€findings€do€not€relyÏon€the€conviction.€€òòSeeóó€A.B.A.€Model€Rule€19.F.€Ð l ÐThis€point€was€recently€settled€in€òòAGC€v.Ð þN ÐGarlandóó,€345€Md.€383,€394„95€(1997).€€"If€theÐ à0 Ðevidence€presented€at€the€hearing€is€sufficientÏto€sustain€a€finding€by€clear€and€convincingÏevidence€that€the€conduct€occurred,€the€factÏthat€a€criminal€conviction€did€not€result€fromÏthe€conduct€or€that€the€judgment€was€reversedÏdoes€not€preclude€a€finding€of€misconduct."€345ÏMd.€at€395.ÌÌà ¸ àSection€(e)€is€derived€from€language€inÏformer€Rule€BV10€e,€with€style€changes.€€ItÏapplies€to€the€conviction€of€any€crime,Ïincluding€but€not€limited€to€a€serious€crime.€ÏThe€final€judgment€of€conviction€is€conclusiveÏevidence€that€the€attorney€is€guilty€ofÏcriminal€misconduct.€€òòAGC€v.€Gittensóó,€346€Md.Ð 'n"' Ð316,€325€(1997);€òòAGC€v.€Willcheróó,€340€Md.€217,Ð (P#( Ð221€(1995);€òòAGC€v.€Saulóó,€337€Md.€258,€267Ð â(2$) Ð(1995).€€The€only€issue€is€the€appropriateÏsanction€to€be€imposed.€€òòAGC€v.€Willcheróó,€340Ð ¦*ö%+ ÐMd.€at€221.€€Compellingòòóó€extenuatingÐ ˆ+Ø&, Ðcircumstances€and€mitigating€factors€may€beÏconsidered€on€the€severity€of€the€sanction.€ÏòòAGC€v.€Breschióó,€340€Md.€590,€601„03€(1995).€Ð ..~)/ ÐDisbarment€upon€conviction€of€a€serious€offenseÏmay€be€ordered€"unless€the€lawyer€canÏdemonstrate€by€clear€and€convincing€evidenceÏthat€compelling€extenuating€circumstances€callÏfor€a€different€result."€€òòAGC€v.€Sparrowóó,€314Ð 8ˆ ÐMd.€421,€426€(1988).€€òòSeeóó€òòAGC€v.€Saulóó,€337€Md.Ð  j Ðat€268.ÌÌÌÓÓÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àMr.€Howell€explained€that€several€different€provisions€from€theÏBV€Rules€have€been€put€into€Rule€16„721.€€€The€definition€of€the€termÏ"serious€crime"€is€similar€to€the€definition€in€the€ABA€Model€Rules,Ïwhich€many€states€have€adopted.€€Once€an€attorney€has€been€chargedÏwith€a€serious€crime,€the€attorney€may€be€temporarily€suspended€fromÏthe€practice€of€law.€€Section€(a)€is€new€and€states€that€there€is€aÏduty€on€an€attorney€who€has€been€charged€with€any€crime€to€notify€BarÏCounsel€of€the€charge€and€then€of€any€further€disposition€in€theÏcase.€€Section€(b)€notes€the€duties€of€Bar€Counsel€once€he€or€she€hasÏbeen€notified€that€an€attorney€was€convicted€of€a€serious€crime.€ÏUnder€the€present€Rule,€the€Court€of€Appeals€determines,€in€itsÏdiscretion,€whether€a€person€is€to€be€suspended€during€the€pendencyÏof€an€appeal.€€The€Subcommittee€has€recommended€that€this€discretionÏbe€curtailed.€€The€ABA€model€does€not€provide€for€discretionary€callsÏon€suspension€for€charges€of€serious€crimes.€€The€Subcommittee€feelsÏthat€the€Court€of€Appeals€should€consider€a€change€in€policy.€€Once€aÏconviction€has€been€determined€to€qualify€as€a€"serious€crime,"€thereÏshould€be€a€presumptive€validity€of€the€conviction,€and€the€convictedÏattorney€should€not€be€allowed€to€practice€law€until€the€convictionÏis€overturned€on€appeal.€€Otherwise,€there€is€the€specter€ofÐ ..~)/ Ðinconsistency.€€Some€attorneys€may€be€allowed€to€practice€law€whileÏtheir€convictions€are€on€appeal;€others€are€automatically€suspendedÏfrom€the€practice€of€law.€€No€statement€of€reasons€for€the€decisionÏon€suspension€is€required,€and€perhaps,€there€should€not€be,€becauseÏa€statement€may€prejudice€the€appellate€rights€of€the€attorney.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€questioned€as€to€how€the€various€states€have€decidedÏthe€issue€of€temporary€suspension€while€an€attorney's€criminalÏconviction€is€on€appeal.€€Mr.€Howell€replied€that€this€has€not€beenÏfully€researched.€€At€least€15€states€have€adopted€the€ABA€model,€andÏMr.€Howell€said€that€he€did€not€know€if€the€other€states€haveÏrejected€the€ABA€model€or€have€not€considered€it.€€The€ChairÏcommented€that€many€years€ago,€an€appeal€to€the€U.S.€Fourth€CircuitÏwould€not€be€decided€for€a€very€long€time,€which€allowed€an€attorney,Ïwho€had€not€been€temporarily€suspended,€much€more€time€to€practiceÏlaw.€€Mr.€Howell€observed€that€this€is€still€the€case,€and€the€CourtÏof€Appeals€has€no€way€to€expedite€federal€appeals.€€A€case€argued€inÏthe€Fourth€Circuit€may€last€as€long€as€two€years€with€no€disposition.€ÏThe€Chair€remarked€that€Bar€Counsel€could€try€to€seek€disciplinaryÏaction€on€the€basis€of€the€underlying€conduct,€but€this€is€usuallyÏnot€done.Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€next€Rule€allows€for€delaying€aÏhearing.€€Mr.€Howell€pointed€out€that€under€the€current€rule,€aÏhearing€is€deferred€until€after€the€appeal€has€been€decided€to€avoidÏretrying€a€case€on€the€merits€while€awaiting€a€binding€or€informativeÐ L-œ(. Ðdecision.€€The€Subcommittee€did€not€want€this€changed.€€Mr.€KarceskiÏexpressed€the€view€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€is€wise€enough€to€make€aÏdecision€as€to€temporary€suspension,€and€the€Rule€should€not€take€theÏstrict€liability€approach.Ìà  àMr.€Bowen€inquired€as€to€the€difference€between€a€"crime"€and€aÏ"serious€crime."€€He€asked€if€an€attorney€has€to€inform€Bar€CounselÏif€the€attorney€gets€a€traffic€ticket.€€Judge€Rinehardt€suggestedÏthat€in€this€context€a€"crime"€is€an€incarcerable€offense.€€Mr.ÏHowell€said€that€to€leave€the€determination€of€what€a€crime€is€solelyÏin€the€hands€of€an€attorney€is€not€appropriate€and€does€notÏaccomplish€the€purpose€of€the€Rule.€€There€is€such€a€variety€ofÏinfractions€that€one€would€have€to€go€to€the€law€books€each€timeÏsomeone€was€charged.€€The€Chair€pointed€out€that€when€someone€appliesÏfor€a€judicial€position,€not€every€infraction€should€have€to€beÏreported€on€the€application.€€Mr.€Brault€observed€that€on€many€of€theÏjudicial€applications,€the€applicants€note€every€minuscule€trafficÏticket.€€The€Chair€stated€that€serious€traffic€offenses€are€to€beÏreported.€€Ìà  àThe€Reporter€suggested€that€crimes€which€have€incarceration€asÏa€potential€penalty€could€be€to€what€section€(a)€refers,€whileÏsubsection€(b)(1)€could€refer€to€"serious€crimes."€€Mr.€Howell€notedÏthat€the€defined€term,€"serious€crime,"€is€a€new€aspect€of€theÏattorney€discipline€rules.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€the€pure€wayÏof€organizing€this€Rule€is€to€require€the€attorney€to€report€allÐ L-œ(. Ðcrimes€of€which€he€or€she€has€been€convicted.€€If€only€"seriousÏcrimes"€or€crimes€which€have€incarceration€as€a€potential€penaltyÏmust€be€reported,€then€an€attorney€can€commit€other€crimes€and€hideÏthem.€€Mr.€Brault€pointed€out€that€a€broad€definition€picks€upÏanything€which€might€affect€an€attorney's€competency€to€practice€law.€ÏMr.€Howell€added€that€an€attorney€who€does€not€report€a€crime€canÏargue€that€he€or€she€did€not€think€the€crime€was€serious.€€Ìà  àThe€Reporter€read€section€(j)€of€Rule€16„701.€€This€provisionÏreads€as€follows:ÌÓÓÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ à"Serious€Crime"€means€(1)€any€felony,€€(2)Ïany€lesser€crime€that€reflects€adversely€on€anÏattorney's€honesty,€(3)€any€other€crime,€anÏelement€of€which,€as€determined€by€theÏstatutory€or€common€law€definition€of€theÏcrime,€involves€interference€with€theÏadministration€of€justice,€false€swearing,Ïmisrepresentation,€fraud,€deceit,€bribery,Ïextortion,€misappropriation,€or€theft,€or€(4)Ïan€attempt,€conspiracy,€or€solicitation€ofÏanother€to€commit€a€crime€included€withinÏclause€(1),€(2),€or€(3)€of€this€section.€€ÌÌÌÓÓÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àJudge€Vaughan€noted€that€this€definition€does€not€includeÏserious€traffic€offenses.€€Mr.€Howell€suggested€that€section€(a)€ofÏRule€16„721€could€be€amended€to€add€the€word€"serious"€before€theÏword€"crime."€€Mr.€Brault€commented€that€a€respondent€attorney€hadÏbeen€disbarred€over€a€traffic€record,€because€the€attorney€lied€toÏthe€judge€about€his€poor€traffic€record.€€Even€a€traffic€violationÏcan€involve€a€serious€crime€in€the€course€of€the€prosecution€of€theÏcharge.Ð L-œ(. Ðà  àMr.€Howell€moved€to€add€the€word€"serious"€before€the€wordÏ"crime"€in€section€(a).€€The€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passed€withÏone€opposed.Ìà  àThe€Chair€noted€that€under€subsection€(b)(1),€as€soon€as€theÏverdict€is€returned,€Bar€Counsel€takes€action.€€Mr.€Howell€respondedÏthat€this€is€true€under€the€current€BV€Rules.€€€The€Chair€commentedÏthat€a€certified€copy€of€the€judgment€of€conviction€is€not€availableÏuntil€the€attorney€is€sentenced.€€If€the€attorney€receives€a€sentenceÏof€probation€before€judgment€(PBJ),€there€is€no€judgment€ofÏconviction.€€This€may€be€a€matter€for€the€Style€Subcommittee€toÏrework.€€Mr.€Bowen€remarked€that€the€significance€of€the€judgment€isÏthat€it€is€prima€facie€evidence€against€the€attorney;€however,€thereÏmay€be€other€evidence.€€Mr.€Howell€said€that€the€Subcommittee€did€notÏintend€to€change€the€existing€law.€€Mr.€Brault€pointed€out€that€thisÏlanguage€in€subsection€(b)(1)€is€verbatim€the€language€from€currentÏRule€16„716,€Suspension€upon€Conviction€of€Certain€Crimes.€€The€ChairÏnoted€that€the€current€Rule€does€not€pertain€to€PBJ's,€but€theÏrevised€Rule€should€become€effective€once€there€is€a€verdict€ofÏguilty.€€The€certified€copy€of€the€docket€entries€reflect€that€thereÏhas€been€a€finding€of€guilty.€€Mr.€Brault€asked€if€the€Rule€shouldÏuse€the€language€"docket€entry€of€conviction"€in€place€of€"certifiedÏcopy€of€the€judgment€of€conviction."€€Mr.€Sykes€observed€that€thereÏcannot€be€a€judgment€without€a€conviction.€€Mr.€Howell€said€that€theÏcurrent€practice€is€to€wait€for€the€attorney€to€be€sentenced.€€TheÐ L-œ(. ÐVice€Chair€questioned€whether€the€language€in€the€revised€Rule€whichÏreads€"whether€sentenced€or€not"€is€in€the€current€Rule.€€Mr.€BraultÏanswered€that€this€language€is€not€in€the€current€Rule.€€The€ChairÏnoted€that€this€provision€will€not€reach€a€PBJ€if€the€verdict€ofÏguilty€is€the€operative€event.€€Mr.€Brault€commented€that€Bar€CounselÏmay€want€to€take€action€if€the€attorney€gets€a€PBJ.€€Mr.€HochbergÏpointed€out€that€sentencing€is€never€delayed€that€long€after€aÏfinding€of€guilt.€€Whether€there€is€a€judgment€of€conviction€or€a€PBJÏmay€make€a€difference.€€Mr.€Sykes€said€that€post„trial€motions€mayÏmean€that€a€guilty€finding€by€a€jury€will€be€set€aside.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€stated€that€the€Rule€should€clarify€that€a€suspendedÏsentence€may€be€the€subject€of€discipline.€€He€suggested€that€theÏRule€use€the€language€of€Rule€5„609€as€follows:€€"whether€or€not€theÏsentence€is€suspended"€in€place€of€the€language€"whether€sentenced€orÏnot."€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€if€the€language€"whetherÏsentenced€or€not"€is€deleted,€what€is€left€is€that€one€would€have€toÏbe€sentenced€after€a€judgment€of€conviction.€€The€Chair€suggestedÏthat€the€language€"whether€sentenced€or€not"€should€be€removed,€andÏthe€Committee€agreed€with€this€suggestion€by€consensus.Ìà  àTurning€to€subsection€(b)(2),€Mr.€Howell€explained€that€thisÏcovers€the€situation€where€the€attorney€committed€a€crime€which€isÏless€than€a€serious€crime,€and€Bar€Counsel€feels€the€investigation€isÏwarranted.€€This€would€proceed€as€an€ordinary€matter€before€anÏInquiry€Committee.€€The€current€rules€do€not€have€a€provision€for€BarÐ L-œ(. ÐCounsel€to€proceed€when€the€crime€is€not€a€"serious"€one.€€The€ViceÏChair€said€that€she€did€not€understand€the€provision.€€Mr.€HowellÏresponded€that€Bar€Counsel€can€proceed€on€the€underlying€facts,€notÏon€the€basis€of€the€conviction.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€as€to€whyÏboth€sentences€of€subsection€(b)(2)€are€not€parallel,€with€bothÏproviding€that€Bar€Counsel€may€file€a€statement€of€charges.€€Mr.ÏHowell€answered€that€the€only€justification€he€can€recall€is€thatÏonce€the€Court€of€Appeals€has€already€had€the€matter€before€it,€theÏlid€of€confidentiality€is€off.€€It€would€not€be€necessary€to€go€backÏto€the€earlier€stage€in€the€proceedings.€€This€is€the€only€basis€forÏa€distinction.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€the€view€that€this€is€notÏlogical.€€The€last€sentence€of€section€(b)€provides€that€if€the€CourtÏof€Appeals€dismisses€a€petition€on€the€ground€that€the€crime€was€notÏserious,€Bar€Counsel€òòmayóó€(emphasis€added)€file€a€statement€ofÐ ¤ô Ðcharges.€€Under€Rule€16„711,€Preliminary€Investigation,€Bar€CounselÏshould€investigate€to€determine€whether€to€file€a€statement€ofÏcharges.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€pointed€out€that€Bar€Counsel€may€not€wish€to€file€aÏstatement€of€charges,€because€the€Court€of€Appeals€determined€thatÏthe€crime€was€not€serious.€€Mr.€Howell€commented€that€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€may€have€found€that€the€crime€did€not€meet€a€certainÏdefinition€which€would€require€automatic€suspension,€but€the€attorneyÏmay€have€been€involved€in€the€commission€of€a€lesser€crime.€€TheÏChair€noted€that€a€serious€assault€may€not€be€identified€by€theÐ L-œ(. Ðdocket€entries€as€serious.€€It€would€be€necessary€to€look€at€theÏconviction€and€the€seriousness€of€the€surrounding€circumstances.€€Mr.ÏHowell€said€that€if€the€Court€of€Appeals€dismissed€a€crime€as€notÏserious,€Bar€Counsel€might€be€precluded€from€bringing€a€statement€ofÏcharges€without€going€through€the€Inquiry€Panel€stage.€€Through€theÏRule,€the€Subcommittee€was€empowering€Bar€Counsel€to€go€forward.Ìà  àThe€Chair€referred€to€the€question€posed€by€Mr.€Bowen€earlierÏas€to€what€crimes€have€to€be€reported.€€The€Chair€remarked€that€theÏRule€appears€to€require€Bar€Counsel€to€investigate€any€report€that€anÏattorney€has€been€convicted€of€an€offense.€€Mr.€Howell€suggested€thatÏsubsection€(b)(2)€could€provide€that€Bar€Counsel€"may"€investigateÏthe€matter€and€proceed€as€appropriate€under€Rule€16„711€instead€ofÏusing€the€word€"shall."€€The€Committee€agreed€to€this€change€byÏconsensus.€€Mr.€Karceski€observed€that€the€last€sentence€ofÏsubsection€(b)(2)€should€be€put€into€subsection€(b)(1).€€The€ChairÏnoted€that€subsection€(b)(1)€deals€with€serious€crimes.€€€The€ViceÏChair€observed€that€there€may€be€a€problem€with€the€structure€of€theÏRule.€€She€asked€why€the€Court€of€Appeals€would€dismiss€the€entireÏproceeding€just€because€the€crime€was€not€serious.€€Mr.€KarceskiÏexplained€that€the€Rule€only€deals€with€suspension.€€The€Court€ofÏAppeals€is€not€temporarily€suspending€the€attorney;€it€is€waitingÏuntil€after€the€trial€to€make€a€decision.€€An€attorney€who€has€beenÏconvicted€of€a€serious€crime€is€automatically€suspended.€€Mr.€BowenÏagreed€with€Mr.€Karceski€that€the€last€sentence€of€subsection€(b)(2)Ð L-œ(. Ðshould€be€moved,€and€Mr.€Bowen€suggested€that€it€could€be€moved€toÏthe€end€of€section€(c).€€Mr.€Howell€agreed€that€section€(b)€should€beÏrestructured€so€that€subsection€(b)(1)€is€followed€by€subsectionÏ(b)(2)€without€the€last€sentence,€which€will€be€moved€to€section€(c).€ÏThe€Vice€Chair€expressed€the€opinion€that€subsection€(b)(2)€breaksÏthe€flow€of€the€Rule€because€it€deals€with€crimes€other€than€seriousÏones,€but€the€first€sentence€of€subsection€(b)(2)€relates€to€seriousÏcrimes.€€She€suggested€that€the€Style€Subcommittee€rework€this.€€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€stated€that€the€Committee€still€needs€to€work€on€theÏsubstance€of€the€Rule.€€Mr.€Karceski€questioned€whether€there€is€aÏneed€for€the€section€on€other€crimes.€€His€feeling€was€that€it€isÏobvious€that€an€attorney€can€be€investigated€for€crimes€other€thanÏserious€ones.€€The€Chair€responded€that€there€is€a€theoreticalÏimplication€that€if€the€Rule€does€not€provide€for€this,€Bar€CounselÏcannot€investigate€other€crimes.€€Mr.€Sykes€noted€that€up€untilÏsubsection€(b)(2),€the€Rule€covers€temporary€suspension.€€Mr.€HowellÏsuggested€that€subsection€(b)(2)€could€be€placed€at€the€end€of€theÏRule.€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€that€some€crimes,€while€not€serious,€mayÏinvolve€a€question€as€to€whether€a€Rule€of€Professional€Conduct€hasÏbeen€violated.€€Mr.€Sykes€remarked€that€if€the€Court€of€Appeals€doesÏnot€think€an€attorney's€action€is€a€serious€crime,€it€will€notÏsuspend€the€attorney.Ìà  àThe€Chair€commented€that€to€eliminate€a€reference€as€to€whatÏshould€happen€for€a€crime€that€is€not€serious,€there€should€be€someÐ L-œ(. Ðdiscussion€of€the€role€of€Bar€Counsel.€€Mr.€Sykes€said€that€BarÏCounsel€is€back€to€square€one;€he€or€she€may€or€may€not€investigate.€ÏPutting€this€in€the€Rule€clutters€it.€€The€Vice€Chair€suggested€thatÏthe€first€sentence€of€subsection€(b)(2)€be€excluded.€€The€ChairÏsuggested€that€the€second€sentence€be€moved.€€The€Vice€Chair€thenÏsuggested€that€the€title€of€the€Rule€could€be€changed€to€"ConvictionÏof€Serious€Crimes,"€but€Mr.€Howell€noted€that€section€(e)€pertains€toÏany€crime.€€Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€said€that€the€problem€she€was€having€with€theÏRule€is€that€although€she€would€be€in€favor€of€the€idea€of€it€in€99%Ïof€the€cases,€in€the€small€number€of€cases€in€which€the€attorney'sÏconviction€was€arguably€wrong,€at€least€the€attorney€will€be€givenÏthe€opportunity€to€say€that€he€or€she€will€win€on€appeal,€and€theÏcourt€can€listen€to€the€attorney€or€suspend€the€attorney.€€If€theÏattorney€is€automatically€suspended,€the€attorney€may€be€ruined€forÏthe€remainder€of€his€or€her€career,€particularly€if€the€appeal€takesÏa€great€amount€of€time.€€The€Chair€commented€that€the€court€considersÏthe€likelihood€of€success€on€appeal.€€Mr.€Brault€noted€that€theÏFourth€Circuit€has€convicted€someone€of€a€felony€for€cutting€down€aÏtree€on€federal€park€land.€€Mr.€Karceski€said€that€another€felony€isÏhunting€ducks€flying€over€a€baited€pond.Ìà  àThe€Chair€referred€to€the€Vice€Chair's€suggestion€thatÏsuspension€not€be€mandatory€in€subsection€(b)(2).€€The€Vice€ChairÏmoved€that€the€word€"shall"€be€changed€to€the€word€"may",€the€motionÐ L-œ(. Ðwas€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€thatÏthe€Committee€note€should€be€deleted,€and€the€Committee€agreed€withÏthis€by€consensus.Ìà  àMr.€Howell€explained€that€section€(d)€was€derived€from€Rule€16„¼806€(c),€and€there€is€no€intent€to€change€it.€€The€Subcommittee€triedÏto€improve€on€the€terminology€and€provide€alternatives.€€The€ViceÏChair€asked€about€the€first€sentence€of€section€(d).€€Mr.€HowellÏreplied€that€on€its€own€time,€the€Court€of€Appeals€can€enter€an€orderÏassigning€the€petition.€€The€attorney€has€the€right€to€introduceÏmitigating€circumstances.€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€the€CourtÏcould€let€the€matter€sit€until€the€appeal€is€affirmed.€€The€ChairÏsaid€that€an€attorney€may€say€that€he€or€she€has€been€convicted,€andÏsince€the€appeal€in€the€Fourth€Circuit€could€take€a€long€time,€theÏattorney€asks€to€be€heard€immediately.€€Mr.€Howell€commented€thatÏlater€on€there€is€a€rule€which€provides€for€motions€for€relief€fromÏsuspensions.€€The€Chair€observed€that€that€rule€does€not€come€intoÏplay€at€the€point€in€the€proceedings€when€Rule€16„721€is€applicable.€ÏMr.€Brault€noted€that€the€Court€may€order€a€hearing€pursuant€to€RuleÏ16„721,€but€if€the€Court€is€relying€on€the€attorney's€conviction,€theÏCourt€does€not€have€to€order€a€hearing.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€pointed€out€that€the€second€sentence€of€section€(d)Ïprovides€that€the€hearing€shall€be€delayed€until€the€completion€ofÏappellate€review.€€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€that€there€is€a€hearing€inÏthe€trial€court€after€the€petition€for€disciplinary€action€isÐ L-œ(. Ðassigned€pursuant€to€Rule€16„732.€€Mr.€Sykes€said€that€pursuant€toÏsection€(c),€the€Court€of€Appeals€issues€a€show€cause€order,€and€theÏattorney€has€an€opportunity€to€respond.€€The€Vice€Chair€pointed€outÏthat€this€provision€does€not€allow€for€a€hearing,€only€an€opportunityÏto€respond€in€writing.€€The€Chair€reiterated€that€Rule€16„721Ïsuggests€that€while€the€appeal€of€a€conviction€is€pending,€theÏattorney€does€not€get€a€hearing€on€the€suspension.€€Some€of€the€casesÏpresent€a€hardship€for€the€attorney,€and€some€present€a€hardship€forÏBar€Counsel.€€Mr.€Brault€suggested€that€language€could€be€added€toÏsection€(d)€which€provides€that€the€attorney€can€request€a€hearing.€ÏThe€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€the€word€"shall"€in€the€second€sentenceÏof€section€(d)€should€be€changed€to€the€word€"may."€€€Mr.€SykesÏsuggested€that€the€following€language€be€added€at€the€end€of€theÏsecond€sentence€of€section€(d):€"unless€the€attorney€requests€anÏearlier€hearing."€€Ìà  àJudge€McAuliffe€expressed€the€view€that€the€Rule€is€appropriateÏwhen€it€provides€that€the€attorney€should€wait€for€a€hearing€untilÏthe€appeal€is€finished.€€He€questioned€as€to€why€an€attorney€wouldÏwant€a€hearing€on€the€basis€of€having€committed€a€serious€crime€whichÏis€not€a€hearing€on€the€merits.€€The€Chair€answered€that€the€attorneyÏcould€get€the€opportunity€to€put€on€mitigating€evidence€to€persuadeÏthe€Court€that€the€attorney€should€not€be€prevented€from€practicingÏlaw€for€a€long€period€of€time.€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€this€isÏmore€appropriately€raised€first€in€the€Court€of€Appeals€and€not€inÐ L-œ(. Ðthe€trial€court€which€cannot€remove€the€suspension,€anyway.€€SheÏasked€if€under€section€(c)€there€would€be€any€times€that€the€attorneyÏwould€have€the€right€to€present€evidence.€€The€Chair€responded€thatÏhypothetically€in€the€situation€where€the€attorney€committed€a€felonyÏby€cutting€down€a€tree,€on€an€appeal€to€the€Fourth€Circuit,€it€couldÏtake€three€years€until€the€matter€is€resolved.€€What€mechanism€willÏrule€to€provide€the€attorney€a€disciplinary€hearing€on€theÏconviction?€€The€facts€may€not€be€disputed,€but€to€keep€the€attorneyÏout€of€practice€for€two„and„a„half€years€just€because€he€or€sheÏwishes€to€appeal€the€conviction€may€not€be€fair.€€The€Vice€ChairÏremarked€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€should€not€have€suspended€theÏattorney€in€the€first€place.€€She€questioned€as€to€what€should€happenÏif€the€attorney€does€get€suspended.€€The€Chair€replied€that€theÏattorney€should€have€the€opportunity€to€seek€a€hearing€as€to€theÏappropriate€disciplinary€action.€€The€Rule€should€not€provide€thatÏthere€is€no€hearing€available€until€disposition.€€€Ìà  àMr.€Brault€said€that€an€attorney€can€move€to€have€theÏsuspension€lifted€based€on€the€finding€from€the€hearing.€€Even€if€theÏconviction€is€affirmed,€it€may€be€that€the€appropriate€discipline€isÏa€30„day€suspension.€€In€that€instance,€the€attorney€can€file€aÏmotion€to€lift€the€suspension€after€the€30€days€have€been€served.€ÏMr.€Karceski€inquired€whether,€in€the€same€scenario,€the€attorneyÏgets€a€second€shot€at€the€process,€if€the€Court€determines€to€takeÏaction€when€the€conviction€is€reversed.€€The€Chair€answered€in€theÐ L-œ(. Ðnegative,€explaining€that€the€attorney€would€be€given€the€option€toÏhold€off€until€the€appeal€process€is€finished€or€take€the€earlierÏhearing.€€€Mr.€Sykes€asked€about€the€nature€of€the€hearing.€€As€toÏthe€issue€of€whether€a€temporary€suspension€is€imposed,€does€theÏnature€and€extent€of€the€misconduct€go€to€mitigation€or€to€theÏunderlying€charges?€€The€Chair€answered€that€the€hearing€is€on€theÏultimate€sanction.€€Mr.€Howell€agreed,€explaining€that€if€theÏconviction€is€reversed,€Bar€Counsel€is€limited€to€the€remedy€on€theÏunderlying€facts.€€This€is€determined€at€the€hearing.€€If€theÏconviction€is€affirmed,€any€extenuating€circumstances€go€to€theÏsanction.€€The€Subcommittee€did€not€contemplate€a€hearing€before€theÏappellate€review€process€is€completed.€€Ìà  àMr.€Sykes€pointed€out€that€the€first€sentence€of€section€(d)Ïprovides€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€may€assign€the€petition.€€HeÏinquired€if€this€means€that€the€Court€can€assign€the€question€ofÏwhether€to€suspend.€€Mr.€Howell€replied€that€the€Court€is€able€to€doÏthat,€especially€if€it€is€not€clear€as€to€what€the€underlying€offenseÏis.€€The€Chair€commented€that€one€model€is€that€the€attorney€getsÏsuspended,€and€if€the€attorney€appeals,€the€case€is€sent€to€a€circuitÏcourt€judge€to€make€findings€of€fact.€€Under€the€model€in€Rule€16„¼721,€the€case€cannot€go€to€the€circuit€court€judge€until€the€appealÏis€resolved.€€Without€the€second€sentence€of€section€(d),€the€RuleÏcould€provide€that€Bar€Counsel€can€go€forward€with€the€disciplinaryÏaction.€€Mr.€Howell€remarked€that€the€Subcommittee€did€not€go€intoÐ L-œ(. Ðthis€in€depth,€because€the€current€Rule€is€working€well.€€No€changeÏhad€been€intended.€Ìà  àMr.€Karceski€observed€that€if€the€hearing€were€accelerated,€theÏtrial€judge€could€only€rely€on€the€conviction€in€deciding€on€aÏsanction.€€If€the€criminal€case€is€then€reversed,€this€wouldÏsupersede€the€action€of€the€trial€court.€€The€Chair€said€the€attorneyÏwould€have€to€make€a€choice€as€to€whether€to€accelerate€the€hearing.€ÏMr.€Karceski€responded€that€if€the€attorney€makes€the€wrong€choice,Ïhe€or€she€will€be€penalized.€€€Mr.€Howell€noted€that€section€(d)€onlyÏapplies€if€the€attorney€has€not€been€suspended.€€There€could€be€aÏcross€reference€to€section€(k)€of€Rule€16„737,€Order€ImposingÏDiscipline€or€Inactive€Status.€€Section€(k)€provides€for€a€motion€toÏmodify€a€suspension.Ìà  àMr.€Sykes€said€the€problem€he€was€having€with€section€(d)€wasÏthe€language€"to€determine€the€nature€and€extent€of€the€misconduct."€€ÏPursuant€to€Rule€16„735,€when€the€Court€of€Appeals€sends€the€case€toÏa€trial€judge,€it€is€similar€to€any€other€disciplinary€hearing.€ÏActually,€once€the€case€gets€to€the€trial€court,€it€should€await€theÏfinal€determination€by€the€appellate€court€and€any€remedy€theÏattorney€has€modifying€and€lifting€the€suspension.€€The€ChairÏcommented€that€this€protects€the€attorney.€€He€suggested€that€theÏfirst€sentence€of€section€(d)€end€after€the€language€"Rule€16„735,"Ïand€the€word€"shall"€in€the€second€sentence€be€changed€to€the€wordÏ"may."€€Mr.€Sykes€moved€to€end€the€first€sentence€with€the€languageÐ L-œ(. Ð"Rule€16„735,"€and€the€motion€was€seconded.€€Ìà  àMr.€Howell€asked€what€the€purpose€of€the€Rule€16„735€hearingÏis.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€the€opinion€that€the€language€at€theÏend€of€the€second€sentence€of€section€(d),€which€has€been€proposedÏfor€deletion,€may€be€necessary.€€Section€(e)€is€entitled€"ConclusiveÏEffect€of€Final€Conviction€of€Crime."€€The€language€in€question€inÏthe€second€sentence€of€section€(d)€implies€that€there€will€be€anÏevidentiary€hearing.€€The€Chair€questioned€whether€prima€facieÏevidence€is€"conclusive."€€This€Rule€provides€a€chance€for€anÏattorney€to€contest€the€issue€of€whether€he€or€she€is€guilty€asÏcharged.€€If€the€evidence€is€overwhelming,€prima€facie€evidence€willÏnot€change€anything.€€If€the€evidence€is€not€overwhelming,€primaÏfacie€evidence€may€not€be€conclusive.€€Mr.€Sykes€remarked€that€heÏdoes€not€know€of€any€jurisdiction€where€prima€facie€evidence€is€notÏconclusive.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€asked€if€the€Rule€should€provide€that€the€hearing€mayÏbe€delayed.€€Mr.€Sykes€commented€that€it€is€a€waste€of€time€to€have€aÏhearing€while€an€appellate€proceeding€is€going€on.€€The€ruling€in€theÏlower€court€may€be€upset,€and€if€the€conviction€is€automatic,€thereÏmay€be€a€discrepancy€on€the€basis€of€the€conviction.€€If€the€hearingÏis€on€the€entire€issue,€Bar€Counsel€has€to€prove€a€complicated€case,Ïwhich€is€a€waste€of€time.€€The€Vice€Chair€observed€that€if€anÏattorney€has€not€been€suspended,€the€attorney€may€wish€to€have€theÏmatter€resolved.€€An€example€would€be€the€attorney€who€cut€down€aÐ L-œ(. Ðtree,€but€wants€to€argue€that€the€crime€is€not€one€for€which€he€orÏshe€should€be€sanctioned.€€The€Chair€added€that€the€attorney€may€wantÏto€get€the€matter€over€with€quickly,€because€the€sanction€may€be€lessÏonerous€than€waiting.€€Mr.€Howell€commented€that€the€attorney€mayÏwish€to€take€the€30„day€suspension,€rather€than€risk€disbarment€afterÏa€hearing€before€a€trial€judge.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€Rule€give€the€attorney€a€right€toÏask€for€a€hearing.€€Mr.€Howell€said€that€unless€section€(e)€isÏmodified,€conclusive€effect€will€govern€the€hearing€and€can€never€beÏused€for€the€attorney€who€has€a€hope€of€reversal.€€The€ChairÏcommented€that€although€it€is€a€rare€situation,€given€the€length€ofÏdelay€in€the€federal€appellate€process,€the€attorney€should€have€theÏoption€of€requesting€an€early€hearing.€€€Ìà  àMr.€Sykes€pointed€out€that€subsection€(d)€provides€in€the€lastÏsentence€that€the€incarcerated€attorney€has€to€make€financialÏarrangements€for€attending€an€earlier€hearing.€€Mr.€HochbergÏsuggested€that€the€Rule€could€provide€that€the€hearing€shall€beÏdelayed€until€the€attorney€has€had€the€opportunity€to€make€financialÏarrangements.€€Mr.€Sykes€inquired€as€to€what€would€happen€if€theÏattorney€did€not€make€the€financial€arrangements.€€Mr.€HochbergÏanswered€that€the€hearing€would€go€forward.€€Mr.€Howell€noted€thatÏonce€the€conviction€is€affirmed,€there€is€no€immediate€hearing€unlessÏthe€attorney€requests€one€and€makes€the€necessary€arrangements.€€Mr.ÏSykes€questioned€as€to€who€can€submit€a€petition€for€a€writ€of€habeasÐ L-œ(. Ðcorpus€ad€testificandum€if€the€attorney€is€incarcerated.€€The€ChairÏresponded€that€if€an€incarcerated€attorney€wants€to€attend€theÏhearing,€the€attorney€must€make€arrangements€for€attending€theÏearlier€hearing.€€The€attorney€may€want€his€attorney€to€argue€orÏwaive€the€right€to€present€evidence.Ìà  àMr.€Howell€said€that€only€part€(2)€of€the€last€sentence€ofÏsection€(d)€needs€to€be€amended.€€Mr.€Sykes€pointed€out€that€anÏattorney€may€want€the€hearing€to€proceed,€even€if€the€attorney€is€notÏpresent€at€the€hearing.€€Mr.€Brault€suggested€that€at€the€end€of€theÏlast€sentence€of€section€(d),€the€following€language€should€be€added:€Ï"unless€the€attorney's€appearance€is€waived."€€The€Chair€said€onceÏthe€hearing€is€held€and€the€attorney€is€sentenced,€the€attorney€canÏfile€a€motion€similar€to€Federal€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€35€to€askÏfor€his€or€her€sentence€to€be€cut.€€Mr.€Sykes€remarked€that€if€theÏattorney€is€convicted,€and€the€evidence€is€conclusive,€an€earlyÏhearing€would€only€demonstrate€how€terrible€the€attorney€was.€€TheÏsmartest€strategy€is€that€the€attorney€would€be€kept€out€of€court,Ïand€his€own€counsel€would€say€nice€things€about€him€or€her.€€Mr.ÏBrault€observed€that€the€attorney's€suspension€could€coincide€withÏhis€or€her€incarceration.€€Mr.€Howell€pointed€out€that€the€hearingÏcould€take€place€after€the€incarceration€is€over.€€He€said€that€heÏcould€not€imagine€a€situation€where€the€attorney€would€want€toÏaccelerate€the€hearing.Ìà  àMr.€Karceski€inquired€whether€an€attorney€who€has€been€charged,Ð L-œ(. Ðsuspended,€and€convicted€and€is€in€prison€can€continue€to€practiceÏlaw.€€Mr.€Howell€said€that€he€did€not€think€an€incarcerated€attorneyÏcould€practice€law.€€Mr.€Karceski€expressed€the€opinion€that€theÏChair's€suggestion€is€sensible.€€The€attorney€can€make€his€or€her€ownÏarrangements€to€attend€the€hearing.€€This€will€be€difficult€if€theÏattorney€is€incarcerated.€€The€Chair€noted€that€the€way€the€RuleÏreads€now,€an€attorney€who€wants€an€earlier€hearing€cannot€get€one.€ÏThe€Rule€can€be€changed€to€provide€that€an€earlier€hearing€isÏavailable,€and€the€attorney€can€waive€his€appearance€at€the€hearing.€ÏMr.€Hochberg€asked€if€Bar€Counsel€can€get€an€earlier€hearing.€€TheÏChair€replied€in€the€affirmative.€€He€pointed€out€that€the€lastÏsentence€of€section€(d)€is€not€limited€to€the€situation€where€noÏappeal€is€taken;€it€also€applies€to€an€attorney€who€is€incarceratedÏand€is€appealing€the€conviction.€€The€Chair€asked€if€this€sentenceÏshould€be€moved.€€Mr.€Howell€replied€that€it€should€not€be€moved.Ìà  àMr.€Sykes€observed€that€disbarment€protects€the€public.€€Mr.ÏHochberg€noted€that€the€attorney€can€continue€to€practice€if€he€hasÏnot€been€suspended.€€The€Vice€Chair€agreed€with€Mr.€Hochberg.€€SheÏfelt€that€the€Rule€needs€some€work.€€Mr.€Howell€explained€that€theÏidea€was€to€avoid€hearings€when€the€appellate€process€is€going€on.€ÏIf€an€attorney€is€incarcerated,€the€postponement€of€the€hearing€wasÏmeant€to€benefit€the€attorney€and€his€or€her€due€process€rights,Ïsince€the€attorney€cannot€attend.€€The€Rule€was€designed€to€avoid€theÏunseemly€situation€of€two€proceedings€taking€place€at€the€same€time,Ð L-œ(. Ðwhich€may€lead€to€inconsistent€results.€€Priority€is€given€to€theÏcriminal€conviction€on€appeal.€€The€Chair€commented€that€if€theÏattorney€has€not€been€suspended,€there€is€no€problem.€€The€problemÏarises€when€the€attorney€is€suspended€for€an€offense€that€does€notÏmerit€discipline,€and€the€suspension€lasts€as€long€as€the€appellateÏprocess€takes.Ìà  àMr.€Howell€said€that€if€the€interim€suspension€is€too€onerous,Ïthe€Court€of€Appeals€can€exercise€its€discretion€not€to€suspend,€orÏthe€attorney€can€ask€for€a€modification€of€the€existing€suspension.€ÏThis€is€not€the€ultimate€disposition€of€the€case.€€If€the€convictionÏis€affirmed,€reversed,€or€no€appeal€is€taken,€there€will€be€a€finalÏdisposition€of€the€case€which€is€not€an€interim€suspension.€€The€RuleÏcan€cross€reference€Rule€16„737,€which€provides€a€full€right€onÏmotion€to€terminate€a€suspension.€€€The€two€Rules€should€be€keptÏclear€of€one€another.€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€that€section€(c)€providesÏthat€Rule€16„737€applies€to€an€order€suspending€an€attorney€underÏsection€(c).€€This€provision€intimates€that€the€temporary€suspensionÏcould€be€vacated€earlier.€€Mr.€Howell€commented€that€the€modificationÏprovision€in€section€(k)€of€Rule€16„737€could€be€incorporated€intoÏRule€16„721.€€The€suspended€attorney€could€have€his€or€her€suspensionÏlifted,€but€if€the€conviction€is€affirmed,€there€could€either€be€theÏsuspension€as€to€the€time€served,€or€whatever€is€appropriate.€€Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€referred€to€the€language€which€was€suggested€€toÏbe€added€to€the€second€sentence€of€section€(d):€€"unless€the€attorneyÐ L-œ(. Ðrequests€an€earlier€hearing€and€is€willing€to€proceed."€€SheÏexpressed€the€opinion€that€it€is€a€mistake€to€add€in€the€languageÏ"and€is€willing€to€proceed."€€This€will€happen€in€less€than€oneÏpercent€of€all€the€cases.€€The€real€problem€is€that€the€attorney,€whoÏhas€been€temporarily€suspended,€may€wish€to€go€back€to€court€a€numberÏof€times€while€the€conviction€is€pending.€€€The€Chair€pointed€outÏthat€the€first€sentence€of€section€(d)€indicates€that€the€Court€mayÏonly€do€one€thing,€either€suspend€the€attorney€or€send€the€case€toÏthe€circuit€court.€€He€questioned€whether€the€Court€can€do€both.€€IfÏso,€the€inherent€conflict€needs€to€be€resolved.€€Mr.€Howell€respondedÏthat€the€Court€can€do€both.€€The€Rule€applies€after€the€period€ofÏinterim€suspension.€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€Rule€does€not€sayÏthis.€€Mr.€Howell€stated€that€the€Court€can€and€does€both.€€The€ChairÏremarked€that€if€the€Court€does€both,€and€a€person€is€suspended,€withÏno€hearing€to€address€the€sanction€until€the€appellate€process€isÏcompleted,€an€attorney€may€have€to€wait€for€the€circuit€court€hearingÏwhich€is€delayed€until€the€merits€of€the€appeal€have€been€decided.€ÏIt€is€preferable€to€either€suspend€or€send€the€case€to€the€circuitÏcourt.€€Mr.€Howell€pointed€out€that€it€is€not€necessarily€assumedÏthat€the€Court€will€do€both€simultaneously.€€The€end€of€the€period€ofÏsuspension€may€trigger€a€referral€to€the€trial€court€for€finalÏdisposition.€€The€attorney€may€then€be€up€for€disbarment€after€theÏconviction€is€affirmed€and€can€mitigate€against€the€disbarment€orÏfurther€suspension.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€she€did€not€see€aÐ L-œ(. Ðproblem.€€If€the€Court€suspends€an€attorney€for€the€conviction€of€aÏserious€crime,€and€sends€the€case€to€a€circuit€court€judge,€the€RuleÏprovides€that€the€judge€cannot€do€anything€until€the€appeal€isÏdisposed€of.€€If€the€Court€made€a€mistake,€pursuant€to€Rule€16„737,Ïthe€Court€can€do€what€it€wants.€€Once€the€conviction€is€affirmed,€theÏattorney€can€go€before€the€circuit€court€judge€and€present€mitigationÏarguments.€€The€temporary€suspension€ends€if€the€appeal€is€vacated.€ÏMr.€Brault€commented€that€current€Rule€16„716€provides€that€theÏattorney€can€appeal€only€if€a€suspension€has€been€issued,€but€not€ifÏthe€suspension€has€been€denied.€€Under€the€proposed€Rule,€a€petitionÏis€filed€when€the€suspension€has€been€issued.€€Mr.€Howell€said€thatÏthere€is€no€provision€to€cover€the€situation€when€the€Court€refusesÏto€suspend,€the€process€goes€forward,€and€the€attorney€is€convicted.€ÏThe€proposed€Rule€allows€for€trial€court€proceedings.€€Mr.€BraultÏremarked€that€the€proceedings€take€place,€anyway.€€If€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€suspends€an€attorney€for€a€serious€crime,€the€attorney€hasÏthe€right€to€answer€charges€filed€in€the€circuit€court€with€noÏpreliminaries€of€panel€review.€€Currently,€if€the€Court€denies€theÏsuspension,€Bar€Counsel€proceeds€on€an€ordinary€complaint€before€theÏInquiry€Panel.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€noted€that€this€is€a€change€in€the€current€rule.€€OnÏone€track€there€is€no€suspension€by€the€Court€of€Appeals,€and€theÏdisciplinary€process€goes€forward.€€On€the€other€track,€the€attorneyÏis€suspended.€€Does€the€attorney€fight€a€disciplinary€battle€with€theÐ L-œ(. Ðconviction€hanging€over€his€or€her€head?€€What€if€the€Court€can€doÏboth?€€Mr.€Brault€noted€that€the€problem€can€be€avoided€if€theÏproposed€Rule€is€limited€to€apply€only€to€suspensions€as€the€currentÏRule€does.€€Mr.€Howell€said€that€one€of€the€objections€to€the€currentÏRule€is€that€there€are€too€many€levels€of€hearings€built€in.€€Once€aÏpetition€is€filed€in€the€Court€of€Appeals,€and€the€Court€sends€itÏout,€the€proceedings€go€before€the€Inquiry€Panel€after€the€attorneyÏis€convicted.€€If€the€conviction€is€not€serious,€the€issue€is€whatÏthe€sanction€is€to€be.€€Once€the€Court€of€Appeals€makes€a€decision€asÏto€whether€to€discipline€the€attorney,€and€the€decision€is€not€toÏdiscipline,€the€matter€should€not€be€sent€before€the€Inquiry€Panel.€ÏThe€Chair€commented€that€the€operative€effect€is€disastrous€for€theÏattorney€who€cannot€do€anything€while€the€appeal€is€pending.€€TheÏVice€Chair€added€that€once€the€attorney€is€suspended,€there€is€no€wayÏfor€him€or€her€to€move€forward.€€What€should€the€attorney€doÌ„„€go€to€the€Court€of€Appeals€or€move€forward€on€the€immediateÏsanction?€€Ìà  àMr.€Sykes€pointed€out€that€the€time€had€elapsed€for€Agenda€ItemÏ1€to€be€considered.€€He€suggested€that€since€the€Rule€is€causing€someÏdifficulties,€it€should€go€back€to€the€Subcommittee€so€it€canÏconsider€separate€tracks€in€each€of€the€situations.€€Mr.€BowenÏexpressed€the€view€that€the€Rule€is€appropriate€the€way€it€has€beenÏpresented.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€decision€on€the€Rule€will€be€heldÏfor€further€discussion€until€the€other€agenda€items€have€beenÐ L-œ(. Ðreached.Ìà  àThe€Chair€asked€Judge€Lombardi€to€come€forward.€€The€ChairÏstated€that€Delegate€Vallario€had€brought€a€citation€from€GovernorÏGlendening€to€present€to€Judge€Lombardi€for€his€25€years€as€a€memberÏof€the€Rules€Committee.€€Judge€Lombardi€will€be€retiring€from€theÏCommittee.€€Judge€Lombardi€accepted€the€citation,€saying€that€heÏenjoyed€his€service€on€the€Committee€and€is€sorry€to€be€leaving.€€HeÏbegan€his€service€in€1972€as€the€legislative€representative€from€theÏHouse€of€Delegates,€and€he€noted€that€his€counterpart€from€the€SenateÏwas€Joseph€Curran,€who€is€now€the€Attorney€General€of€Maryland.ÌÓÓÌAgenda€Item€2.€€Consideration€of€proposed€amendments€to€certainÌ€€rules€in€Title€5,€Evidence:€€Rule€5„412€(Sex€Offense€Cases;Ì€€relevance€of€Victim's€Past€Behavior)€and€Rule€5„803€(HearsayÌ€€Exceptions:€€Unavailability€of€Declarant€Note€Required)Ì_________________________________________________________________ÌÌÌÓÓà  àMr.€Titus€presented€Rule€5„803€(b)(25)€for€the€Committee'sÏconsideration.€€€ÌÓÓÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÌññÓ i ÓññÐ  Ò!"! Ðà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@óó!ìàTITLE€5€„€EVIDENCEˆÌÌà@JJ ìàCHAPTER€800€„€HEARSAYˆÌÌÌà ¸ àAMEND€Rule€5„803€to€provide€that€certainÏjudgments€of€previous€convictions€andÏstatements€concerning€assaultive€behavior€areÏnot€excluded€by€the€hearsay€rule,€as€follows:ÌÌÌRule€5„803.€€HEARSAY€EXCEPTIONS:€ÏUNAVAILABILITY€OF€DECLARANT€NOT€REQUIRED€ÌÌÌà ¸ àThe€following€are€not€excluded€by€theÏhearsay€rule,€even€though€the€declarant€isÏavailable€as€a€witness:ÌÌ€€(a)€€Statement€by€Party„opponentÌÌà ¸ à€€A€statement€that€is€offered€against€aÏparty€and€is:ÌÌ€€€€(1)€€The€party's€own€statement,€in€eitherÏan€individual€or€representative€capacity;ÌÌ€€€€(2)€€A€statement€of€which€the€party€hasÏmanifested€an€adoption€or€belief€in€its€truth;ÌÌ€€€€(3)€€A€statement€by€a€person€authorized€byÏthe€party€to€make€a€statement€concerning€theÏsubject;ÌÌ€€€€(4)€€A€statement€by€the€party's€agent€orÏemployee€made€during€the€agency€or€employmentÏrelationship€concerning€a€matter€within€theÏscope€of€the€agency€or€employment;€orÌÌ€€€€(5)€€A€statement€by€a€coconspirator€of€theÏparty€during€the€course€and€in€furtherance€ofÏthe€conspiracy.ÌññÓith€ÓññÌCommittee€note:€€Where€there€is€a€disputedÏissue€as€to€scope€of€employment,€representativeÏcapacity,€authorization€to€make€a€statement,Ð ..~)/ Ðthe€existence€of€a€conspiracy,€or€any€otherÏfoundational€requirement,€the€court€must€make€aÏfinding€on€that€issue€before€the€statement€mayÏbe€admitted.€€These€rules€do€not€addressÏwhether€the€court€may€consider€the€statementÏitself€in€making€that€determination.€€CompareÏòòDaugherty€v.€Kessleróó,€264€Md.€281,€291„92Ð ü L Ð(1972)€(civil€conspiracy);€and€òòHlista€v.Ð Þ . ÐAltevogtóó,€239€Md.€43,€51€(1965)€(employmentÐ À  Ðrelationship)€with€òòBourjaily€v.€United€Statesóó,Ð ¢ ò  Ð483€U.S.€171,€107€S.Ct.€775€(1987)€(trial€courtÏmay€consider€the€out„of„court€statement€inÏdeciding€whether€foundational€requirements€forÏcoconspirator€exception€have€been€met.)ÌÌ€€(b)€€Other€ExceptionsÌÌ€€€€(1)€€Present€Sense€ImpressionÌÌà ¸ à€€€€A€statement€describing€or€explainingÏan€event€or€condition€made€while€the€declarantÏwas€perceiving€the€event€or€condition,€orÏimmediately€thereafter.ÌÌ€€€€(2)€€Excited€UtteranceÌÌà ¸ à€€€€A€statement€relating€to€a€startlingÏevent€or€condition€made€while€the€declarant€wasÏunder€the€stress€of€excitement€caused€by€theÏevent€or€condition.ÌÌ€€€€(3)€€Then€Existing€Mental,€Emotional,€orÏPhysical€ConditionÌÌà ¸ à€€€€A€statement€of€the€declarant's€thenÏexisting€state€of€mind,€emotion,€sensation,€orÏphysical€condition€(such€as€intent,€plan,Ïmotive,€design,€mental€feeling,€pain,€andÏbodily€health),€offered€to€prove€theÏdeclarant's€then€existing€condition€or€theÏdeclarant's€future€action,€but€not€including€aÏstatement€of€memory€or€belief€to€prove€the€factÏremembered€or€believed€unless€it€relates€to€theÏexecution,€revocation,€identification,€or€termsÏof€declarant's€will.ÌÌ€€€€(4)€€Statements€for€Purposes€of€MedicalÏDiagnosis€or€TreatmentÐ ..~)/ Їà ¸ à€€€€Statements€made€for€purposes€ofÏmedical€treatment€or€medical€diagnosis€inÏcontemplation€of€treatment€and€describingÏmedical€history,€or€past€or€present€symptoms,Ïpain,€or€sensation,€or€the€inception€or€generalÏcharacter€of€the€cause€or€external€sourcesÏthereof€insofar€as€reasonably€pertinent€toÏtreatment€or€diagnosis€in€contemplation€ofÏtreatment.ÌÌ€€€€(5)€€Recorded€RecollectionÌÌà ¸ à€€€€See€Rule€5„802.1(e)€for€recordedÏrecollection.ÌÌ€€€€(6)€€Records€of€Regularly€ConductedÏBusiness€ActivityÌÌà ¸ à€€€€A€memorandum,€report,€record,€or€dataÏcompilation€of€acts,€events,€conditions,Ïopinions,€or€diagnoses€if€(A)€it€was€made€at€orÏnear€the€time€of€the€act,€event,€or€condition,Ïor€the€rendition€of€the€diagnosis,€(B)€it€wasÏmade€by€a€person€with€knowledge€or€fromÏinformation€transmitted€by€a€person€withÏknowledge,€(C)€it€was€made€and€kept€in€theÏcourse€of€a€regularly€conducted€businessÏactivity,€and€(D)€the€regular€practice€of€thatÏbusiness€was€to€make€and€keep€the€memorandum,Ïreport,€record,€or€data€compilation.€€A€recordÏof€this€kind€may€be€excluded€if€the€source€ofÏinformation€or€the€method€or€circumstances€ofÏthe€preparation€of€the€record€indicate€that€theÏinformation€in€the€record€lacksÏtrustworthiness.€€In€this€paragraph,€"business"Ïincludes€business,€institution,€association,Ïprofession,€occupation,€and€calling€of€everyÏkind,€whether€or€not€conducted€for€profit.ÌññÓith€ÓññÌCommittee€note:€€Public€records€specificallyÏexcluded€from€the€public€records€exceptions€inÏsubsection€(b)(8)€of€this€Rule€may€not€beÏadmitted€pursuant€to€this€exception.ÌÌCross€reference:€€Rule€5„902€(11).ÌÌ€€€€(7)€€Absence€of€Entry€in€Records€Kept€inÏAccordance€with€Subsection€(b)(6)Ð ..~)/ Їà ¸ à€€€€Unless€the€circumstances€indicate€aÏlack€of€trustworthiness,€evidence€that€aÏdiligent€search€disclosed€that€a€matter€is€notÏincluded€in€the€memoranda,€reports,€records,€orÏdata€compilations€kept€in€accordance€withÏsubsection€(b)(6),€when€offered€to€prove€theÏnonoccurrence€or€nonexistence€of€the€matter,€ifÏthe€matter€was€of€a€kind€about€which€aÏmemorandum,€report,€record,€or€data€compilationÏwas€regularly€made€and€preserved.ÌÌ€€€€(8)€€Public€Records€and€ReportsÌÌÐ  *z  Ðà ¸ à€€(A)€€Except€as€otherwise€provided€inÏthis€paragraph,€a€memorandum,€report,€record,Ïstatement,€or€data€compilation€made€by€a€publicÏagency€setting€forthÌÌ€€€€€€€€(i)€€the€activities€of€the€agency;ÌÌà ¸ à€€€(ii)€€matters€observed€pursuant€to€aÏduty€imposed€by€law,€as€to€which€matters€thereÏwas€a€duty€to€report;€orÌÌà ¸ à€€€(iii)€€in€civil€actions€and€whenÏoffered€against€the€State€in€criminal€actions,Ïfactual€findings€resulting€from€anÏinvestigation€made€pursuant€to€authorityÏgranted€by€law.ÌÌ€€€€€€(B)€€A€record€offered€pursuant€toÏparagraph€(A)€may€be€excluded€if€the€source€ofÏinformation€or€the€method€or€circumstance€ofÏthe€preparation€of€the€record€indicate€that€theÏrecord€or€the€information€in€the€record€lacksÏtrustworthiness.ÌÌ€€€€€€(C)€€A€record€of€matters€observed€by€aÏlaw€enforcement€person€is€not€admissible€underÏthis€paragraph€when€offered€against€an€accusedÏin€a€criminal€action.ÌÌ€€€€€€(D)€€This€paragraph€does€not€supersedeÏspecific€statutory€provisions€regarding€theÏadmissibility€of€particular€public€records.ÌññÓith€ÓññÌCommittee€note:€€This€section€does€not€mandateÏfollowing€the€interpretation€of€the€termÏ"factual€findings"€set€forth€in€òòBeech€AircraftÐ –#æ# ÐCorp.€v.€Raineyóó,€488€U.S.€153€(1988).€€SeeÐ x$È$ ÐòòEllsworth€v.€Sherne€Lingerie,€Inc.óó,€303€Md.€581Ð Z%ª % Ð(1985).ÌÌ€€€€(9)€€Records€of€Vital€StatisticsÌà ¸ à€€€€Except€as€otherwise€provided€byÏstatute,€records€or€data€compilations€ofÏbirths,€fetal€deaths,€deaths,€or€marriages,€ifÏthe€report€thereof€was€made€to€a€public€officeÏpursuant€to€requirements€of€law.ÌññÓith€ÓññÌCross€reference:€€See€Code,€Health€GeneralÐ ..~)/ ÐArticle,€ðð4„223€€(inadmissibility€of€certainÏinformation€when€paternity€is€contested)€andÏðð5„311€(admissibility€of€medical€examiner'sÏreports).ÌÌÐ   j Ѐ€€€(10)€€Absence€of€Public€Record€or€EntryÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Unless€the€circumstances€indicate€aÏlack€of€trustworthiness,€evidence€in€the€formÏof€testimony€or€a€certification€in€accordanceÏwith€Rule€5„902€that€a€diligent€search€hasÏfailed€to€disclose€a€record,€report,€statement,Ïor€data€compilation€made€by€a€public€agency,€orÏan€entry€therein,€when€offered€to€prove€theÏabsence€of€such€a€record€or€entry€or€theÏnonoccurrence€or€nonexistence€of€a€matter€aboutÏwhich€a€record€was€regularly€made€and€preservedÏby€the€public€agency.ÌÌ€€€€(11)€€Records€of€Religious€OrganizationsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Statements€of€births,€marriages,Ïdivorces,€deaths,€legitimacy,€ancestry,Ïrelationship€by€blood€or€marriage,€or€otherÏsimilar€facts€of€personal€or€family€history,Ïcontained€in€a€regularly€kept€record€of€aÏreligious€organization.ÌÌ€€€€(12)€€Marriage,€Baptismal,€and€SimilarÏCertificatesÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Statements€of€fact€contained€in€aÏcertificate€that€the€maker€performed€a€marriageÏor€other€ceremony€or€administered€a€sacrament,Ïmade€by€a€member€of€the€clergy,€publicÏofficial,€or€other€person€authorized€by€theÏrules€or€practices€of€a€religious€organizationÏor€by€law€to€perform€the€act€certified,€andÏpurporting€to€have€been€issued€at€the€time€ofÏthe€act€or€within€a€reasonable€time€thereafter.ÌÌ€€€€(13)€€Family€RecordsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Statements€of€fact€concerningÏpersonal€or€family€history€contained€in€familyÏBibles,€genealogies,€charts,€engravings€onÏrings,€inscriptions€on€family€portraits,Ïengravings€on€urns,€crypts,€or€tombstones€orÏthe€like.ÌÌ€€€€(14)€€Records€of€Documents€Affecting€anÏInterest€in€PropertyÌÐ ..~)/ Ðà ¸ à€€€€€The€record€of€a€document€purportingÏto€establish€or€affect€an€interest€in€property,Ïas€proof€of€the€content€of€the€originalÏrecorded€document€and€its€execution€andÏdelivery€by€each€person€by€whom€it€purports€toÏhave€been€executed,€if€the€record€is€a€recordÏof€a€public€office€and€a€statute€authorizes€theÏrecording€of€documents€of€that€kind€in€thatÏoffice.ÌÌ€€€€(15)€€Statements€in€Documents€Affecting€anÏInterest€in€PropertyÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€A€statement€contained€in€a€documentÏpurporting€to€establish€or€affect€an€interestÏin€property€if€the€matter€stated€was€relevantÏto€the€purpose€of€the€document,€unless€dealingsÏwith€the€property€since€the€document€was€madeÏhave€been€inconsistent€with€the€truth€of€theÏstatement€or€the€purport€of€the€document€or€theÏcircumstances€otherwise€indicate€lack€ofÏtrustworthiness.ÌÌ€€€€(16)€€Statements€in€Ancient€DocumentsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Statements€in€a€document€in€existenceÏtwenty€years€or€more,€the€authenticity€of€whichÏis€established,€unless€the€circumstancesÏindicate€lack€of€trustworthiness.€€ÌÌ€€€€(17)€€Market€Reports€and€PublishedÏCompilationsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Market€quotations,€tabulations,Ïlists,€directories,€and€other€publishedÏcompilations,€generally€used€and€reasonablyÏrelied€upon€by€the€public€or€by€persons€inÏparticular€occupations.ÌÌ€€€€(18)€€Learned€TreatisesÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€To€the€extent€called€to€the€attentionÏof€an€expert€witness€upon€cross„examination€orÏrelied€upon€by€the€expert€witness€in€directÏexamination,€statements€contained€in€aÏpublished€treatise,€periodical,€or€pamphlet€onÏa€subject€of€history,€medicine,€or€otherÏscience€or€art,€established€as€a€reliableÐ ..~)/ Ðauthority€by€the€testimony€or€admission€of€theÏwitness,€by€other€expert€testimony,€or€byÏjudicial€notice.€€If€admitted,€the€statementsÏmay€be€read€into€evidence€but€may€not€beÏreceived€as€exhibits.ÌÌ€€€€(19)€€Reputation€Concerning€Personal€orÏFamily€HistoryÌÌÐ  ¢ ò  Ðà ¸ à€€€€€Reputation,€prior€to€the€controversyÏbefore€the€court,€among€members€of€a€person'sÏfamily€by€blood,€adoption,€or€marriage,€orÏamong€a€person's€associates,€or€in€theÏcommunity,€concerning€a€person's€birth,Ïadoption,€marriage,€divorce,€death,€or€otherÏsimilar€fact€of€personal€or€family€history.ÌÌ€€€€(20)€€Reputation€Concerning€Boundaries€orÏGeneral€HistoryÌÌà ¸ à€(A)€€Reputation€in€a€community,€prior€toÏthe€controversy€before€the€court,€as€toÏboundaries€of,€interests€in,€or€customsÏaffecting€lands€in€the€community.ÌÌà ¸ à€(B)€€Reputation€as€to€events€of€generalÏhistory€important€to€the€community,€state,€orÏnation€where€the€historical€events€occurred.ÌÌ€€€€(21)€€Reputation€as€to€CharacterÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Reputation€of€a€person's€characterÏamong€associates€or€in€the€community.ÌÌ€€€€(22)€€ò ò[Vacant]ó ó€€ò òJudgment€of€PreviousÐ Â ÐConvictionó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌà ¸ à€€€€€ò òThere€is€no€subsection€22.ó ó€€ò òEvidenceÐ h¸ Ðof€a€final€judgment,€entered€after€a€trial€orÏupon€a€plea€of€guilty€(but€not€upon€a€plea€ofÏnolo€contendere),€adjudging€a€person€guilty€ofÏa€crime€punishable€by€death€or€imprisonment€inÏexcess€of€one€year,€to€prove€any€fact€essentialÏto€sustain€the€judgment.€€In€criminal€cases,Ïthe€State€may€not€offer€evidence€of€a€judgmentÏagainst€persons€other€than€the€accused,€exceptÏfor€purposes€of€impeachment.€€The€pendency€ofÏan€appeal€may€be€shown€but€does€not€precludeÏadmissibility.ó óÐ 'n"' ÐññÓattoÓññò òÌCommittee€note:€€This€section€is€derivedÏwithout€substantive€change€from€F.R.Ev.€803Ï(22).€€Any€language€differences€are€solely€forÏpurposes€of€style€and€clarification.ó óÐ ˆ+Ø&, ÐÌ€€€€(23)€€Judgment€as€to€Personal,€Family,€orÏGeneral€History,€or€BoundariesÐ ..~)/ Їà ¸ à€€€€€Judgments€as€proof€of€matters€ofÏpersonal,€family,€or€general€history,€orÏboundaries,€essential€to€the€judgment,€if€the€Ð  tÄ Ðmatter€would€be€provable€by€evidence€ofÏreputation€under€subsections€(19)€or€(20).ÌÌ€€€€(24)€€Other€ExceptionsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€Under€exceptional€circumstances,€theÏfollowing€are€not€excluded€by€the€hearsay€rule,Ïeven€though€the€declarant€is€available€as€aÏwitness:€€A€statement€not€specifically€coveredÏby€any€of€the€foregoing€exceptions€but€havingÏequivalent€circumstantial€guarantees€ofÏtrustworthiness,€if€the€court€determines€thatÏ(A)€the€statement€is€offered€as€evidence€of€aÏmaterial€fact;€(B)€the€statement€is€moreÏprobative€on€the€point€for€which€it€is€offeredÏthan€any€other€evidence€which€the€proponent€canÏprocure€through€reasonable€efforts;€and€(C)€theÏgeneral€purposes€of€these€rules€and€theÏinterests€of€justice€will€best€be€served€byÏadmission€of€the€statement€into€evidence.€€AÏstatement€may€not€be€admitted€under€thisÏexception€unless€the€proponent€of€it€makesÏknown€to€the€adverse€party,€sufficiently€inÏadvance€of€the€trial€or€hearing€to€provide€theÏadverse€party€with€a€fair€opportunity€toÏprepare€to€meet€it,€the€intention€to€offer€theÏstatement€and€the€particulars€of€it,€includingÏthe€name€and€address€of€the€declarant.ÌññÓattoÓññÌCommittee€note:€€The€residual€exceptionsÏprovided€by€Rule€5„803€(b)(24)€and€Rule€5„804Ï(b)(5)€do€not€contemplate€an€unfetteredÏexercise€of€judicial€discretion,€but€they€doÏprovide€for€treating€new€and€presentlyÏunanticipated€situations€which€demonstrate€aÏtrustworthiness€within€the€spirit€of€theÏspecifically€stated€exceptions.€€Within€thisÏframework,€room€is€left€for€growth€andÏdevelopment€of€the€law€of€evidence€in€theÏhearsay€area,€consistently€with€the€broadÏpurposes€expressed€in€Rule€5„102.ÌÌà ¸ àIt€is€intended€that€the€residual€hearsayÏexceptions€will€be€used€very€rarely,€and€onlyÏin€exceptional€circumstances.€€The€CommitteeÏdoes€not€intend€to€establish€a€broad€licenseÏfor€trial€judges€to€admit€hearsay€statementsÏthat€do€not€fall€within€one€of€the€otherÐ ..~)/ Ðexceptions€contained€in€Rules€5„803€and€5„804Ï(b).€€The€residual€exceptions€are€not€meant€toÏauthorize€major€judicial€revisions€of€theÏhearsay€rule,€including€its€present€exceptions.€ÏSuch€major€revisions€are€best€accomplished€byÏamendments€to€the€Rule€itself.€€It€is€intendedÏthat€in€any€case€in€which€evidence€is€sought€toÏbe€admitted€under€these€subsections,€the€trialÏjudge€will€exercise€no€less€care,€reflection,Ïand€caution€than€the€courts€did€under€theÏcommon€law€in€establishing€the€now„recognizedÏexceptions€to€the€hearsay€rule.ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(25)€Statements€Concerning€AssaultiveÐ *z  ÐBehavioró óÐ  \  ÐÌà ¸ à€€€€ò òA€statement€concerning€assaultiveÐ Ð  Ðbehavior€to€which€the€declarant€was€subjected,Ïif€the€court€determines€that€the€time,€content,Ïand€circumstances€of€the€statement€provideÏsufficient€indicia€of€reliability.€€A€statementÏis€admissible€under€this€subsection€only€if:€Ï(A)€at€the€time€the€statement€was€made,€theÏdeclarant€was€(i)€under€the€age€of€12€years€orÏ(ii)€chronologically€12€years€or€older,€but€hadÏa€mental€or€developmental€age€of€under€12,Ïbecause€of€mental€retardation€or€developmentalÏdisability,€as€defined€in€Code,€Health„GeneralÏArticle,€ðððð7„101€(l)€and€7„101€(e);€€(B)€theÏproponent€of€the€statement€makes€known€to€theÏadverse€party,€sufficiently€in€advance€of€theÏtrial€or€hearing€to€provide€the€adverse€partyÏwith€a€fair€opportunity€to€prepare€to€meet€it,Ïthe€intention€to€offer€the€statement€and€theÏparticulars€of€it,€including€the€name€andÏaddress€of€the€declarant;€and€(C)€the€courtÏmakes€a€finding€on€the€record€as€to€each€of€theÏfollowing€specific€indicia€of€reliability€thatÏare€present€or€absent:ó óÐ <&Œ!& ÐÌ€€€€€€ò ò(i)€€the€declarant's€personal€knowledgeÐ (P#( Ðof€the€event,ó óÐ â(2$) ÐÌ€€€€€€ò ò(ii)€€any€apparent€motive€or€lack€ofÐ ¦*ö%+ Ðmotive€to€fabricate€or€exhibit€partiality€byÏthe€declarant,ó óÐ j,º'- ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(iii)€€any€apparent€motive€or€lack€ofÐ ..~)/ Ðmotive€to€fabricate€or€exhibit€partiality€byÏthe€witness€to€whom€the€statement€was€made,ó óÐ ’â ÐÌ€€€€€€ò ò(iv)€€whether€the€statement€wasÐ V¦ Ðspontaneous,ó óÐ 8ˆ ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(v)€€the€timing€of€the€statement,ó óÐ ü L ÐÌ€€€€€€ò ò(vi)€€the€content€of€the€statement,ó óÐ À  ÐññÓhis€Óññò òÌCommittee€note:€€This€factor€includes,€forÏexample,€whether€the€declarant's€young€ageÏmakes€it€unlikely€that€the€declarant€fabricatedÏthe€statement€that€represents€a€graphic,Ïdetailed€account€beyond€an€unabused€declarant'sÏknowledge€and€experience€and€theÏappropriateness€of€the€terminology€to€theÏdeclarant's€age.ó óÐ ² ÐÌ€€€€€€ò ò(vii)€€the€nature€and€duration€of€theÐ vÆ Ðalleged€assaultive€behavior,ó óÐ X¨ ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(viii)€€the€inner€consistency€andÐ l Ðcoherence€of€the€statement,ó óÐ þN ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(ix)€€whether€the€declarant€was€sufferingÐ Â Ðpain€or€distress€when€making€the€statement,ó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(x)€€whether€the€substance€of€theÐ h¸ Ðstatement€was€suggested€by€the€use€of€leadingÏquestions,€andó óÐ ,| ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(xi)€€whether€the€witness€to€whom€theÐ ð @  Ðstatement€was€made€is€one€to€whom€the€declarantÏnormally€would€turn€for€protection,€solace,€orÏadvice.ó óÐ –#æ# ÐññÓhis€Óññò òÌCommittee€note:€€Subsection€(b)(25)€of€thisÏRule€does€not€limit€the€admission€of€an€offeredÏstatement€under€any€other€applicable€hearsayÏexception€or€law.ó óÐ (P#( ÐÌà ¸ àò òIn€this€subsection,€motive€includesÐ Ä)%* Ðinterest,€bias,€corruption,€and€coercion.ó óÐ ¦*ö%+ ÐÌà ¸ àò òIn€òòIdaho€v.€Wrightóó,€497€U.S.€805€(1990),€aÐ j,º'- Ðmajority€of€the€Supreme€Court€held€that,€inÏdetermining€the€admissibility€of€a€childÐ ..~)/ Ðvictim's€hearsay€statement,€the€court€may€notÏconsider€corroborating€evidence.ó óÐ ’â ÐÌò òó óÌññÓhis€ÓññSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€as€follows:Ì€€òòSection€(a)óó€is€derived€from€F.R.Ev.€801Ð  j Ð(d)(2).Ì€€òòSection€(b)óó€is€derived€from€F.R.Ev.€803ò ò,Ð Þ . Ðexcept€that€subsection€(b)(25)€is€new.ó óÐ À  ÐÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€5„803€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter's€Note.ÌÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÐ  î>  Ðà ¸ àThe€proposed€amendments€to€Rule€5„803€addÏtwo€categories€to€the€list€of€types€of€hearsayÏthat€are€not€excluded€by€the€hearsay€rule€evenÏthough€the€declarant€is€available€as€a€witness.ÌÌà ¸ àWhen€new€Title€5€was€transmitted€to€theÏCourt€of€Appeals€with€the€One€Hundred€Twenty„¼Fifth€Report€of€the€Rules€Committee,€Rule€5„803Ïcontained€a€proposed€subsection€(b)(22),ÏJudgment€of€Previous€Conviction.€€When€theÏCourt€adopted€Rule€5„803,€it€declined€toÏadopted€subsection€(b)(22).€€In€rejectingÏsubsection€(b)(22),€members€of€the€CourtÏexpressed€policy€concerns€about€the€fact€thatÏthe€subsection€deviates€from€existing€case€lawÏand€about€any€effect€that€the€subsection€mightÏhave€on€recidivist€statutes.€€As€a€result€ofÏsome€recent€civil€cases€in€several€courtsÏinvolving€the€"slayer's€rule,"€the€EvidenceÏSubcommittee€has€concluded€that€it€would€beÏappropriate€to€request€that€the€CourtÏreconsider€adopting€subsection€(b)(22),€whichÏhas€been€redrafted€with€style€changes.€ÏAdditionally,€because€subsection€(b)(22)Ïaddresses€only€the€admissibility€of€evidence,Ïnot€whether€that€evidence€conclusivelyÏestablishes€the€convicted€individual€as€theÏdecedent's€killer€in€a€"slayer's€rule"€action,Ïthe€Subcommittee€suggests€that€the€LegislatureÏconsider€a€statutory€change€with€respect€to€theÏissue€of€conclusiveness€of€the€previousÏconviction€in€"slayer's€rule"€actions.ÌÌà ¸ àThe€second€proposed€new€subsection€isÏsubsection€(b)(25),€Statements€ConcerningÏAssaultive€Behavior,€a€"tender€years€exception"Ïto€the€hearsay€rule,€applicable€in€both€civilÏand€criminal€proceedings.€€Subject€toÏsafeguards€to€keep€unreliable€statements€out€ofÏevidence,€subsection€(b)(25)€allows€admissionÏof€a€child's€out„of„court€statement€concerningÏassaultive€behavior€to€which€the€child€wasÏsubjected.€€For€a€statement€to€be€admissibleÏunder€this€subsection,€(1)€the€statement€mustÏhave€been€made€by€a€person€with€a€chronologicalÏor€mental€age€of€under€12€years€at€the€time€theÏstatement€was€made,€(2)€the€proponent€of€theÏstatement€must€have€given€an€advance€noticeÐ ..~)/ Ðsimilar€to€the€advance€notice€requirement€setÏforth€in€subsection€(b)(24)€of€this€Rule,€andÏ(3)€the€court€must€determine€that€the€time,Ïcontent,€and€circumstances€of€the€statementÏprovide€sufficient€indicia€of€reliability€andÏmust€make€a€specific€finding€on€the€record€asÏto€each€indicia€of€reliability€listed€in€theÏRule.€€The€list€of€indicia€of€reliability€isÏbased€upon€the€list€set€out€at€pp.€43„44€of€theÏOctober€6,€1997€memorandum€of€Professor€LynnÏMcLain,€with€the€addition€of€subsectionÏ(b)(25)(c)(iii),€concerning€motive€or€lack€ofÏmotive€to€fabricate€or€exhibit€partiality€byÏthe€witness.€€Also,€with€respect€to€the€"tenderÏyears€exception,"€the€Subcommittee€recommendsÏthat€concurrent€legislative€changes€be€made€toÏCode,€Article€27,€ðð775.ÌÌÌÓÓÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àMr.€Titus€explained€that€this€provision€involves€a€"tenderÏyears"€exception€to€the€hearsay€rule,€applicable€in€both€civil€andÏcriminal€proceedings.€€The€Evidence€Subcommittee€had€already€held€aÏspirited€discussion€of€this€issue.€€Various€letters€both€in€supportÏof€and€against€the€proposed€changes€have€been€received.€€The€currentÏstatute,€Code,€Article€27,€ðð775€which€covers€criminal€cases€providesÏthat€the€child's€out„of„court€statement€concerning€assaultiveÏbehavior€to€which€the€child€was€subjected€has€to€be€made€to€certainÏprofessionals€in€order€to€be€admissible.€€Ìà  àProfessor€Lynn€McLain,€a€consultant€to€the€Evidence€Subcom„Ïmittee,€told€the€Committee€that€the€first€version€of€the€statuteÏpertaining€to€the€"tender€years"€exception€was€passed€in€1988.€€TheÏstatute€is€a€perennial€in€the€General€Assembly.€€Other€states€haveÏsimilar€exceptions.€€The€case€of€òòWalker€v.€Stateóó,€107€Md.€App.€502Ð j,º'- Ð(1995)€foreclosed€the€use€of€a€catchall€exception€which€would€allowÐ ..~)/ Ðthe€admission€of€hearsay€evidence€against€an€accused€in€a€criminalÏtrial€where€the€evidence€is€not€admissible€under€a€recognizedÏexception€to€the€hearsay€rule.€€ò òó óCorrespondence€from€the€Hon.€RobertÐ 8ˆ ÐKarwacki€and€the€House€Judiciary€Committee€has€asked€the€RulesÏCommittee€to€look€at€a€rule€change€or€proposal€for€legislationÏintended€to€allow€judges€to€hear€the€hearsay€complaints€of€allegedlyÏabused€children,€so€that€the€judges€could€decide€if€there€isÏsufficient€indicia€of€reliability€to€allow€the€statements€intoÏevidence.€€The€proposed€Rule€is€different€from€current€law,€whichÏonly€allows€persons€from€certain€occupations€who€are€witnesses€toÏtestify.€€The€Vice€Chair€asked€if€this€was€statutory.€€ProfessorÏMcLain€replied€that€there€is€a€statute€which€has€been€amended€manyÏtimes.€€The€perennial€fight€is€on€the€issue€of€whether€theÏprofessionals€who€testify€as€to€what€the€children€said€should€beÏlimited€to€being€in€certain€occupations.€€ò òó óCurrently,€a€parent,Ð h¸ Ðminister,€school€counselor,€or€friend€would€be€precluded€fromÏtestifying.€€Robert€Dean,€Esq.,€Acting€State's€Attorney€forÏMontgomery€County,€who€is€a€member€of€the€Rules€Committee,€but€wasÏunable€to€attend€today's€meeting€sent€in€a€letter,€which€is€part€ofÏthe€meeting€materials€for€today,€in€which€he€objects€to€theÏoccupations€in€the€statute€being€so€limited.Ìà  àProfessor€McLain€said€that€as€long€as€there€are€safeguards€toÏmake€a€pretrial€determination€as€to€reliability,€a€statement€by€aÏchild€concerning€the€child's€abuse€should€be€able€to€be€admitted.€€InÐ L-œ(. Ðher€memorandum€(See€Appendix€2),€she€answered€questions€which€hadÏarisen€in€the€General€Assembly.€€One€question€was€why€this€provisionÏis€necessary.€€The€practical€problem€is€that€young€children€oftenÏcannot€testify€at€trial.€€The€court€may€find€them€incompetent€toÏtestify€because€they€are€intimidated€or€because€of€the€psychologicalÏdevelopment€of€the€age€of€the€child.€€The€Rule€allows€the€judge€toÏlook€at€all€of€the€circumstances€and€evaluate€the€testimony€forÏreliability.€€In€the€case€of€òòIdaho€v.€Wrightóó,€497€U.S.€805€(1990),Ð  \  Ðthe€Supreme€Court€held€that€the€Constitution€does€not€bar€out„of„¼court€statements€by€a€child€as€long€as€the€judge€looks€at€factorsÏwhich€state€and€federal€courts€have€identified€to€make€sure€theÏchild's€statements€are€reliable.€€The€proposed€Rule€lists€sixÏfactors.€€Professor€McLain€noted€that€one€of€the€factors,€anyÏapparent€motive€or€lack€of€motive€to€fabricate€or€exhibit€partialityÏby€the€witness€to€whom€the€statement€was€made,€gives€her€pause.€€ThisÏgoes€beyond€the€credibility€of€the€declarant;€it€is€the€credibilityÏof€the€witness€who€is€testifying€to€the€out„of„court€statement.€€NoÏother€hearsay€exception€judges€the€truthfulness€of€the€witness.€€ThisÏcan€be€typically€attacked€on€cross„examination.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€stated€that€several€people€were€present€at€theÏmeeting€to€speak€on€this€issue.€€The€proposed€Rule€is€a€combinationÏof€language€used€and€approved€by€the€Court€of€Appeals€in€other€rulesÏof€evidence.€€Two€issues€to€determine€are€whether€the€statement€ofÏthe€child€should€only€be€allowed€in€criminal€cases,€since€the€statuteÐ L-œ(. Ðonly€applies€in€criminal€cases,€and€the€laundry€list€of€factors€toÏassess€reliability.€€Mr.€Dean€had€pointed€out€in€his€letter€thatÏMaryland€is€the€only€state€which€excludes€someone€from€testifyingÏbased€on€occupational€related€qualifying€criteria.€€One€aspect€of€theÏproposed€Rule€to€consider€is€that€the€judge€must€address€the€motiveÏof€the€witness€to€whom€the€out„of„court€statement€was€made.€€ThisÏwould€not€be€the€only€area€of€evidence€law€in€which€the€trial€judgeÏgets€involved€in€weighing€the€credibility€of€the€witness.€€AÏdeclaration€against€penal€interest€offered€to€exculpate€the€accusedÏis€excluded€unless€there€is€a€lack€of€motivation€to€falsify€shown.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€said€that€several€people€would€be€speaking€about€theÏproposed€Rule.€€Three€are€in€support€of€the€Rule€and€three€areÏopposed.€€First,€a€proponent€will€speak€and€then€an€opponent.€€TheÏfirst€speaker€was€Sue€Schenning,€Esq.,€Deputy€State's€Attorney€inÏBaltimore€County.€€Ms.€Schenning€told€the€Committee€that€she€has€beenÏa€prosecutor€for€20€years.€€The€prosecutors€are€concerned€becauseÏCode,€Article€27,€ðð775,€the€existing€law€pertaining€to€testimony€byÏchildren,€does€not€work.€€Often€the€children€under€the€age€of€12Ïyears€who€come€to€court€to€testify€freeze€up,€because€the€courtroomÏsetting€scares€them.€€They€become€so€intimidated€that€they€are€notÏable€to€testify.€€In€Baltimore€County€when€a€suspected€child€abuse€isÏreported,€a€social€worker€speaks€to€the€children€involved.€€AccordingÏto€the€categories€in€the€statute,€if€a€policeman€or€policewomanÏspeaks€to€the€children,€the€police€are€not€able€to€testify€as€to€whatÐ L-œ(. Ðthe€children€said.€€In€Baltimore€City,€there€is€no€social€worker€toÏspeak€with€the€children€nor,€in€the€vast€majority€of€child€abuseÏcases,€is€there€any€person€who€qualifies€under€the€statute.€ÏGenerally€"human€service€workers"€speak€to€the€alleged€victims,€andÏthese€workers€are€not€included€in€the€categories€in€the€statute.€ÏOther€groups€of€professionals,€such€as€nurses€in€hospital€emergencyÏrooms,€are€not€included€in€the€statute.€€Many€of€the€physicians€inÏthe€emergency€rooms€are€not€licensed€in€Maryland€because€they€are€inÏtraining,€and€therefore,€they€do€not€fall€under€the€statute,€either.€ÏMany€statements€made€by€children€cannot€be€heard€in€court.€€Ìà  àMs.€Schenning€said€that€she€is€bothered€by€the€inequity€whichÏhas€resulted.€€The€categories€in€the€statute€are€part€of€the€peculiarÏnature€of€the€problem.€€Proponents€of€a€change€in€the€statute€haveÏgone€to€the€legislature€many€times€to€try€to€correct€the€problem.€ÏThere€is€no€reasonable€relationship€between€the€categories€and€theÏreliability€of€the€out„of„court€statement.€€The€Maryland€State€BarÏAssociation€(MSBA)€has€requested€that€a€requirement€that€theÏdeclarant€be€unavailable€be€added€to€the€statute.€€Ms.€SchenningÏexplained€that€this€would€not€work.€€It€was€originally€in€theÏstatute,€but€it€was€taken€out.€€If€it€were€written€back€in,€it€wouldÏrender€the€statute€a€nullity.€€There€would€be€no€way€to€get€childÏhearsay€admitted.€€The€expert€who€testifies€would€have€to€find€thatÏthe€child€is€unable€to€testify€in€the€presence€of€the€defendant.€ÏThat€is€usually€not€the€problem€„„€it€is€the€atmosphere€of€theÐ L-œ(. Ðcourtroom€which€upsets€the€child.Ìà  àThe€next€speaker€was€Judith€Catterton,€Esq.,€who€is€a€member€ofÏthe€Criminal€Law€Section€of€the€MSBA.€€She€said€she€was€notÏrepresenting€any€group,€but€testifying€on€her€own€behalf.€€She€notedÏthat€she€is€a€defense€attorney€in€criminal€cases,€but€she€hadÏpreviously€been€a€prosecutor.€€She€commented€that€although€theÏproposed€Rule€was€well„intentioned,€it€could€be€devastating.€€ItÏwould€cause€an€extraordinarily€important€change.€€It€would€impactÏChild€in€Need€of€Assistance€(CINA)€cases€and€delinquency€cases,€whichÏare€non„jury€cases€in€which€the€judge€makes€the€decision€as€toÏreliability.€€The€anomaly€is€that€the€judge€will€hear€bolsteringÏproffers€crediting€hearsay.€€What€can€an€attorney€do€if€the€judgeÏlets€in€the€hearsay€which€he€or€she€credits?€€The€stakes€areÏenormous,€involving€the€custody€of€children€and€visitation€rights.€ÏOften€there€are€no€depositions€and€no€interviews,€even€with€theÏperson€who€is€going€to€testify.€€The€accuser€is€offering€keyÏevidence,€and€the€attorney€cannot€interview€the€child€or€the€witness,Ïwho€may€be€the€estranged€spouse€of€the€alleged€abuser.€€Even€inÏcriminal€cases,€when€there€is€a€jury€trial,€if€the€proposed€Rule€wereÏin€place,€the€defense€may€not€know€if€the€child€or€someone€else€willÏbe€testifying.€€There€may€be€elaborate€indicia€of€reliability€ofÏwhich€the€defense€would€not€be€aware,€and€there€would€be€no€way€toÏprepare€for€the€trial.€€The€defense€may€wish€to€use€a€differentÏopening€statement€depending€on€who€testifies€in€the€case.€€Ð L-œ(. Ðà  àMs.€Catterton€expressed€the€opinion€that€there€is€no€need€forÏthe€proposed€Rule.€€She€stated€that€she€never€had€a€case€either€as€aÏprosecutor€or€a€defense€attorney€where€a€child€was€unable€to€testifyÏbecause€he€or€she€was€intimidated.€€She€had€qualified€children€asÏyoung€as€four€to€seven€years€of€age.€€She€said€that€she€did€not€knowÏhow€other€states€handle€this.€€In€Maryland,€in€camera€testimony€hasÏbeen€upheld.€€Other€available€techniques€include€videotaping€andÏsimulation€taping€to€accommodate€a€frightened€child.€€Also,€there€isÏa€statute,€Code,€Courts€Article,€ðð9„103.1,€which€allows€testimonyÏthrough€a€health€care€provider,€and€the€category€of€teacher€has€beenÏadded.€€She€remarked€that€she€is€convinced€that€the€change€to€theÏRule€will€affect€innocent€people€who€may€go€to€jail€or€lose€parentalÏrights.€€Ìà  àThe€next€speaker€was€Ellen€Mugmon€of€the€Governor's€Council€onÏChild€Abuse€and€Neglect.€€She€said€that€the€legislation€had€beenÏdrafted€differently€by€the€Governor's€Task€Force.€€The€CouncilÏdisagrees€with€the€opponents€to€the€Rule.€€Ms.€Mugmon's€belief€isÏthat€the€Council€is€concerned€about€fairness€to€parents€who€cannotÏtestify€because€they€are€not€part€of€the€statutory€list.€€TheÏAmerican€Bar€Association€did€a€study€of€9000€contested€custody€cases.€ÏIn€only€two€percent€of€the€cases€were€false€accusations€made.€€ThisÏis€a€rare€situation.€€The€Maryland€State€Teachers'€AssociationÏtestified€that€accusations€against€teachers€are€rampant.€€However,Ïthere€have€only€been€46€in€a€ten„year€period€in€Howard€County,Ð L-œ(. Ðincluding€some€against€bus€drivers.€€There€are€40,000€students€andÏ3,000€teachers€in€Maryland.€€Some€of€the€accusations€involve€highÏschool€students,€who€are€not€covered€by€the€statute.€€The€courtsÏshould€not€be€barred€from€considering€reliable€testimony.€€Case€lawÏis€replete€with€cases€involving€children€who€are€unable€orÏincompetent€to€testify.€€Ms.€Mugmon€stated€that€she€is€in€support€ofÏthe€proposed€Rule.Ìà  àThomas€Morrow,€Esq.€spoke€next.€€He€explained€that€he€wasÏspeaking€for€himself€as€a€defense€attorney,€but€the€Criminal€LawÏSection€of€the€MSBA€was€also€in€agreement€with€his€views.€€He€statedÏthat€there€is€no€criminal€defense€attorney€who€would€not€view€theÏproposed€Rule€as€a€catastrophe.€€He€said€that€defense€attorneysÏrecognize€the€problem€of€child€abuse€„„€there€are€250,000€reportedÏcases€each€year.€€He€had€previously€been€a€prosecutor,€and€heÏexpressed€the€view€that€cases€are€not€dropped€due€to€unavailableÏwitnesses.€€The€problem€with€the€proposed€Rule€is€that€it€does€notÏprovide€for€in€camera€testimony,€and€it€eliminates€depositions.€€TheÏterm€"assaultive€behavior"€is€broader€than€child€sexual€abuse.€€HeÏlooked€at€the€legislation€in€other€states€as€noted€in€Prof.€McLain'sÏmemorandum,€and€every€one€refers€to€sexual€abuse€or€behavior,€notÏassaultive€behavior.€€This€is€a€significant€problem€in€civilÏprocedure.€€The€two€percent€number€mentioned€by€Ms.€Mugmon€as€casesÏwhere€there€have€been€false€accusations€refers€to€domestic€relationsÏlitigation.€€€Many€attorneys€in€custody€battles€raise€the€issue€ofÐ L-œ(. Ðchild€abuse.€€There€are€reasons€to€have€the€restrictive€categories€ofÏwitnesses,€because€they€are€persons€who€are€not€biased.€€To€eliminateÏthese€categories€opens€up€a€Pandora's€box€of€testimony€by€biasedÏpeople.€€The€tender€years€exception€of€12€years€of€age€and€under€mayÏnot€make€sense.€€Children€of€ages€10€and€11€are€committing€offenses.€ÏThe€age€requirement€should€be€related€to€the€demographics€of€society.Ìà  àMr.€Morrow€said€that€the€issue€of€the€unavailability€ofÏwitnesses€is€critical.€€As€Professor€McLain€refers€to€in€herÏmemorandum,€other€states€implicitly€or€explicitly€require€the€witnessÏto€be€unavailable.€€If€the€witness€is€unavailable,€there€is€a€greaterÏneed€for€hearsay€to€be€admitted.€€Professor€McLain€cites€the€case€ofÏòòOhio€v.€Robertsóó,€448€U.S.€56€(1980)€which€discusses€the€indicia€ofÐ l Ðreliability.€€The€case€of€òòWhite€v.€Illinoisóó,€502€U.S.€346€(1992)Ð à0 Ðdeals€with€excited€utterances,€and€it€holds€that€the€declarant'sÏunavailability€need€not€be€shown.€€òòBourjaily€v.€United€Statesóó,€483Ð h¸ ÐU.S.€117€(1987)€holds€that€statements€by€a€co„conspirator€areÏadmissible,€since€the€declarant€was€unavailable€to€testify.€€UnderÏthe€proposed€rule,€the€judge€weighs€the€factors€and€makes€an€òòadóó€òòhocóóÐ ´"" Ðdetermination.€€The€standard€is€variable,€and€it€is€unworkable.€€Mr.ÏMorrow€said€that€he€is€not€in€favor€of€child€abuse,€but€in€defendingÏthose€who€are€accused,€the€proposed€Rule€would€make€inroads€into€theÏright€to€confront€€witnesses.€€à  àÐ Ä)%* Ðà  àThe€next€person€to€speak€was€Eileen€McInerney,€Esq.,€anÏAssistant€State's€Attorney€in€Howard€County.€€She€told€the€CommitteeÐ L-œ(. Ðthat€her€area€of€concentration€is€in€these€child€abuse€cases.€€TheÏchild€hearsay€statute€is€very€difficult€to€deal€with.€€DepositionsÏare€not€allowed€in€any€other€criminal€proceedings.€€The€proposed€RuleÏeliminates€depositions.€€It€is€appropriate€for€defense€counsel€toÏhave€a€pretrial€hearing.€€This€would€help€with€the€problem€of€trialÏcounsel€not€knowing€what€to€expect.€€She€noted€that€her€experienceÏhas€been€with€open€file€discovery€which€involves€giving€the€defendantÏeverything€in€the€file€and€making€the€witnesses€available.€€A€hearingÏis€held€well€in€advance€of€the€trial€to€determine€if€the€testimony€isÏinherently€reliable.€€Hearsay€evidence€will€not€be€offered€if€it€isÏnot€inherently€reliable.€€The€evidence€is€weighed€closely.€€HerÏoffice€is€conservative€and€careful€that€what€they€do€meets€theÏcriteria.Ìà  àThe€next€speaker€was€Julia€Bernhardt,€Esq.,€an€Assistant€PublicÏDefender.€€She€said€that€the€view€of€the€Office€of€the€PublicÏDefender€is€that€the€issue€of€children's€hearsay€is€one€that€theÏlegislature€should€handle.€€The€proposed€Rule€has€eliminated€theÏstatutory€safeguards€which€the€legislature€has€deemed€desirable.€€TheÏU.S.€Supreme€Court€has€deemed€this€type€ofÌevidence€unreliable€under€the€confrontation€clause€in€theÏConstitution.€€Limited€data€are€available€as€to€whether€testimony€byÏchildren€is€reliable.€€This€is€an€emotional€issue€which€requiresÏinvestigation.€€The€legislature€has€rejected€amendments€to€theÏstatute,€and€to€make€a€significant€change€to€the€Rule€would€be€aÐ L-œ(. Ðserious€mistake.€€Allowing€leading€questions€by€untrained€personsÏcould€ruin€lives.€€The€legislature€may€have€concluded€that€trainedÏprofessionals€would€not€ask€leading€questions.€€Ms.€BernhardtÏreiterated€that€this€is€a€legislative€policy€question,€and€theÏproposed€Rule€change€would€essentially€repeal€the€existing€statute.€ÏThe€òòWalkeróó€case€is€correct.Ð „ Ô  Ðà  àThe€Chair€said€that€the€òòWalkeróó€case€does€not€refer€to€theÐ H˜  Ðchanges€proposed€by€the€Rule.€€He€questioned€whether€the€changesÏproposed€in€the€Rule€should€be€done€by€rule€or€by€statute.€€€TheÏRules€of€Evidence€expressly€contemplate€legislation€concerning€theÏadmissibility€of€evidence.€€If€the€legislative€changes€are€the€mostÏrecent,€this€would€control.€€In€the€federal€rules,€Congress€has€a€sayÏin€the€process€when€changes€to€the€Federal€Rules€of€Evidence€areÏmade.€€The€statute€is€fundamentally€flawed€in€that€evidence€that€isÏso€potentially€unreliable€can€only€be€presented€in€criminal€cases.€ÏMany€cases€are€better€tried€on€the€domestic€equity€side.€€It€would€beÏpreferable€for€a€judge€rather€than€a€jury€to€decide€the€case.€€It€isÏwrong€to€limit€this€to€criminal€cases.€€To€avoid€trial€by€ambush,€theÏRule€has€safeguards€built€into€it€such€as€those€built€into€theÏcatchall€exception,€including€provisions€for€notice,€etc.€€This€isÏalso€the€only€area€of€criminal€procedure€to€have€depositions.€€In€aÏcase€such€as€òòWhite€v.€Illinoisóó€there€could€be€a€false€accusation.€InÐ Ä)%* Ðthe€òòWhiteóó€case,€Mrs.€White€said€that€the€child€was€screaming,€and€sheÐ ˆ+Ø&, Ðalso€said€that€she€could€see€that€the€child€was€bleeding.€€TheÐ L-œ(. Ðchild's€testimony€that€the€father€was€the€culprit€was€admitted€intoÏevidence.€€In€this€case,€Mrs.€White€could€have€been€lying.€€HerÏtestimony€would€fall€into€the€category€of€evidence€which€does€notÏcome€in€under€the€Maryland€statute.€€People€will€always€lie,€andÏjudges€have€to€decide€veracity.€€A€parent's€testimony€may€beÏunreliable,€especially€in€the€midst€of€a€domestic€argument.€€If€theÏCommittee€decides€to€send€the€Rule€to€the€Court€of€Appeals,€it€willÏbe€up€to€the€Court€to€decide.Ìà  àJudge€McAuliffe€asked€the€prosecutors€who€were€present€if€thereÏhas€been€any€use€of€a€witness€coordinator€to€familiarize€the€childÏwith€the€courtroom,€making€it€possible€for€young€children€to€beÏcomfortable€enough€to€testify.€€Ms.€Schenning€responded€that€this€isÏdone€in€Baltimore€County.€€The€witness€coordinator€and€the€prosecutorÏmeet€with€the€child€repeatedly.€€Tools€such€as€a€coloring€book,€andÏall€kinds€of€support€services€are€used.€€Some€children€who€are€notÏfrom€intact€families€and€who€have€been€abused€are€shattered,€and€whenÏthey€are€in€the€courtroom,€they€are€unable€to€relate€instances€of€theÏabuse.€à ` àJudge€McAuliffe€commented€that€children€who€are€under€13Ð ´"" Ðyears€of€age€who€are€not€able€to€testify€in€the€courtroom€should€beÏable€to€be€classified€as€unavailable€so€they€can€testify€in€aÏpretrial€hearing.€€Ms.€Schenning€responded€that€the€unavailabilityÏrequirement€only€means€that€the€child€cannot€testify€in€the€presenceÏof€the€defendant.€€It€is€difficult€to€show€that€the€child€isÏunavailable€due€to€his€or€her€discomfort€with€the€courtroomÐ L-œ(. Ðatmosphere.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€if€the€unavailabilityÏrequirement€is€part€of€the€current€law.€€Ms.€Schenning€replied€thatÏit€has€been€written€out€of€the€law.€€The€Maryland€State€Teachers'ÏAssociation€wants€it€back€in€the€law.€€This€is€an€issue€that€comes€upÏfrequently.€€The€Chair€noted€that€the€statute€was€originally€draftedÏwith€a€separate€track€for€unavailable€and€available€witnesses.€Ìà  àDelegate€Vallario€pointed€out€that€the€proposed€Rule€changeÏgoes€farther€than€the€statute.€€He€referred€to€his€letter€of€AugustÏ21,€1997,€a€copy€of€which€is€in€the€meeting€materials,€in€which€heÏasked€for€the€input€of€the€Rules€Committee€with€regard€to€changes€toÏthe€admission€of€hearsay€evidence€in€child€abuse€cases€for€possibleÏlegislation€in€the€1998€session.€€He€clarified€that€he€was€not€askingÏfor€the€Committee€to€draft€a€rule,€since€this€is€a€matter€for€theÏlegislature.€€This€past€year,€69€witnesses€testified€on€child€abuseÏbills,€and€nothing€passed.€€The€House€of€Delegates€passed€a€billÏwhich€struck€out€the€word€"licensed"€before€the€word€"physician"€inÏthe€statute,€but€the€bill€did€not€pass€the€Senate.€€The€House€alsoÏsuggested€adding€the€category€of€nurses€to€the€statute,€becauseÏnurses€are€independent.€€Because€nurses€write€notes€on€the€patientÏfiles,€they€should€be€able€to€testify.€€Teachers€are€frightened,Ïbecause€many€of€them€are€unfairly€accused€of€child€abuse,€and€theyÏcannot€cross„examine€the€child€who€made€the€accusation.€€In€custodyÏcases,€accusations€are€made€against€the€other€parent,€and€because€ofÏthe€inferences,€the€judge€is€unable€to€award€custody€to€that€parent.€Ð L-œ(. ÐIn€these€cases,€the€young€child€cannot€testify€through€some€otherÏperson.€€This€is€proper;€only€certain€professionals€should€be€able€toÏtestify.€€Ìà  àMr.€Brault€expressed€concern€about€the€comment€as€to€unlicensedÏemergency€room€physicians.€€He€noted€that€there€are€certain€criteriaÏwhich€physicians€must€meet.€€Usually€the€emergency€rooms€are€staffedÏby€contract€physicians€who€are€specialists€in€emergency€medicine€andÏare€licensed€to€practice€in€Maryland.€€He€remarked€that€Rule€5„703,ÏBases€of€Opinion€Testimony€by€Experts,€could€be€used€to€allow€anÏexpert€opinion€on€child€abuse€predicated€on€what€the€child€had€said.€ÏMs.€Schenning€responded€that€most€prosecutors€do€not€use€that€Rule,Ïbecause€most€judges€have€decided€that€the€Rule€cannot€be€used€for€theÏpurpose€of€identifying€the€abuser.€€One€example€is€the€case€ofÏòòCassidy€v.€Stateóó,€74€Md.€App.€1€(1988).€€Ms.€Schenning€reiteratedÐ ¤ô Ðthat€the€prosecutors€in€Baltimore€County€do€not€have€a€problem,Ïbecause€the€victims€see€licensed€social€workers.€€However,€inÏBaltimore€City,€the€human€service€workers€who€see€the€children€areÏnot€licensed,€and€they€cannot€testify€under€the€statute.Ìà  àJudge€Kaplan€said€that€he€was€previously€asked€to€support€theÏproposed€changes€to€Rule€5„803€(b)(25).€€He€noted€that€the€interestÏseems€to€be€to€get€unlicensed€physicians€and€human€service€workersÏincluded€in€the€statute.€€Seeing€no€need€to€trump€the€statute,€heÏmoved€to€table€the€issue€of€the€change€to€Rule€Ì5„803€(b)(25)€to€see€what€happens€in€the€1998€legislative€session.€Ð L-œ(. ÐThe€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€carried€unanimously.€€The€ChairÏcomplimented€the€speakers€on€their€presentations.Ìà  àThe€Chair€stated€that€there€is€another€change€proposed€to€RuleÏ5„803€in€subsection€(b)(22).€€The€change€is€consistent€with€theÏfederal€rule.€€Mr.€Titus€explained€that€this€provision€was€part€ofÏthe€original€Evidence€Rules€which€were€before€the€Court€of€Appeals€inÏthe€125th€Report,€but€the€Court€declined€to€adopt€it.€€€He€had€seenÏthe€case€of€òòConnecticut€General€Life€Insurance€Co.€v.€Swiger,€et€alóó,Ð  \  ÐCase€No.€03„C„95„10392€in€the€Circuit€Court€for€Baltimore€County,Ï(1997),€which€discussed€the€issue€of€the€"slayer's€rule,"€and€he€hadÏsuggested€that€a€change€to€Rule€5„803€(b)(22)€be€considered€by€theÏRules€Committee.€€Mr.€Bowen€moved€to€adopt€the€Rule€as€drafted.€€TheÏmotion€was€seconded.Ìà  àMr.€Karceski€commented€that€subsection€(b)(22)€applies€to€anyÏcrime€punishable€by€death€or€imprisonment€in€excess€of€one€year,€andÏhe€inquired€whether€the€proposed€subsection€(b)(22)€means€that€theÏevidence€of€the€final€judgment€can€be€used€to€impeach€a€witness€in€aÏlater€criminal€case.€€The€Chair€replied€that€if€the€accused€in€aÏcriminal€case€calls€an€alibi€witness€who€has€several€priorÏconvictions,€Rule€5„609€is€the€appropriate€rule€to€use€to€impeach€theÏwitness.€€If€the€defendant€was€guilty€of€theft€by€stolen€goods,€theÏState€is€precluded€from€using€the€earlier€offense€to€show€that€theÏdefendant€committed€the€burglary€for€which€he€is€being€tried.€ÏDelegate€Vallario€asked€whether€a€prior€guilty€plea€to€running€a€redÐ L-œ(. Ðlight€can€be€used.€€The€Chair€answered€that€a€prior€guilty€plea€isÏadmissible.€€Delegate€Vallario€pointed€out€that€that€offense€does€notÏcarry€a€punishment€of€imprisonment€for€more€than€one€year.€€He€notedÏthat€under€subsection€(a)(1)€of€the€Rule€the€party's€own€statementÏcannot€be€used€against€that€party.€€In€the€case,€the€murderer€isÏentitled€to€the€proceeds€of€his€parents'€estate.€€The€sister€is€notÏentitled€to€introduce€her€brother's€prior€judgment€of€conviction€ofÏmurder€of€his€parents.€€Mr.€Bowen€pointed€out€that€if€the€sisterÏdefends€the€estate€to€keep€it€from€her€brother,€she€would€use€up€halfÏof€the€estate€in€legal€costs.€€Delegate€Vallario€said€that€two€billsÏhad€been€introduced€in€the€legislature€to€cure€this€problem.€€Ìà  àMr.€Titus€stated€that€the€minutes€would€reflect€the€meaning€ofÏthe€proposed€change€to€the€Rule.€€The€Chair€said€that€discussion€ofÏthe€Rule€will€be€continued€at€a€later€date.Ìà  àAfter€the€lunch€break,€the€Chair€told€the€Committee€that€theÏfinal€item€from€Agenda€Item€2€is€the€proposed€change€to€Rule€Ì5„412€to€conform€the€Rule€to€Code,€Article€27,€ðð461A.€€ÌÓÓÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÌà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@óó!ìàTITLE€5€„€EVIDENCEˆÌÌà@‰ ‰ ìàCHAPTER€400€„€RELEVANCY€AND€ITS€LIMITSˆÌÌÌÌà ¸ àAMEND€Rule€5„412€for€conformity€withÏrecent€legislation,€as€follows:ÌññÓt€liÓññÌÌRule€5„412.€€SEX€OFFENSE€CASES;€RELEVANCE€OFÐ ..~)/ ÐVICTIM'S€PAST€BEHAVIORÌÌÌà ¸ àIn€prosecutions€for€rapeò ò,ó ó€ò òoró ó€sexualÐ V¦ Ðoffense€in€the€first€or€second€degree,Ïò òattempted€rape,€or€attempted€sexual€offense€inÐ  j Ðthe€first€or€second€degree,ó ó€admissibility€ofÐ ü L Ðevidence€relating€to€the€victim's€sexualÏhistory€is€governed€by€Code,€Article€27,€ðð461A.ÌññÓt€liÓññÌCommittee€note:€€Code,€Article€27,€ðð461AÏgoverns€the€admissibility€of€sexual€historyÏevidence€only€in€prosecutions€for€rape€orÏsexual€offense€in€the€first€or€second€degree.€ÏThe€admissibility€of€such€evidence€in€otherÏsexual€offense€cases€is€governed€by€the€rulesÏof€this€Title.ÌÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.ÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€5„412€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter's€Note.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àThe€proposed€amendment€conforms€Rule€Ì5„412€to€recent€legislation€that€added€theÏcrimes€of€attempted€rape€and€attempted€sexualÏoffense€in€the€first€or€second€degree€to€Code,ÏArticle€27,€ðð461A.ÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` ÒÓÓà  àThe€Reporter€observed€that€the€Committee€note€needs€to€beÏmodified€as€well.€€Mr.€Howell€moved€to€adopt€the€proposed€change€toÏRule€5„412,€the€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€ÌÓÓÌAgenda€Item€3.€€Consideration€of€proposed€new€Rule€16„205€(Court„€ÏReferred€Alternative€Dispute€Resolution)Ì_________________________________________________________________ÌÌÓÓà  àThe€Chair€presented€Rule€16„205,€Court„Referred€AlternativeÏDispute€Resolution,€for€the€Committee's€consideration.ÌÓÓÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÌà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÐ ..~)/ Ðà@  ìàTITLE€16€„€COURTS,€JUDGES,€AND€ATTORNEYSˆÌÌà@þ þ ìàCHAPTER€200€„€THE€CALENDAR€„„€ASSIGNMENT€AND€à@@ì..l àˆ¼DISPOSITION€OF€MOTIONS€AND€CASESÌÌÌà ¸ àADD€new€Rule€16„205,€as€follows:ÌÌÌRule€16„205.€€COURT„REFERRED€ALTERNATIVEÏDISPUTE€RESOLUTIONÌÌÌ€€(a)€€ScopeÌÌà ¸ à€€Each€differentiated€case€management€planÏshall€identify€the€cases€to€be€assigned€toÏalternative€dispute€resolution.€€This€Rule€isÏapplicable€when,€in€accordance€with€Rule€Ì16„202,€a€court€has€placed€a€civil€action€on€aÏtrack€that€provides€for€mediation€or€non„¼binding€arbitration.€€It€is€not€applicable€toÏmediation€conducted€pursuant€to€Rule€9„205,€orÏto€binding€arbitration€pursuant€to€Code,€CourtsÏArticle,€ðððð3„201€Ìet€seq.ÌÌ€€(b)€€DefinitionsÌÌ€€€€(1)€€Alternative€Dispute€ResolutionÌÌà ¸ à€€€€"Alternative€dispute€resolution"€meansÏthe€process€of€resolving€pending€litigationÏthrough€pretrial€conferences,€neutral€caseÏevaluations,€mediation,€arbitration,€or€anyÏcombination€thereof.ÌÌÐ  Z%ª % Ѐ€€€(2)€€MediationÌÌà ¸ à€€€€"Mediation"€means€a€process€in€whichÏthe€parties€appear€before€an€approved€mediatorÏwho,€through€the€application€of€mediationÏtechniques,€assists€the€parties,€theirÏattorneys,€or€both€in€identifying€the€issues,Ïexploring€settlement€alternatives,€andÏresolving€their€disputes€in€a€voluntaryÏagreement.ÌÌ€€€€(3)€€Neutral€Case€EvaluationÌÌ€€€€à ¸ à€€€€"Neutral€case€evaluation"€means€aÐ *z  Ðprocess€in€which€(A)€the€parties,€theirÏattorneys,€or€both€appear€before€an€approvedÏevaluator€and€present€a€summary€of€the€evidenceÏand€arguments€supporting€their€respectiveÏpositions€and€(B)€the€impartial€person€thenÏrenders€an€evaluation€of€their€positions€and€anÏopinion€as€to€the€relative€risks€of€litigationÏto€all€parties€and€the€value€of€the€case€forÏsettlement€purposes.ÌÌ€€€€(4)€€Non„binding€ArbitrationÌÌà ¸ à€€€€"Non„binding€Arbitration"€means€aÏprocess€in€which€(A)€the€parties,€theirÏattorneys,€or€both€present€evidence€andÏarguments€supporting€their€respective€positionsÏto€one€or€more€approved€arbitrators€and€(B)€theÏarbitrators€then€render€a€decision€that€is€notÏbinding.ÌÌ€€€€(5)€€Settlement€ConferenceÌÌà ¸ à€€€€"Settlement€conference"€means€aÏconference€at€which€the€parties,€theirÏattorneys,€or€both€appear€before€an€approvedÏperson€to€discuss€the€issues€and€the€positionsÏof€the€parties€in€the€action€in€an€attempt€toÏresolve€the€dispute€or€issues€in€the€dispute€byÏagreement€or€by€means€other€than€trial.€€AÏsettlement€conference€may€include€neutral€caseÏevaluation.ÌÌ€€(c)€€Mediation€ÌÐ ..~)/ Ѐ€€€(1)€€Qualifications€of€MediatorsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€€€To€be€approved€as€a€mediator,€aÏperson€must:ÌÌà ¸ à€€€(A)€€Have€completed€at€least€40€hoursÏof€mediation€training€in€a€program€approved€byÏthe€circuit€administrative€judge;ÌÌà ¸ à€€€(B)€€Agree€to€abide€by€"Model€StandardsÏof€Conduct€for€Mediators"€promulgated€by€theÏAmerican€Arbitration€Association,€the€AmericanÏBar€Association,€and€the€Society€ofÏProfessionals€in€Dispute€Resolution;ÌÌà ¸ à€€€(C)€€Agree€to€submit€to€periodicÏmonitoring€of€court„ordered€mediations;€andÌÌà ¸ à€€€(D)€€Comply€with€approval€proceduresÏset€out€in€the€differentiated€case€managementÏplan€of€the€court€that€has€authorized€theÏmediation.ÌÌ€€€€(2)€€List€of€MediatorsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€Any€person€who€is€interested€inÏserving€as€a€mediator€may€make€application€on€aÏform€prescribed€by€the€circuit€administrativeÏjudge.€€The€list€of€mediators€and€theÏaccompanying€forms€shall€be€available€to€theÏparties.€€The€parties€may€by€agreement€chooseÏany€other€person€to€be€a€mediator.ÌÌ€€€€(3)€€AgreementÌÌà ¸ à€€€€If€the€parties€reach€a€proposedÏagreement€on€some€or€all€of€the€disputedÏissues,€the€agreement€shall€be€reduced€toÏwriting€and€submitted€to€the€court€for€approvalÏand€entry€as€an€order.€€If€no€agreement€isÏreached,€the€mediator€shall€so€advise€the€courtÏbut€not€state€the€reasons.ÌÌ€€€€(4)€€ConfidentialityÌÌà ¸ à€€€€During€the€trial€of€the€case€that€wasÏpreviously€referred€to€mediation,€except€for€anÏagreement€submitted€to€the€court€pursuant€toÐ ..~)/ Ðsubsection€(c)(3)€of€this€Rule,€no€statement€orÏwriting€made€in€the€course€of€mediation€isÏadmissible€in€evidence€in€that€proceeding.€ÏThis€Rule€does€not€require€the€exclusion€of€anyÏevidence€otherwise€obtained€merely€because€itÏwas€also€presented€in€the€course€of€mediation.ÌÌ€€€€(5)€€CostsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€The€order€for€mediation€shall€provideÏfor€payment€of€the€mediator€or€for€waiver€ofÏpayment.€€The€responsibility€for€payment€may€beÏassessed€among€the€parties€as€the€court€mayÏdirect.ÌÌ€€(d)€€Non„binding€Arbitration€ÌÌ€€€€ò òó ó(1)€€List€of€ArbitratorsÐ ² ÐÌà ¸ à€€€€Each€county€shall€keep€a€list€ofÏattorneys€approved€by€the€circuitÏadministrative€judge€ò òin€that€countyó ó€to€beÐ :Š Ðarbitrators.€€Parties€may€choose€an€arbitratorÏfrom€the€list€or€may€by€agreement€choose€anyÏother€person€to€be€an€arbitrator.ÌÌ€€€€(2)€€DecisionÌÌà ¸ à€€€€The€arbitrator€shall€advise€theÏparties€and€the€court€of€his€or€her€decision.€ÏIf€the€parties€accept€the€decision€of€theÏarbitrator€on€some€or€all€of€the€disputedÏissues,€the€ò òó óagreement€shall€be€reduced€toÐ ð @  Ðwriting€and€submitted€to€the€court€for€approvalÏand€entry€as€an€order.€€If€no€agreement€isÏreached€the€arbitrator€shall€so€advise€theÏcourt,€but€not€state€the€reasons.ÌÌ€€€€(3)€€ConfidentialityÌÌà ¸ à€€€€During€the€trial€of€the€case€that€wasÏpreviously€submitted€to€non„bindingÏarbitration,€no€statement€or€writing€made€inÏthe€course€of€non„binding€arbitration€isÏadmissible€in€evidence€in€that€proceedingÏexcept€that€the€decision€of€the€arbitratorÏwhich€has€been€disclosed€to€the€court€may€beÏused€by€the€court€only€for€settlement€purposes.€Ð ..~)/ ÐThis€Rule€does€not€require€the€exclusion€of€anyÏevidence€otherwise€obtained€merely€because€itÏwas€also€presented€in€the€course€ofÏarbitration.ÌÌ€€€€(4)€€CostsÌÌà ¸ à€€€€The€order€for€ò òó óarbitration€shallÐ Þ . Ðprovide€for€payment€to€the€arbitrator€or€forÏwaiver€of€payment.€€The€responsibility€forÏpayment€may€be€assessed€among€the€parties€asÏthe€court€may€direct.ÌÌ€€(e)€€Settlement€ConferencesÌÌà ¸ à€€At€any€time€while€an€action€is€pending,Ïthe€court€may€require€the€parties€to€attend€aÏsettlement€conference.€€Each€party€has€theÏright€to€argue€in€support€of€his€or€herÏposition€in€the€case.€€ò òThe€designatedó ó€ò òIf€theÐ vÆ Ðcourt€requires€that€the€settlement€conferenceÏinclude€a€neutral€case€evaluation,€the€courtÏshall€designate€aó ó€person€ò òshalló ó€ò òtoó ó€render€ò òaÐ l Ðneutral€caseó ó€ò òanó ó€evaluation€and€recommend€a€fairÐ þN Ðand€reasonable€settlement.€€No€party€is€boundÏby€the€recommended€settlement,€unless€theÏsettlement€agreement€has€been€placed€on€theÏrecord€or€reduced€to€writing€and€signed€by€theÏparties€or€their€counsel.ÌññÓmonyÓññÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€in€part€new€and€in€partÏderived€from€Rules€5„408€and€9„205.Ìà ¸ àSection€(a)€is€new.Ìà ¸ àSection€(b)€is€new€and€is€derived€from€theÏdefinitions€in€the€proposed€ADR€Rule€which€wasÏin€the€128th€Report.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(c)(1)€is€new€and€is€derivedÏfrom€the€proposed€ADR€Rule€which€was€in€theÏ128th€Report.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(c)(2)€is€new.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(c)(3)€is€in€part€new€and€inÏpart€derived€from€Rule€9„205.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(c)(4)€is€derived€from€Rule€9„¼205€and€Rule€5„408.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(c)(5)€is€new.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(d)(1)€is€new.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(d)(2)€is€in€part€new€and€inÏpart€derived€from€Rule€9„205.Ð ..~)/ Ðà ¸ àSubsection€(d)(3)€is€derived€from€Rule€9„¼205€and€Rule€5„408.Ìà ¸ àSubsection€(d)(4)€is€new.Ìà ¸ àSection€(e)€is€new.ÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€16„205€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter'sÌÌNote.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àThis€Rule€is€partly€an€updated€version€ofÏthe€proposed€Alternative€Dispute€ResolutionÏRule€which€was€submitted€to€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€in€the€128th€Report€and€partly€new.€€InÏredrafting€the€Rule,€the€Special€SubcommitteeÏattempted€to€address€the€concerns€of€the€CourtÏof€Appeals€and€of€some€of€the€individuals€whoÏare€already€participating€as€mediators€andÏarbitrators.ÌÌÌÓÓÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àThe€Chair€explained€that€this€is€the€first€time€the€subject€ofÏAlternative€Dispute€Resolution€(ADR)€has€been€discussed€by€the€RulesÏCommittee,€since€the€Commission€on€the€Future€of€the€Courts€(FuturesÏCommission)€made€its€cornerstone€recommendation€that€the€courtsÏprovide€ADR€to€the€litigants.€€The€Special€Subcommittee€onÏAlternative€Dispute€Resolution€met€with€attorneys€and€other€mediatorsÏwho€are€not€attorneys€to€draft€a€rule€which€fulfills€the€intent€ofÏthe€Futures€Commission€as€to€settlement€conferences,€neutral€caseÏevaluation,€arbitration,€and€mediation.€€The€term€"mediation"€is€asÏblurred€as€the€term€"credibility"€is€in€search€warrant€litigation.€ÏIt€is€important€to€come€up€with€a€workable€definition€of€"mediation."€ÏThe€proposed€Rule€distinguishes€the€various€types€of€ADR.€€A€previousÏrule€on€the€same€subject€went€to€the€Court€of€Appeals,€but€the€CourtÏsent€it€back€for€further€study.€€The€administrative€judges€have€beenÐ ..~)/ Ðdoing€an€excellent€job€in€structuring€the€differentiated€caseÏmanagement€(DCM)€tracks,€and€many€have€been€including€a€track€forÏADR.€€The€system€in€Prince€George's€County€is€working€very€well.€€TheÏproposed€Rule€defines€the€types€of€ADR€and€provides€for€theÏadministrative€judge€to€carefully€monitor€so€that€the€right€cases€goÏto€the€right€kind€of€ADR.€€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€told€the€Committee€that€many€consultants€assistedÏwith€the€various€aspects€of€drafting€the€Rule.€€Several€guests€areÏpresent€today,€and€no€one€is€opposed€to€the€Rule.€€These€include€theÏHonorable€Steven€Platt,€of€the€Circuit€Court€for€Prince€George'sÏCounty;€Sue€Small€of€the€Center€for€Alternative€Dispute€Resolution;ÏTrish€Miller,€Esq.,€an€attorney„mediator€who€attended€SubcommitteeÏmeetings;€Ramona€Buck,€Director€of€Mediation€Services€for€the€SeventhÏJudicial€Circuit€of€Maryland;€and€Rachel€Wohl,€Esq.,€Chair€of€theÏCommittee€on€ADR.€€No€one€is€scheduled€to€make€a€presentation,€butÏany€of€the€guests€will€be€happy€to€answer€questions.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€drew€the€Committee's€attention€to€section€(a)€of€theÏRule.€€He€explained€that€this€is€the€provision€tieing€the€ADR€casesÏto€the€DCM€system.€€Section€(b)€is€consistent€with€the€mandate€of€theÏFutures€Commission.€€Ms.€Miller€suggested€that€the€language€"andÏwithout€providing€any€professional€advice"€should€be€added€to€theÏdefinition€of€"mediation"€after€the€word€"techniques"€and€before€theÏword€"assists."€€She€said€that€she€and€Professor€Roger€Wolf,€of€theÏUniversity€of€Baltimore€Law€School,€who€was€one€of€the€consultants€toÐ L-œ(. Ðthe€Subcommittee,€had€looked€at€the€Model€Standards€of€Conduct€forÏMediators€from€the€American€Arbitration€Association€(AAA),€and€itÏcontained€this€language.€€Mr.€Sykes€questioned€whether€the€languageÏ"professional€advice"€should€be€"legal€advice."€€Ms.€Miller€was€inÏagreement€with€changing€her€suggested€language€to€"legal€advice"Ïwhich€is€also€in€section€6€of€the€Model€Standards.€€Mr.€SykesÏremarked€that€a€mediator€could€be€a€professional€engineer€or€surveyorÏwho€should€be€able€to€use€his€or€her€professional€background€to€stateÏan€opinion.€€The€word€"professional"€is€too€broad.Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€questioned€as€to€why€an€attorney€could€not€giveÏan€opinion€as€a€mediator.€€Mr.€Sykes€said€that€Judge€Paul€Weinstein,ÏAdministrative€Judge€of€the€Circuit€Court€of€Montgomery€County,€hadÏexpressed€the€concern€that€mediation€could€lead€to€the€unauthorizedÏpractice€of€law.€€The€purpose€of€mediation€is€to€try€to€get€each€sideÏto€look€realistically€at€the€disagreement,€so€that€an€agreement€canÏbe€reached.€€The€mediator€has€to€play€some€role€in€this.€€The€ChairÏnoted€that€the€mediator€is€a€facilitator.€€The€mediator€should€not€beÏproviding€legal€advice.€€He€agreed€with€the€suggestion€to€add€in€theÏlanguage€"and€without€providing€legal€advice."Ìà  àJudge€Rinehardt€referred€to€the€memorandum€in€the€meetingÏmaterials€from€Lorig€Charkoudian,€who€is€the€Director€of€theÏCommunity€Mediation€Program€at€the€Safe€and€Smart€Center.€€JudgeÏRinehardt€said€that€based€on€the€mediation€from€that€program€and€fromÏProfessor€Wolf's€program,€it€is€evident€that€equally€good€mediationÐ L-œ(. Ðresults€are€coming€from€non„attorney€mediators€as€from€attorneyÏmediators.€€It€would€be€a€mistake€not€to€add€in€the€suggestedÏlanguage€in€subsection€(b)(2).€€Many€attorneys€and€retired€judgesÏhave€not€been€trained€to€mediate.€€Ìà  àMr.€Bowen€moved€to€add€in€the€suggested€language€"and€withoutÏproviding€legal€advice"€to€subsection€(b)(2).€€The€motion€wasÏseconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€Ìà  àMr.€Howell€commented€that€the€ABA€Model€Standards€use€the€wordÏ"impartial"€in€place€of€the€word€"approved."€€Part€II€of€the€ModelÏStandards€is€entitled€"Impartiality:€A€Mediator€Shall€Conduct€theÏMediation€in€an€Impartial€Manner."€€There€is€no€reference€to€the€termÏ"impartiality"€in€the€proposed€Rule.€€Mr.€Bowen€expressed€the€viewÏthat€the€word€"approved"€is€the€same€as€"impartial."€€Mr.€HowellÏcountered€that€the€word€"approved"€means€complying€with€standards,Ïbut€does€not€equate€with€"impartiality."€€He€suggested€usingÏ"impartial€and€approved."€€Mr.€Bowen€suggested€the€language€beÏ"approved,€impartial."€€€Mr.€Sykes€noted€that€the€letter€from€theÏCommunity€Mediation€Program€uses€the€word€"neutral"€before€the€wordÏ"mediator."€€The€Chair€remarked€that€the€word€"approved"€is€notÏneeded.€€Mr.€Sykes€suggested€that€the€word€"neutral"€could€replaceÏthe€word€"approved."€€Mr.€Bowen€pointed€out€that€this€term€is€notÏpart€of€the€definition€of€the€word€"mediation,"€but€should€rather€beÏin€subsection€(c)(1)€pertaining€to€the€qualifications€of€mediators.€€Ïà  àMr.€Klein€expressed€the€opinion€that€the€Rule€should€beÐ L-œ(. Ðconsistent€with€the€Model€Rules.€€The€Reporter€pointed€out€that€theÏversion€of€the€ADR€Rule€that€was€in€the€128th€Report€used€the€wordÏ"impartial."€€The€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€that€the€wordÏ"impartial"€would€be€placed€after€the€word€"approved."Ìà  àMr.€Klein€asked€if€the€circuit€court€approves€the€mediators,Ïand€the€Chair€replied€in€the€affirmative.€€Mr.€Klein€observed€thatÏthere€could€potentially€be€different€standards€in€the€various€circuitÏcourts,€the€equivalent€of€local€rules.€€The€Chair€said€that€withÏrespect€to€the€qualifications€of€individuals,€it€is€difficult€to€findÏcategories€to€fit€all€mediators.€€Mr.€Sykes€noted€that€too€muchÏjudicial€rhetoric€detracts€from€the€voluntary€flavor€of€the€process.€ÏAn€impartial€mediator€assists€the€parties€with€a€voluntary€solution.€Ìà  àMr.€Howell€pointed€out€that€subsection€(b)(4)€provides€that€theÏarbitrators€are€approved.€€He€asked€if€there€are€particularÏqualifications.€€The€Chair€responded€that€there€are€qualificationsÏapproved€by€the€judge.€€Judge€Rinehardt€inquired€if€a€national€groupÏapproves€the€qualifications.€€Judge€McAuliffe€answered€that€theÏAmerican€Arbitration€Association€(AAA)€approves€qualifications.€€TheÏarbitrator€need€not€be€a€member€of€the€association.€€Mr.€LombardiÏadded€that€the€courts€have€certain€criteria€for€their€list.Ìà  àThe€Chair€drew€the€Committee's€attention€to€subsection€(b)(5).€ÏJudge€Vaughan€questioned€whether€this€precludes€a€District€CourtÏjudge€from€conducting€settlement€conferences.€€The€Chair€said€thatÏthis€Rule€only€applies€in€the€circuit€court.€€Ð L-œ(. Ðà  àTurning€to€section€(c),€the€Vice€Chair€inquired€as€to€how€oldÏthe€Model€Standards€of€Conduct€for€Mediators€are.€€€Ms.€Buck€repliedÏthat€they€were€printed€in€1995.€€The€Chair€commented€that€theÏAmerican€Bar€Association€(ABA)€may€promulgate€its€own€standards€atÏsome€point.€€Ms.€Buck€noted€that€the€Model€Standards€are€backed€byÏtwo€ABA€Sections.€€Mr.€Howell€pointed€out€that€the€Rule€should€notÏrepresent€that€the€Standards€are€approved€by€the€entire€ABA.€€TheÏVice€Chair€suggested€that€the€Model€Standards€should€be€publishedÏwith€the€Rule,€just€as€the€Discovery€Guidelines€are.€€Mr.€HowellÏsuggested€that€part€(B)€of€subsection€(c)(1)€provide€only€that€theÏModel€Standards€are€approved€by€the€American€Arbitration€Association.€Ï€Ìà  àThe€Chair€asked€if€the€date€the€Model€Standards€were€printedÏshould€be€put€into€the€Rule.€€Mr.€Bowen€responded€that€the€dateÏshould€not€be€included,€because€the€dates€are€constantly€changing.€ÏMs.€Knox€suggested€that€the€same€language€that€is€on€the€ModelÏStandards€should€be€used:€€"American€Arbitration€Association,€theÏLitigation€Section€and€the€Dispute€Resolution€Section€of€the€AmericanÏBar€Association,€and€the€Society€of€Professionals€in€DisputeÏResolution."€€Ms.€Ogletree€suggested€that€the€words€"publishedÏjointly€by"€be€added€in€front€of€the€language€suggested€by€Ms.€Knox.€ÏThe€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€these€two€suggestions.Ìà  àMr.€Titus€told€the€Committee€that€Judge€Weinstein€had€calledÏhim€because€the€judge€was€concerned€about€non„attorneys€conductingÐ L-œ(. Ðmediation.€€The€judge€had€asked€if€he€were€allowed€to€only€appointÏattorneys€as€mediators.€€The€Chair€replied€that€he€has€the€discretionÏto€do€that.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€the€concern€that€not€putting€anÏotherwise€qualified€person€on€the€list€of€mediators€simply€because€heÏor€she€is€not€an€attorney€may€be€a€problem.€€Ms.€Ogletree€commentedÏthat€in€her€county€few€attorneys€have€the€requisite€training€to€beÏmediators,€and€some€of€the€county's€social€workers€are€moreÏqualified.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€each€jurisdiction€can€make€itsÏown€decisions.€€Ms.€Ogletree€remarked€that€certain€kinds€of€mediationÏare€not€appropriate€for€an€attorney€to€mediate,€but€relegating€theÏrest€to€an€attorney€is€not€a€bad€idea.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€theÏopinion€that€it€is€preferable€for€the€Committee€to€decide€if€non„¼attorneys€can€mediate.€€Ms.€Ogletree€disagreed,€stating€that€theÏdecision€should€be€up€to€the€circuit€administrative€judge.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€said€that€the€judges€can€select€the€mediators€fromÏthe€list,€and€if€the€judge€chooses,€he€or€she€will€not€appoint€a€non„¼attorney.€€€The€requirements€in€the€Rule€are€simply€the€floorÏrequirements.€€Just€because€someone€is€eligible€does€not€mean€that€heÏor€she€will€be€appointed.€€Mr.€Titus€observed€that€the€judge€hasÏdiscretion€to€require€an€attorney€in€all€or€some€of€the€cases.€€TheÏChair€noted€that€the€DCM€plan€could€have€a€provision€that€a€personÏwho€is€not€a€member€of€the€bar€will€not€be€approved€as€a€mediator.€ÏSection€(d)€of€the€Rule€deals€with€this€issue.Ìà  àJudge€Platt€commented€that,€subject€to€approval€of€the€DCM€planÐ L-œ(. Ðby€the€Court€of€Appeals,€the€judge€has€unlimited€discretion.€€IfÏsomeone€is€aggrieved€by€the€plan,€he€or€she€could€ask€the€Court€ofÏAppeals€to€disapprove€the€plan.€€This€was€a€compromise€in€theÏSubcommittee.€€Maryland€allows€flexibility.€€It€would€be€better€toÏrevisit€this€issue€rather€than€fight€about€it€now€and€hold€up€theÏRule.€€€The€courts€need€this€tool,€and€it€should€not€be€tooÏcumbersome€or€complex.€€Judge€Rinehardt€added€that€some€issues€shouldÏnot€depend€on€the€personality€of€an€individual.€€Ms.€OgletreeÏremarked€that€it€is€a€matter€of€whether€the€person€is€familiar€withÏthe€jurisdiction.€€Ìà  àMr.€Klein€referred€to€the€word€"procedures"€in€part€(D)€ofÏsubsection€(c)(1)€which€seems€to€empower€someone€to€establishÏcriteria.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€the€following€language€be€addedÏin€after€the€word€"procedures"€and€before€the€word€"set":€"andÏsatisfy€any€additional€qualifications."€The€Committee€agreed€withÏthis€suggestion€by€consensus.€€Delegate€Vallario€expressed€theÏconcern€that€many€judges,€who€are€qualified€to€be€mediators,€cannotÏmake€the€40„hour€requirement€in€part€(A).€€Judge€Rinehardt€respondedÏthat€the€judges€would€not€be€qualified€unless€that€requirement€wereÏmet.€€The€Chair€pointed€out€that€in€the€definitions,€those€judgesÏconducting€settlement€conferences€are€not€mediators.€€The€Vice€ChairÏinquired€if€the€Subcommittee€intended€that€the€DCM€plan€could€includeÏadditional€requirements.€€The€Chair€replied€that€it€did.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€drew€the€Committee's€attention€to€subsection€(c)(2).€Ð L-œ(. ÐJudge€Rinehardt€asked€if€any€other€person€who€is€not€an€attorney€andÏnot€on€the€list€can€be€the€mediator.€€Ms.€Ogletree€replied€thatÏsomeone€else€could€be€as€long€as€the€parties€agree.€€Mr.€HowellÏquestioned€whether€the€parties€are€told€about€the€fees€at€the€outset.€ÏHe€asked€how€the€parties€could€make€an€informed€choice€unless€theÏform€contains€information€about€fees.€€The€Chair€noted€that€theÏprovision€dealing€with€costs€is€in€subsection€(c)(5).€€Mr.€HowellÏremarked€that€at€that€point,€the€costs€information€is€too€late,Ïbecause€the€parties€already€chose€the€mediator.€€Ms.€Ogletree€saidÏthat€the€qualification€form€should€have€the€charges€listed€on€it.€ÏJudge€Vaughan€remarked€that€fee€schedules€can€be€dangerous.€€It€mightÏbe€preferable€to€let€the€judge€set€a€maximum€hourly€rate.€€The€ChairÏsaid€that€this€could€be€part€of€the€approval€procedure.€€Mr.€BowenÏpointed€out€that€the€AAA€sends€individuals€a€list€of€arbitrators,Ïincluding€the€qualifications€and€the€basis€of€the€charges.€€The€ChairÏsuggested€that€a€sentence€could€be€added€to€subsection€(c)(2)€aboutÏfees,€but€Mr.€Bowen€suggested€that€the€fee€information€be€put€on€theÏforms.Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€commented€that€information€about€costs€isÏimportant€for€the€parties,€because€there€may€be€court„orderedÏsessions€of€mediation.€€Mr.€Titus€stated€that€in€Montgomery€County,ÏJudge€Weinstein€puts€the€costs€information€in€the€order€forÏmediation.€€Judge€Rinehardt€inquired€as€to€how€much€it€usually€costs.€ÏMr.€Titus€answered€that€it€is€$150€an€hour.€€Judge€Platt€added€thatÐ L-œ(. Ðit€is€the€same€in€Prince€George's€County.€€The€Chair€suggested€thatÏsubsection€(c)(5)€be€added€in€to€the€Rule€before€subsection€(c)(3).€ÏThe€Committee€agreed€to€this€change€by€consensus.Ìà  àJudge€McAuliffe€expressed€his€philosophical€problem€with€theÏcourt€ordering€parties€to€mediation€and€ordering€them€to€pay€for€it.€ÏSome€cases€take€time€and€run€into€a€great€deal€of€money.€€JudgeÏLombardi€added€that€it€is€the€same€situation€with€non„bindingÏarbitration.€€Mr.€Titus€explained€that€Judge€Weinstein€finessed€thisÏby€not€sending€a€case€to€mediation€before€an€attorney€on€the€listÏunless€the€parties€both€agree.€€Judge€McAuliffe€noted€that€the€RuleÏdoes€not€provide€this.€€The€Chair€agreed€that€this€is€a€valid€legalÏand€philosophical€question.€€He€asked€if€the€Rule€should€provide€thatÏunless€the€parties€agree,€the€court€cannot€order€ADR,€or€if€thisÏissue€should€be€left€to€the€DCM€plan.€€Mr.€Klein€commented€that€inÏTexas,€there€is€court„ordered€mediation€on€asbestos€cases€which€is€aÏwaste€of€time€and€costing€thousands€of€dollars.€€There€is€no€reasonÏto€go€through€this.€€Mediation€will€not€work€unless€it€is€voluntary.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€suggested€that€Judge€McAuliffe's€problem€would€beÏsolved€if€it€is€up€to€the€parties€to€decide€on€mediation€or€non„¼binding€arbitration.€€Judge€Lombardi€disagreed,€stating€that€non„¼binding€arbitration€does€not€fit€into€this€analysis.€€It€is€veryÏvaluable€to€the€courts€and€the€courts€should€be€able€to€order€it€withÏa€reasonable€fee.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€the€Fourth€CircuitÏwent€through€a€mediation€process€with€an€attorney€trained€inÐ L-œ(. Ðmediation€which€was€free,€except€for€paying€for€the€party'sÏattorney's€time.€€Judge€McAuliffe€observed€that€mandatory€mediationÏpaid€for€by€the€court€is€appropriate.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€inÏthe€prior€ADR€Rule€which€was€sent€back€by€the€Court€of€Appeals,€theÏtrial€judge€was€allowed€to€order€referral€to€two€sessions€of€ADR.€ÏThe€Chair€remarked€that€this€occurs€in€domestic€cases€pursuant€toÏRule€9„205.€€Judge€McAuliffe€expressed€the€view€that€domestic€casesÏare€different€because€of€the€State's€interest€in€them€and€because€ofÏthe€involvement€of€children.€€Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€in€Rule€2„504€(b)(2)(D),€theÏscheduling€order€includes€a€"specific€referral€to€or€direction€toÏpursue€an€available€and€appropriate€form€of€alternative€disputeÏresolution,€provided€that€a€court€may€not€require€the€parties€toÏsubmit€to€binding€arbitration€unless€they€agree€in€writing€or€on€theÏrecord€to€that€process."€€This€may€have€to€be€changed.€€The€ViceÏChair€asked€why€the€ADR€Rule€is€in€Title€16,€especially€if€non„¼attorneys€are€mediators.€€Mr.€Titus€remarked€that€if€a€judge€forcedÏhim€to€go€to€a€mediator,€he€would€not€like€to€be€forced€to€pay€forÏit.€€Judge€Lombardi€commented€that€going€to€free€evaluators€is€aÏtotal€waste€of€time.€€A€survey€of€the€bar€did€not€reveal€any€of€theÏproblems€discussed€today.€€He€expressed€the€view€that€the€Rule€shouldÏnot€micromanage€the€ADR€program.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€said€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€will€not€like€a€ruleÏwhich€forces€costs€on€litigants.€€The€Honorable€Lawrence€Rodowsky€hasÐ L-œ(. Ðalready€expressed€the€opinion€that€mediation€cannot€be€forced€onÏsomeone€who€has€to€pay€for€it.€€Ms.€Ogletree€remarked€that€people€inÏher€county€would€not€be€able€to€pay€for€the€mediation.€€Judge€PlattÏnoted€that€in€Prince€George's€County,€a€significant€number€of€casesÏare€being€settled€through€non„binding€arbitration€paid€for€by€theÏparties.€€If€someone€will€not€agree€to€neutral€case€evaluation,€theÏRule€gives€the€judge€the€authority€to€order€it.€€The€Vice€ChairÏstated€that€if€the€parties€come€to€the€pretrial€conference,€and€theÏparties€refuse€to€consider€ADR€after€the€judge€asks€about€it,€thereÏshould€be€the€power€to€mandate€the€ADR.€€Judge€Vaughan€remarked€thatÏthere€should€be€the€possibility€of€mediation.€€The€costs€of€mediationÏare€less€than€the€costs€of€a€full€trial.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€said€that€he€was€inclined€not€to€include€theÏprovision€that€the€court€cannot€order€mediation€unless€the€partiesÏagree.€€Rule€2„504€is€already€on€the€books,€and€it€implies€the€courtÏcan€order€costs.€€Ms.€Ogletree€reiterated€that€the€mediation€shouldÏbe€on€a€volunteer€basis.€€Judge€Platt€responded€that€it€should€not€beÏvoluntary€in€custody€and€visitation€cases.€€In€his€county,€the€judgesÏare€ordering€people€to€mediation€with€an€80%€success€rate.€€IfÏlanguage€is€put€in€precluding€this,€those€cases€will€have€to€beÏtried.€€No€one€is€complaining€about€the€current€system,€and€theÏflexibility€should€not€be€removed.€€Montgomery€County€has€a€similarÏsituation.€€Mr.€Titus€inquired€as€to€what€would€be€the€result€if€bothÏparties€have€to€consent€to€pay.€€Judge€Platt€responded€that€theyÐ L-œ(. Ðwould€not€be€able€to€have€the€mediation€program.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€stated€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€rejected€the€128thÏReport€version€of€the€ADR€Rule€which€had€the€provision€that€the€courtÏmay€not€require€the€parties€to€submit€to€more€than€two€sessions€ofÏADR€on€a€fee„for„service€basis.€€The€Vice€Chair€pointed€out€that€itÏwas€not€that€provision€to€which€the€Court€objected.€€€Judge€KaplanÏmoved€that€that€provision€be€plugged€into€the€section€pertaining€toÏcosts.€€The€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€asked€if€the€new€language€pertains€only€toÏpersons€on€the€mediator€list.€€Ms.€Ogletree€replied€that€it€appliesÏto€any€mediator.€€The€Vice€Chair€observed€that€there€is€a€problemÏwith€subsection€(c)(2),€because€it€reads€as€if€the€parties€can€onlyÏagree€to€choose€someone€not€on€the€list€of€mediators,€but€they€cannotÏagree€to€choose€someone€on€the€list.€€The€Style€Subcommittee€can€fixÏthis€problem.Ìà  àThere€was€no€discussion€of€subsection€(d)(2),€Decision.€TheÏChair€drew€the€Committee's€attention€to€subsection€(d)(3),ÏConfidentiality.€€The€Assistant€Reporter€noted€that€this€was€derivedÏfrom€language€in€Rule€5„408.€€Mr.€Titus€asked€why€this€section€isÏonly€for€mediation.€€The€Chair€said€that€there€is€a€similar€provisionÏfor€non„binding€arbitration.€€Mr.€Titus€suggested€that€there€couldÏone€generic€confidentiality€provision.€€The€Chair€pointed€out€thatÏthis€provision€is€similar€to€one€in€Rule€9„205.€€The€Vice€ChairÏcountered€that€the€one€in€Rule€9„205€is€different.€€The€ChairÐ L-œ(. Ðexplained€that€the€only€difference€is€that€Rule€9„205€does€not€haveÏthe€language€that€"no€statement€or€writing€made€in€the€course€ofÏmediation€is€admissible€in€evidence€in€that€proceeding."€€He€notedÏthat€Rule€9„205€may€have€to€be€changed.Ìà  àThe€Vice€Chair€asked€about€the€language€"otherwise€obtained."€ÏThe€Chair€replied€that€this€language€was€discussed€by€the€EvidenceÏSubcommittee.€€Evidence€acquired€during€the€discovery€process€may€beÏable€to€be€used€in€settlement€negotiations.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarkedÏthat€if€someone€learns€of€the€evidence€in€the€settlement€conference,Ïhe€or€she€could€argue€that€it€is€within€the€scope€of€discovery.€€Mr.ÏHowell€observed€that€if€a€statement€is€made€in€direct€relation€to€theÏmediation,€it€should€not€be€used€in€a€later€proceeding;€otherwise,Ïthere€would€not€be€candid€disclosure€in€mediation.€€The€Chair€pointedÏout€that€Federal€Rule€408€uses€the€word€"discoverable"€in€place€ofÏ"obtained."€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€if€something€is€disclosedÏin€mediation,€and€the€document€was€never€asked€for,€it€should€not€beÏable€to€be€used€later.€€Mr.€Klein€remarked€that€if€one€does€not€wantÏto€see€the€document€in€the€courtroom,€one€should€not€bring€it€up€inÏmediation.€€This€cannot€be€immunized.€€Ìà  àThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€word€"discoverable"€be€used€inÏplace€of€"obtained."€€The€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€Rules€5„408€andÏ9„205€be€changed,€as€well.€€The€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€withÏthese€suggestions.Ìà  àThe€Chair€said€that€section€(d)€would€be€conformed€to€theÐ L-œ(. Ðchanges€made€in€section€(c).€€Ìà  àTurning€to€section€(e),€the€Vice€Chair€asked€why€this€provisionÏhas€to€be€in€the€Rule,€since€the€counties€already€conduct€settlementÏconferences.€€The€Chair€stated€that€not€every€county€has€a€provisionÏfor€this,€and€it€fits€in€the€Rule€at€this€point.€€The€Rule€isÏproviding€for€all€types€of€ADR,€and€it€authorizes€the€court€toÏrequire€the€parties€to€attend.Ìà  àSenator€Stone€moved€to€approve€the€Rule€as€it€was€amended.€€TheÏmotion€was€seconded,€and€it€carried€unanimously.ÌÓÓÌAgenda€Item€4.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€rules€changesÌ€€proposed€by€the€Criminal€Rules€Subcommittee:€€Amendments€toÌ€€Rule€4„216€(Pretrial€Release)€and€Amendments€to€the€rules€andÌ€€forms€pertaining€to€expungementÌ_______________________________________________________________ÌÌÓÓà  àJudge€Johnson€presented€Rule€4„216,€Pretrial€Release,€for€theÏCommittee's€consideration.€€ÌÓÓÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÌà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@hhìàTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆÌÌà@¤ ¤ ìàCHAPTER€200€„€PRETRIAL€PROCEDURESˆÌÌÌà ¸ àAMEND€Rule€4„216€to€conform€it€to€recentÏstatutory€changes€and€to€reorganize€it,€asÏfollows:ÌññÓd€wiÓññÌÌRule€4„216.€€PRETRIAL€RELEASEÌÌÌ€€ò ò(a)€€When€Available€ó óÐ j,º'- ÐÌà ¸ à€€ò òUnless€ineligible€for€pretrial€releaseÐ ..~)/ Ðunder€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616€ðð,€(1)€a€defendantÏcharged€with€an€offense€for€which€the€maximumÏpenalty€is€neither€death€not€life€imprisonmentÏis€entitled€to€be€released€before€verdict€orÏpending€a€new€trial€in€conformity€with€thisÏRule,€and€(2)€a€defendant€charged€with€anÏoffense€for€which€the€maximum€penalty€is€deathÏor€life€imprisonment€may,€in€the€discretion€ofÏthe€court,€be€released€before€verdict€orÏpending€a€new€trial€in€conformity€with€thisÏRule.€€Title€5€of€these€rules€does€not€apply€toÏproceedings€conducted€under€this€Rule.ó óÐ f¶  ÐññÓd€wiÓññò òÌCommittee€note:€€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616€1/2Ïprohibits€a€District€Court€commissioner€fromÏreleasing€certain€categories€of€persons;€seeÏsubsections€(c),€(i),€(j),€and€(l).ó óÐ Ð  ÐÌ€€ò ò(b)ó ó€ò ò(a)ó ó€€Interim€BailÐ ”ä ÐÌà ¸ à€€Pending€an€initial€appearance€by€theÏdefendant€before€a€judicial€officer€pursuant€toÏRule€4„213€(a),€the€defendant€may€be€releasedÏupon€execution€of€a€bond€in€an€amount€andÏsubject€to€conditions€specified€in€a€scheduleÏthat€may€be€adopted€by€the€Chief€Judge€of€theÏDistrict€Court€for€certain€offenses.€€The€ChiefÏJudge€may€authorize€designated€court€personnelÏor€peace€officers€to€release€a€defendant€byÏreference€to€the€schedule.ÌÌ€€ò ò(c)ó ó€ò ò(b)ó ó€€Probable€Cause€DeterminationÐ  ^ ÐÌà ¸ à€€A€defendant€arrested€without€a€warrantÏshall€be€released€on€personal€recognizanceÏunder€terms€that€do€not€significantly€restrainÏthe€defendant's€liberty€unless€the€judicialÏofficer€determines€that€there€is€probable€causeÏto€believe€that€the€defendant€committed€anÏoffense.ÌÌ€€ò ò(c)€€Presumptively€Eligible€for€Releaseó óÐ â(2$) ÐÌà ¸ à€€ò òExcept€as€otherwise€provided€in€sectionÐ ¦*ö%+ Ð(d)€of€this€Rule,€a€defendant€is€entitled€to€beÏreleased€before€verdict€or€pending€a€new€trialÏin€conformity€with€this€Rule€on€personalÏrecognizance€or€with€one€or€more€conditionsÐ ..~)/ Ðimposed€unless€the€judicial€officer€determinesÏthat€no€condition€of€release€will€reasonablyÏassure€(1)€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€asÏrequired€and€(2)€if€the€defendant€is€chargedÏwith€an€offense€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616Ï1/2€(k),€the€safety€of€the€alleged€victim.ó óÐ  j ÐÌ€€ò ò(d)€€Presumptively€Ineligible€for€Releaseò òó óÐ Þ . Ðó óÌà ¸ à€€ò òA€defendant€charged€with€an€offenseÐ ¢ ò  Ðunder€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616ðð€(c),€(i),€(j),€orÏ(l)€or€an€offense€for€which€the€maximum€penaltyÏis€death€or€life€imprisonment€is€presumptivelyÏineligible€for€release€and€may€not€be€releasedÏby€a€District€Court€Commissioner.€€A€defendantÏwho€is€presumptively€ineligible€for€releaseÏmay,€in€the€discretion€of€the€court,€beÏreleased€before€verdict€or€pending€a€new€trialÏin€conformity€with€this€Rule€if€the€judgeÏdetermines€that€one€or€more€conditions€ofÏrelease€will€reasonably€assure€(1)€theÏappearance€of€the€defendant€as€required€and€(2)Ïif€the€defendant€is€charged€with€an€offenseÏunder€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616ðð€(c),€(j),€or€(l),Ïthat€the€defendant€will€not€pose€a€danger€toÏanother€person€or€the€community€prior€to€trial.ó óÐ Â ÐÌ€€ò ò(f)ó ó€ò ò(e)ó ó€€ò òFactors€Relevant€to€Conditions€ofÐ †Ö ÐReleaseó ó€ò òDuties€of€Judicial€Officeró óÐ h¸ ÐÌ€€€€ò ò(1)€€Consideration€of€Factorsó óÐ ,| ÐÌà ¸ à€€€€ò òIn€determining€whichó ó€ò òIn€making€aÐ ð @  Ðrelease€determination€and€determiningó óÐ Ò!"! Ðconditions€of€release€ò òwill€reasonably€ensureÐ ´"" Ðthe€appearance€of€the€defendant€as€required,ó ó€ò òtoÐ –#æ# Ðimpose€upon€the€defendant,ó ó€the€judicialÐ x$È$ Ðofficer,€on€the€basis€of€information€availableÏor€developed€in€a€pretrial€release€inquiry,€mayÏtake€into€account:ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(1)ó ó€ò ò(A)ó ó€€The€nature€and€circumstances€ofÐ â(2$) Ðthe€offense€charged,€the€nature€of€the€evidenceÏagainst€the€defendant,€and€the€potentialÏsentence€upon€conviction,€insofar€as€theseÏfactors€are€relevant€to€the€risk€ofÏnonappearance;ÌÐ ..~)/ Ѐ€€€ò ò(2)ó ó€ò ò(B)ó ó€€The€defendant's€prior€record€ofÐ ° Ðappearance€at€court€proceedings€or€flight€toÏavoid€prosecution€or€failure€to€appear€at€courtÏproceedings;ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(3)ó ó€ò ò(C)ó ó€€The€defendant's€family€ties,Ð  j Ðemployment€status€and€history,€financialÏresources,€reputation,€character€and€mentalÏcondition,€length€of€residence€in€theÏcommunity,€and€length€of€residence€in€thisÏState;ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(4)ó ó€ò ò(D)ó ó€€The€recommendation€of€an€agencyÐ H˜  Ðwhich€conducts€pretrial€release€investigations;ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(5)ó ó€ò ò(E)ó ó€€The€recommendation€of€the€State'sÐ î>  ÐAttorney;ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(6)ó ó€ò ò(F)ó ó€€Information€presented€byÐ ”ä Ðdefendant's€counsel;ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(7)ó ó€ò ò(G)ó ó€€The€danger€of€the€defendant€toÐ :Š Ðhimself€or€herself€or€others;ÌÌ€€€€ò ò(8)ó ó€ò ò(H)ó ó€€Any€other€factor,€including€ò òpriorÐ à0 Ðadjudications€of€delinquency€that€occurredÏwithin€three€years€of€the€date€the€defendant€isÏcharged€as€an€adult€andó ó€prior€convictions,Ð †Ö Ðbearing€on€the€risk€of€a€wilful€failure€toÏappear.Ìò òó óÌ€€€€ò ò(2)€€Statement€of€Reasons€When€aÐ  ^ ÐPresumption€is€Rebuttedó óÐ ð @  ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€ò òUpon€determining€to€release€aÐ ´"" Ðdefendant€who€is€presumptively€ineligible€forÏrelease€under€section€(d)€of€this€Rule€or€toÏrefuse€to€release€a€defendant€who€isÏpresumptively€eligible€for€release€underÏsection€(c)€of€this€Rule,€the€judicial€officerÏshall€state€the€reasons€in€writing€or€on€theÏrecord.ó óÐ â(2$) ÐÌ€€€€ò ò(3)€€Imposition€of€Conditions€of€Releaseó óÐ ¦*ö%+ ÐÌà ¸ à€€€€ò òIf€the€judicial€officer€determines€toÐ j,º'- Ðimpose€conditions€of€release,€the€judicialÏofficer€shall€impose€on€the€defendant€the€Ô_ÔfirstÐ ..~)/ Ðof€the€conditions€of€release€set€out€in€sectionÏ(f)€of€this€Rule€which€will€reasonablyó óÐ ’â ÐÌ€€€€€€ò ò(A)€€assure€the€appearance€of€theÐ V¦ Ðdefendant€as€required,ó óÐ 8ˆ ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(B)€€protect€the€safety€of€the€allegedÐ ü L Ðvictim€if€the€defendant€is€charged€with€anÏoffense€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616ññÔ€Xlied€that€ÔÔ€lied€that€Ôññðð€(k),€andó óÐ À  ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(C)€€assure€that€the€defendant€will€notÐ „ Ô  Ðpose€a€danger€to€another€person€or€to€theÏcommunity€if€the€defendant€is€charged€with€anÏoffense€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616ðð€(c),€(j),Ïor€(l);€but€if€no€single€condition€isÏsufficient,€the€judicial€officer€shall€imposeÏon€the€defendant€that€combination€of€theÏconditions€which€is€least€onerous€but€whichÏwill€reasonably€achieve€the€purposes€set€out€inÏthis€subsection.ó óÐ vÆ Ѐ€€€ò ò(4)€€Advice€of€Conditions€and€ConsequencesÐ X¨ Ðof€Violationó óÐ :Š ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€ò òThe€judicial€officer€shall€advise€theÐ þN Ðdefendant€in€writing€or€on€the€record€of€theÏconditions€of€release€imposed€and€of€theÏconsequences€of€a€violation€of€any€condition.Ìó óÌ€€ò ò(d)ó ó€ò ò(f)ó ó€Conditions€of€ReleaseÐ h¸ ÐÌà ¸ à€€ò òA€defendant€charged€with€an€offense€forÐ ,| Ðwhich€the€maximum€penalty€is€neither€death€norÏlife€imprisonment€shall€be€release€beforeÏverdict€or€pending€a€new€trial€on€personalÏrecognizance€unless€the€judicial€officerÏdetermines€that€Ô_ÔthatÔ_Ô€condition€of€release€willÏnot€reasonably€ensure€the€appearance€of€theÏdefendant€as€required.€€Upon€determining€toÏrelease€a€defendant€changed€with€an€offense€forÏwhich€the€maximum€penalty€is€death€or€lifeÏimprisonment€or€to€refuse€to€release€aÏdefendant€charged€with€a€lesser€offense€onÏpersonal€recognizance€the€judicial€office€shallÏstate€the€reasons€in€writing€or€on€the€recordÏand€shall€impose€the€first€of€the€followingÏconditions€of€release€which€will€reasonablyÏensure€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€asÏrequired,€or,€if€no€single€condition€isÐ ..~)/ Ðsufficient,€the€judicial€officer€shall€imposeÏon€the€defendant€that€combination€of€theÏfollowing€conditions€which€is€least€onerous€butÏwhich€will€reasonably€ensure€the€defendant'sÏappearance€as€required:ó ó€ò òThe€conditions€ofÐ 8ˆ Ðrelease€imposed€by€a€judicial€officer€underÏthis€Rule€may€include:ó óÐ ü L ÐÌ€€€(1)€€Committing€the€defendant€to€the€custodyÏof€a€designated€person€or€organization€agreeingÏto€supervise€the€defendant€and€assist€inÏensuring€the€defendant's€appearance€in€court;ÌÌ€€€€(2)€€Placing€the€defendant€under€theÏsupervision€of€a€probation€officer€or€otherÏappropriate€public€official;ÌÌ€€€€(3)€€Subjecting€the€defendant€to€reasonableÏrestrictions€with€respect€to€travel,Ïassociation,€or€residence€during€the€period€ofÏrelease;ÌÌ€€€€(4)€€Requiring€the€defendant€to€post€a€bailÏbond€complying€with€Rule€4„217€in€an€amount€andÏon€conditions€specified€by€the€judicial€officerÏincluding€any€of€the€following:ÌÌà ¸ à€(A)€€without€collateral€security,ÌÌà ¸ à€(B)€€with€collateral€security€of€the€kindÏspecified€in€Rule€4„217€(e)(1)(A)€equal€inÏvalue€to€the€greater€of€$25.00€or€10%€of€theÏfull€penalty€amount,€or€a€larger€percentage€asÏmay€be€fixed€by€the€judicial€officer,ÌÌà ¸ à€(C)€€with€collateral€security€of€the€kindÏspecified€in€Rule€4„217€(e)(1)€equal€in€valueÏto€the€full€penalty€amount,ÌÌà ¸ à€(D)€€with€the€obligation€of€a€corporationÏwhich€is€an€insurer€or€other€surety€in€the€fullÏpenalty€amount;ÌÌ€€€€(5)€€Subjecting€the€defendant€to€any€otherÏcondition€reasonably€necessary€to€ò òensureó óò ò:ó óÐ ˆ+Ø&, ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(A)€assureó ó€the€appearance€of€theÐ L-œ(. Ðdefendant€as€requiredò ò.ó óò ò,ó óÐ ..~)/ Їà ¸ à€ò ò(B)€protect€the€safety€of€the€allegedÐ ° Ðvictim€if€the€defendant€is€charged€with€anÏoffense€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616€Ô_Ô1/2Ô_Ô€(k),Ïandó óÐ V¦ ÐÌà ¸ à€ò ò(C)€assure€that€the€defendant€will€notÐ  j Ðpose€a€danger€to€another€person€or€to€theÏcommunity€if€the€defendant€is€charged€with€anÏoffense€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616€Ô_Ô1/2Ô_Ô€(c),Ï(j),€or€(l);ó óÐ ¢ ò  ÐÌ€€€€ò ò(6)€Imposing€upon€the€defendant,€for€goodÐ f¶  Ðcause€shown,€one€or€more€of€the€conditionsÏauthorized€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð763Ïreasonably€necessary€to€stop€or€prevent€theÏintimidation€of€a€victim€or€witness€or€aÏviolation€of€Code,€Article€27,€ðð26,€ðð761,€orÏðð762.ó óÐ ² ÐÌ€€ò ò(e)€€Statement€of€Conditionsó óÐ vÆ ÐÌà ¸ à€€ò òThe€judicial€officer€shall€advise€theÐ :Š Ðdefendant€in€writing€or€on€the€record€of€theÏconditions€of€release€imposed€and€of€theÏconsequences€of€a€violation€of€any€condition.ó óÐ à0 ÐÌ€€(g)€€Review€of€Commissioner's€PretrialÏRelease€OrderÌà ¸ à€€A€defendant€who€is€denied€pretrialÏrelease€by€a€commissioner€or€who€for€any€reasonÏremains€in€custody€for€24€hours€after€aÏcommissioner€has€determined€conditions€ofÏrelease€pursuant€to€this€Rule€shall€beÏpresented€immediately€to€the€District€Court€ifÏthe€court€is€then€in€session,€or€if€not,€at€theÏnext€session€of€the€court.€€The€District€CourtÏshall€review€the€commissioner's€pretrialÏrelease€determination€and€take€appropriateÏaction€thereon.€€If€the€defendant€will€remainÏin€custody€after€the€review,€the€District€CourtÏshall€set€forth€in€writing€or€on€the€record€theÏreasons€for€the€continued€detention.ÌÌ€€(h)€€Continuance€of€Previous€ConditionsÌÌà ¸ à€€When€conditions€of€pretrial€release€haveÏbeen€previously€imposed€in€the€District€Court,Ïthe€conditions€continue€in€the€circuit€courtÐ ..~)/ ÐÔ_Ôunless€amended€or€revoked€pursuant€to€Ìsection€(i)€of€this€Rule.ÌÌ€€(i)€€Amendment€of€Pretrial€OrderÌÌà ¸ à€€After€a€charging€document€has€beenÏfiled,€the€court,€on€motion€of€any€party€or€onÏits€own€initiative€and€after€notice€andÏopportunity€for€hearing,€may€revoke€an€order€ofÏpretrial€release€or€amend€it€to€imposeÏadditional€or€different€conditions€of€release.€ÏIf€its€decision€results€in€the€detention€of€theÏdefendant,€the€court€shall€state€the€reasonsÏfor€its€action€in€writing€or€on€the€record.ÌÌ€€(j)€€Supervision€of€Detention€Pending€TrialÌÌà ¸ à€€In€order€to€eliminate€unnecessaryÏdetention,€the€court€shall€exercise€supervisionÏover€the€detention€of€defendants€pending€trial.€ÏIt€shall€require€from€the€sheriff,€warden,€orÏother€custodial€officer€a€weekly€report€listingÏeach€defendant€within€its€jurisdiction€who€hasÏbeen€held€in€custody€in€excess€of€seven€daysÏpending€preliminary€hearing,€trial,€sentencing,Ïor€appeal.€€The€report€shall€give€the€reasonÏfor€the€detention€of€each€defendant.ÌÌ€€ò ò(k)€€Title€5€Not€Applicableó óÐ h¸ ÐÌà ¸ à€€ò òTitle€5€of€these€rules€does€not€apply€toÐ ,| Ðproceedings€conducted€under€this€Rule.ó óÐ  ^ ÐññÓdmisÓññò òCommittee€note:€€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616€1/2Ð ð @  Ðprohibits€a€District€Court€commissioner€fromÏreleasing€certain€categories€of€persons;€seeÏsubsections€(c),€(I),€and€(j).ó óÐ –#æ# ÐÌÌò òSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€as€follows:Ð <&Œ!& Ðà ¸ àSection€(a)€is€derived€from€former€RuleÏ721€a€and€M.D.R.€721€a.Ìà ¸ àSection€(b)€is€derived€from€former€M.D.R.Ï721€b.Ìà ¸ àSection€(c)€is€derived€from€former€M.D.R.Ï723€b€4.Ìà ¸ àSection€(d)€is€derived€from€former€M.D.R.Ï721€c€and€Rule€721€b.Ìà ¸ àSection€(e)€is€derived€from€former€M.D.R.Ð ..~)/ Ð721€d€and€Rule€721€c.Ìà ¸ àSection€(f)€is€derived€from€former€M.D.R.Ï721€e€and€Rule€721€d.Ìà ¸ àSection€(g)€is€derived€from€former€M.D.R.ÏRule€721€f.Ìà ¸ àSection€(h)€is€derived€from€former€RuleÏ721€e.Ìà ¸ àSection€(i)€is€derived€from€former€RuleÏ721€f€and€M.D.R.€721€g.Ìà ¸ àSection€(j)€is€derived€from€former€RuleÏ721€g€and€M.D.R.€721€h.ó óÐ „ Ô  ÐÌò òSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€in€part€fromÐ H˜  Ðformer€Rule€721,€M.D.R.€721,€and€M.D.R.€723€bÏ4,€and€is€in€part€new.ó óÐ  \  ÐÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€4„216€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter's€Note.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àThe€proposed€amendments€to€Rule€4„216Ïreorganize€the€Rule€and€conform€it€to€recentÏchanges€to€Code,€Article€27,€ðððð616ðð€and€763€andÏCode,€Courts€Article,€ðð3„828.ÌÌÐ   Ðà ¸ àIn€the€reorganization€of€the€Rule,€currentÏsection€(a)€is€deleted€and€its€contents€areÏmoved€to€new€sections€(c),€(d),€and€(k).€ÏSections€(b)€and€(c)€are€relettered€as€sectionsÏ(a)€and€(b),€respectively.€€Although€there€wasÏsome€sentiment€among€Committee€members€toÏdelete€the€interim€bail€section€from€the€RuleÏbecause€of€disuse,€the€Honorable€Martha€F.ÏRasin,€Chief€Judge€of€the€District€Court€ofÏMaryland,€has€requested€that€it€be€retained€forÏpossible€use€in€emergency€situations,€such€asÏan€occurrence€that€results€in€the€arrest€of€aÏlarge€number€of€people€in€a€small€county.ÌÌà ¸ àAt€the€heart€of€the€reorganization€is€theÏdistinction€between€defendants€who€areÏpresumptively€eligible€for€release€and€thoseÏwho€are€presumptively€ineligible€for€release.€ÏA€defendant€charged€with€an€offense€under€Code,ÏArticle€27,€616ðð€(c),€(i),€(j),€or€(l)€or€anÏoffense€for€which€the€maximum€penalty€is€deathÏor€life€imprisonment€is€presumptivelyÏineligible€for€release,€and€section€(d)Ïapplies.€€All€other€defendants€areÏpresumptively€eligible€for€release€and€sectionÏ(c)€applies.€€Also,€when€read€together,Ïsections€(c)€and€(d)€compile,€in€a€singleÏlocation,€answers€to€the€questions€of€when€aÏDistrict€Court€Commissioner€may€not€release€aÏdefendant,€when€a€defendant€may€be€released€onÏpersonal€recognizance,€and€when€the€judicialÏofficer€must€take€into€account€the€safety€ofÏthe€alleged€victim€or€whether€the€defendantÏwill€pose€a€danger€to€another€person€or€to€theÏcommunity€prior€to€trial.ÌÌà ¸ àSection€(e)€is€a€compilation€of€the€dutiesÏof€the€judicial€officer€in€making€a€releaseÏdetermination.€€Subsection€(e)(1)€is€a€list€ofÏthe€factors€of€release€currently€set€out€inÏsection€(f)€of€the€Rule,€with€a€reference€toÏ"prior€adjudications€of€delinquency€thatÏoccurred€within€three€years€of€the€date€theÏdefendant€is€charged€as€a€adult"€added€inÏaccordance€with€Code,€Courts€Article,€ðð3„828Ï(b)(5).€€Subsection€(e)(2)€is€derived€from€theÏfirst€portion€of€the€second€sentence€of€currentÏsection€(d),€and€requires€the€judicial€officerÐ ..~)/ Ðto€make€a€record€whenever€a€presumption€ofÏeligibility€or€ineligibility€for€release€hasÏbeen€rebutted.€€Subsection€(e)(3)€is€derived€inÏpart€from€the€second€sentence€of€currentÏsection€(d),€with€additional€language€to€makeÏclear€that€the€purposes€of€the€conditions€ofÏrelease€include€not€only€assuring€theÏappearance€of€the€defendant€as€required€butÏalso€the€purposes€set€out€in€new€subsectionsÏ(e)(3)(B)€and€(e)(3)(C),€when€appropriate.€ÏSubsection€(e)(4)€is€derived€from€currentÏsection€(e).ÌÌà ¸ àSection€(f)€sets€out€the€list€ofÏconditions€of€release€that€appear€in€currentÏsection€(d).€€The€"catch„all"€of€subsectionÏ(f)(5)€is€amended€to€reflect€the€additionalÏpurposes€of€conditions€required€by€statuteÏunder€certain€circumstances.€€New€subsectionÏ(f)(6)€is€added€to€track€statutory€provisionsÏconcerning€victim€and€witness€intimidation.ÌÌà ¸ àSections€(g)€through€(j)€are€unchanged.ÌÌà ¸ àSection€(k)€is€derived€from€the€lastÏsentence€of€current€section€(a).ÌÌò òÌÌNote€to€Committee:ó ó€€The€entire€text€of€theÐ Jš Ðcurrent€rule€is€shown€in€this€draft;€however,Ïto€facilitate€comparison€of€the€current€textÏwith€the€proposed€new€text,€current€section€(f)Ïhas€been€moved€out€of€sequence€in€the€draft.ÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` ÒÓÓà  àJudge€Johnson€explained€that€the€Rule€had€been€previouslyÏpresented€to€the€Committee,€and€it€has€been€redrafted€to€include€theÏnewest€statutory€requirements€and€to€reorganize€it€so€it€flowsÏbetter.€€The€first€sections€changed€are€sections€(c)€and€(d)€whichÏnow€pertain€to€who€is€presumptively€eligible€and€ineligible€forÏrelease.€€Mr.€Klein€asked€if€any€of€the€changes€are€substantive.€Ð L-œ(. ÐJudge€Johnson€replied€that€the€only€changes€which€are€substantiveÏwere€required€by€the€statute.€€The€Reporter's€Note€at€the€endÏexplains€the€changes.€€Ìà  àJudge€Johnson€pointed€out€that€subsection€(e)(1)€has€beenÏreworded.€€Part€(H)€is€taken€from€the€statute.€€Subsection€(e)(2)€isÏfrom€the€current€rule.€€Subsection€(e)(3)€spells€out€the€conditionsÏof€release,€and€subsection€(e)(4)€pertains€to€what€the€judicialÏofficer€must€advise€the€defendant.€€Subsection€(f)(5)€containsÏstatutory€language.Ì€à  àJudge€Vaughan€moved€to€approve€the€proposed€amendments€to€RuleÐ ”ä Ð4„216.€€The€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€JudgeÏJohnson€thanked€Judy€Barr,€an€intern€in€the€Rules€Committee€office,Ïfor€her€help€in€revising€the€Rule.€€He€noted€that€in€the€materialsÏhanded€out€at€the€meeting,€there€is€a€letter€from€Russell€Butler,ÏEsq.€in€which€he€proposes€amending€subsection€(e)(1)€to€include€theÏfact€that€the€judicial€officer€shall€take€in€account€the€safety€ofÏthe€alleged€victim.€€The€Reporter€pointed€out€that€this€is€alreadyÏcovered€in€section€(c)€of€the€Rule€by€the€language€"unless€theÏjudicial€officer€determines€that€no€condition€of€release€willÏreasonably€assure€...€(2)€if€the€defendant€is€charged€with€an€offenseÏunder€Code,€Article€27,€ðð616€1/2€(k),€the€safety€of€the€allegedÏvictim."Ìà  àJudge€Johnson€presented€Rule€4„502,€Rule€4„504,€Form€Ì4„503.1,€and€Rule€11„601€for€the€Committee's€consideration.€€Ð L-œ(. ÐÓÓÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÌà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@hhìàTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆÌÌà@ú ú ìàCHAPTER€500€„€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€RECORDSˆÌÌÌÌà ¸ àAMEND€Rule€4„502€to€make€the€definitionsÏapplicable€to€the€expungement€forms,€to€conformÏcertain€terminology€to€the€terminology€used€inÏChapter€613,€Laws€of€1996,€and€to€reflect€theÏrepeal€of€Code,€Article€27,€ðð292,€as€follows:ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌÌÔ_ÔÐ  Ð  ÐRule€4„502.€€EXPUNGEMENT€DEFINITIONSÌÌÌà ¸ àThe€following€definitions€apply€in€thisÏChapter€ò òand€in€Forms€4„503.1€through€4„508.3ó ó:Ð 8ˆ ÐÌ€€€.€.€.ÌÌ€€(c)€€CourtÌÌà ¸ à€€"Court"€means€the€Court€of€Appeals,ÏCourt€of€Special€Appeals,€any€circuit€court,Ïand€the€District€Court.ÌÌ€€€.€.€.ÌÌ€€(j)€€Probation€ò òon€Stay€of€Entry€ofó ó€ò òBeforeó óÐ Ð  ÐJudgmentÌÌà ¸ à€€"Probation€ò òon€stay€of€entry€ofó ó€ò òbeforeó óÐ vÆ Ðjudgment"€means€disposition€of€a€chargeÏpursuant€to€Code,€Article€27,€ò òðð292€(b)€oró ó€ðð641;Ð :Š Ðit€ò òshalló ó€also€meanò òsó ó€ò òa€disposition€pursuant€toÐ l Ðformer€Code,€Article€27,€ðð292€(b),ó ó€probationÐ þN Ðwithout€finding€a€verdict€pursuant€to€Code,ÏArticle€27,€ðð641€prior€to€July€1,€1975,€and€ò òaÐ Â Ðdispositionó ó€pursuant€to€former€Section€22„83€ofÐ ¤ô Ðthe€Code€of€Public€Local€Laws€of€Baltimore€CityÏ(1969€Edition).ÌÌ€€€.€.€.ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€4„502€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter's€Note.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àThe€proposed€amendment€to€Rule€4„502€makesÏthe€Title€4,€Chapter€500€definitions€applicableÏto€the€expungement€forms€that€follow€Title€4.€ÏThe€proposed€amendment€also€reflects€the€repealÏof€Article€27,€ðð292€(b).€€Additionally,€theÏproposed€amendment€changes€the€term€"probationÏon€stay€of€entry€of€judgment"€to€"probationÏbefore€judgment,"€which€is€the€term€used€byÏpractitioners€and€in€Chapter€613,€Laws€of€1996.ÌÌÌÌÐ ..~)/ ЇР ° Ðà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@hhìàTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆÌÌà@ú ú ìàCHAPTER€500€„€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€RECORDSˆÌÌÌÌà ¸ àAMEND€Rule€4„504€to€conform€to€statutoryÏchanges€and€to€the€proposed€consolidation€ofÏForms€4„504.1,€4„504.2,€and€4„504.3€into€aÏsingle€form€and€to€add€the€word€"substantially"Ïto€section€(b),€as€follows:ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌÌRule€4„504.€€PETITION€FOR€EXPUNGEMENT€WHENÏCHARGES€FILEDÌÌÌ€€(a)€€Scope€and€VenueÌÌà ¸ à€€A€petition€for€expungement€of€recordsÏmay€be€filed€by€any€defendant€who€has€beenÏcharged€with€the€commission€of€a€crime€and€isÏeligible€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð737€ò ò(a)ó ó€toÐ à0 Ðrequest€expungement.€€The€petition€shall€beÏfiled€in€the€original€action.€€If€that€actionÏwas€commenced€in€one€court€and€transferred€toÏanother,€the€petition€shall€be€filed€in€theÏcourt€to€which€the€action€was€transferred.€€IfÏan€appeal€was€taken,€the€petition€shall€beÏfiled€in€the€circuit€court€that€hadÏjurisdiction€over€the€action.Ìò òÌCross€reference:€€Code,€Article€27,€ðð737€(c).ó óÐ ´"" ÐÌ€€(b)€€Contents€„„€Time€for€FilingÌÌà ¸ à€€The€petition€shall€be€ò òsubstantiallyó ó€inÐ <&Œ!& Ðthe€form€set€forth€at€the€end€of€this€Title€asÏForm€4„504.1ò ò,€Form€4„504.2,€or€Form€4„504.3,€asÐ (P#( Ðappropriateó ó.€€The€petition€shall€be€filedÐ â(2$) Ðwithin€the€times€prescribed€in€Code,€ArticleÏ27,€ðð737€ò ò(d)ó ó.€€When€required€by€law,€theÐ ¦*ö%+ Ðpetitioner€shall€file€with€the€petition€a€dulyÏexecuted€General€Waiver€and€Release€in€the€formÏset€forth€at€the€end€of€this€Title€as€Form€4„¼503.2.Ð ..~)/ ÐÔ_Ô‡€€€.€.€.ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àRule€4„504€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter's€Note.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒÐ   j Ðà ¸ àThe€proposed€amendment€to€Rule€4„504Ïreflects€the€relettering€of€Code,€Article€27,Ïðð737€in€accordance€with€Chapter€613,€Laws€ofÏ1996,€and€the€proposed€consolidation€of€FormsÏ4„504.1,€4„504.2,€and€4„504.3€into€a€singleÏform.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@hhìàTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆÌÌà@Ü Ü ìàFORMS€FOR€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€RECORDSˆÌÌÌÌà  àADD€new€Form€4„504.1,€as€follows:Ìò òó óÌÌForm€4„504.1ÌÌà@ðð&ìà(Caption)ˆÌÌà@3 3 ìàPETITION€FOR€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€RECORDSˆÌÌÌà  à1.€€On€or€about€___________________________________,€I€wasÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€€(Date)ÌÌarrested€by€an€officer€of€the€_________________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€(Law€Enforcement€Agency)ÌÌat€______________________________________,€Maryland,€as€a€resultÌÌof€the€following€incident€______________________________________ÌÌ________________________________________________________________ÌÌ________________________________________________________________.ÌÌà  à2.€€I€was€charged€with€the€offense€of€_____________________ÌÌ_______________________________________________________________.ÌÌà  à3.€€On€or€about€____________________________,€the€charge€wasÐ ..~)/ Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€(Date)ÌÌdisposed€of€as€follows€(check€one€of€the€following€boxes):ÌÌà  àð&ð€€€I€was€acquitted€and€either€three€years€have€passedÐ 8ˆ ÐÌà  à€€€€since€disposition€or€a€General€Waiver€and€Release€isÌÌà  à€€€€attached.ÌÌà  àð&ð€€€The€charge€was€dismissed€or€quashed€and€either€threeÐ „ Ô  ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€years€have€passed€since€disposition€or€a€General€WaiverÌÌ€€€€€€€€€and€Release€is€attached.ÌÌà  àð&ð€€€A€judgment€of€probation€before€judgment€wasÐ Ð  ÐÌà  à€€€€entered€and€three€years€have€passed€since€the€later€ofÌÌ€€€€€€€€€disposition€or€my€discharge€from€probation.€€Since€theÌÌ€€€€€€€€€date€of€disposition,€I€have€not€been€convicted€of€anyÌÌ€€€€€€€€€crime,€other€than€violations€of€vehicle€or€trafficÌÌ€€€€€€€€€laws,€ordinances,€or€regulations€not€carrying€a€possibleÌÌ€€€€€€€€€sentence€of€imprisonment;€and€I€am€not€now€a€defendantÌÌ€€€€€€€€€in€any€pending€criminal€action€other€than€for€violationÌÌ€€€€€€€€€of€vehicle€or€traffic€laws,€ordinances,€or€regulationsÌÌ€€€€€€€€€not€carrying€a€possible€sentence€of€imprisonment.ÌÌà  àð&ð€€€A€Nolle€Prosequi€was€entered€and€either€three€years€haveÐ x$È$ ÐÌà  à€€€€passed€since€disposition€or€a€General€Waiver€and€ReleaseÌÌ€€€€€€€€€is€attached.€€Since€the€date€of€disposition,€I€have€notÌÌ€€€€€€€€€been€convicted€of€any€crime,€other€than€violations€ofÌÌ€€€€€€€€€vehicle€or€traffic€laws,€ordinances,€or€regulationsÌÌ€€€€€€€€€not€carrying€a€possible€sentence€of€imprisonment;€and€IÌÐ ..~)/ Ѐ€€€€€€€€am€not€now€a€defendant€in€any€pending€criminal€actionÌÌ€€€€€€€€€other€than€for€violation€of€vehicle€or€traffic€laws,ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€ordinances,€or€regulations€not€carrying€a€possibleÌÌ€€€€€€€€€sentence€of€imprisonment.ÌÌà  àð&ð€€€The€proceeding€was€placed€on€the€Stet€docket€and€threeÐ À  ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€years€have€passed€since€disposition.€€Since€the€dateÌÌ€€€€€€€€€of€disposition,€I€have€not€been€convicted€of€anyÌÌ€€€€€€€€€crime,€other€than€violations€of€vehicle€or€trafficÌÌ€€€€€€€€€laws,€ordinances,€or€regulations€not€carrying€a€possibleÌÌ€€€€€€€€€sentence€of€imprisonment;€and€I€am€not€now€a€defendantÌÌ€€€€€€€€€in€any€pending€criminal€action€other€than€for€violationÌÌ€€€€€€€€€of€vehicle€or€traffic€laws,€ordinances,€or€regulationsÌÌ€€€€€€€€€not€carrying€a€possible€sentence€of€imprisonment.ÌÌà  àð&ð€€€The€case€was€compromised€pursuant€to€Code*,€Article€27,Ð ¤ô ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€ðð12€A„5€or€former€Code*,€Article€10,€ðð37€and€three€yearsÌÌ€€€€€€€€€have€passed€since€disposition.ÌÌà  àð&ð€€On€or€about€________________________,€I€was€granted€aÐ ð @  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h à€€€DateÌà  à€€€full€and€unconditional€pardon€by€the€Governor€for€theÌÌà  à€€€one€criminal€act,€not€a€crime€of€violence€as€defined€inÌÌ€€€€€€€€Code*,€Article€27,€ðð643B€(a),€of€which€I€was€convicted.€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€More€than€five€years,€but€not€more€than€ten€years,€haveÌÌ€€€€€€€€passed€since€the€Governor€signed€the€pardon,€and€sinceÌÌ€€€€€€€€the€date€the€Governor€signed€the€pardon€I€have€not€beenÌÌ€€€€€€€€convicted€of€any€crime,€other€than€violations€of€vehicleÌÐ ..~)/ Ѐ€€€€€€€or€traffic€laws,€ordinances,€or€regulations€not€carryingÌÌ€€€€€€€€a€possible€sentence€of€imprisonment;€and€I€am€not€now€aÌÌ€€€€€€€€defendant€in€any€pending€criminal€action€other€than€forÌÌ€€€€€€€€violation€of€vehicle€or€traffic€laws,€ordinances,€orÌÌ€€€€€€€€regulations€not€carrying€a€possible€sentence€ofÌÌ€€€€€€€€imprisonment.ÌÌà  àWHEREFORE,€I€request€the€Court€to€enter€an€Order€forÌÌExpungement€of€all€police€and€court€records€pertaining€to€theÌÌabove€arrest,€detention,€confinement,€and€charges.ÌÌÌà  àI€solemnly€affirm€under€the€penalties€of€perjury€that€theÌÌcontents€of€this€Petition€are€true€to€the€best€of€my€knowledge,ÌÌinformation€and€belief,€and€that€the€charge€to€which€thisÌÌPetition€relates€was€not€made€for€any€violation€of€theÌÌVehicle€Laws€of€the€State€of€Maryland,€or€any€traffic€law,ÌÌordinance,€or€regulation,€nor€is€it€part€of€a€unit€theÌÌexpungement€of€which€is€precluded€under€Code,€Article€27,€ðð738.ÌÌÌÌ______________________________€€€€______________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€(Date)€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€SignatureÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€______________________________Ìà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€(Address)ÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€______________________________ÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€______________________________Ìà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€€€€€€€(Telephone€No.)ÌÌÌ*€References€to€"Code"€in€this€Petition€are€to€the€AnnotatedÐ ..~)/ Ѐ€Code€of€Maryland.ÌÌÌÌà  àForm€4„504.1€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter'sÌÌNote.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àThis€Form€replaces€current€Forms€4„504.1,Ï4„504.2,€and€4„504.3.€€It€has€been€updated€toÏconform€to€Chapters€565,€613,€and€632,€Laws€ofÏ1996,€and€Chapter€399,€Laws€of€1997.ÌÌÌÌññÓhen€ÓÓhen€ÓññÌÌÌÐ  ”ä Ðà@÷ ÷ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÌÌà@//ìàTITLE€11€„€JUVENILE€CAUSESˆÌÌà@hhìàCHAPTER€600€„€EXPUNGEMENTˆÌÌÌÌà ¸ àADD€new€Rule€11„601€as€follows:ÌÌÌÌRule€11„601.€€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€CRIMINAL€CHARGESÏTRANSFERRED€TO€THE€JUVENILE€COURTÌÌÌ€€(a)€€ProcedureÌÌà ¸ à€€A€petition€for€expungement€of€recordsÏmay€be€filed€by€a€respondent€who€is€eligibleÏunder€Code,€Article€27,€ðð737€(b)€to€requestÏexpungement.€€Proceedings€for€expungement€shallÏbe€in€accordance€with€Title€4,€Chapter€500€ofÏthese€Rules,€except€that€the€petition€shall€beÏfiled€in€the€juvenile€court€and€shall€beÏsubstantially€in€the€form€set€forth€in€sectionÏ(b)€of€this€Rule.ÌÌ€€(b)€€Form€of€PetitionÌÌà ¸ à€€A€petition€for€expungement€of€recordsÏunder€this€Rule€shall€be€substantially€in€theÏfollowing€form:ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌà@ðð&ìà(Caption)ˆÌÌà@3 3 ìàPETITION€FOR€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€RECORDSˆÌÌà@† † ìà(Code*,€Article€27,€ðð737€(b))ˆÌÌÌà ¸ à1.€€On€or€about€______________________,€IÏwas€arrested€by€an€officer€of€theÏ___________________________________________Ì€€€€€(Law€Enforcement€Agency)ÌÌat€______________________________________,ÏMaryland,€as€a€resultÐ ..~)/ Їof€the€following€incident________________Ï_________________________________________ÌÌ_________________________________________Ì________________________________________.ÌÌà ¸ à2.€€I€was€charged€with€the€offense€ofÏ_________________________________________Ì_______________________________________.ÌÌà ¸ à3.€€The€charge€was€transferred€to€theÏjuvenile€court€under€Code*,€Article€27,€ðð594AÏand€(check€one€of€the€following€boxes):ÌÌà ¸ àð&ð€€No€petition€under€Code*,€Courts€Ð  \  Ѐ€€€€€€€Article,€ðð3„810€was€filed;ÌÌà ¸ àð&ð€€The€decision€on€the€juvenile€petitionÐ ² Ѐ€€€€€€€was€a€finding€of€facts„not„sustained;Ì€€€€€€€€orÌÌà ¸ àð&ð€€I€was€adjudicated€delinquent€and€I€amÐ :Š Ѐ€€€€€€€now€at€least€21€years€of€age.ÌÌà ¸ àWHEREFORE,€I€request€the€Court€to€enter€anÏOrder€for€Expungement€of€all€police€and€courtÏrecords€pertaining€to€the€above€arrest,Ïdetention,€confinement,€and€charges.ÌÌà ¸ àI€solemnly€affirm€under€the€penalties€ofÏperjury€that€the€contents€of€this€Petition€areÏtrue€to€the€best€of€my€knowledge,€informationÏand€belief,€and€that€the€charge€to€which€thisÏPetition€relates€was€not€made€for€any€violationÏof€the€Vehicle€Laws€of€the€State€of€Maryland,Ïor€any€traffic€law,€ordinance,€or€regulation,Ïnor€is€it€part€of€a€unit€the€expungement€ofÏwhich€is€precluded€under€Code*,€Article€27,Ïðð738.ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌ__________________€€€€_______________________Ì€€€€€€€€€(Date)€€€€€€€€€€€€SignatureÌÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€à p à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð ¦*ö%+ Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€_______________________Ìà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€€(Address)ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð ..~)/ Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€_______________________ÌÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ï€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€_______________________Ìà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€(Telephone€No.)ÌÌ*€€All€references€to€"Code"€in€this€PetitionÌ€€€are€to€the€Annotated€Code€of€Maryland.ÌÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.ÌññÓhen€ÓññÌÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` ÒÐ  H˜  Ðà  àRule€11„601€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporter'sÌÌNote.ÌÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Òà ¸ àThis€Rule€fills€a€gap€in€the€existingÏrules€pertaining€to€expungement.ÌÌà ¸ àUnder€Code,€Article€27,€ðð737€(b),€recordsÏpertaining€to€criminal€charges€transferred€toÏthe€juvenile€court€may€be€expunged€underÏcertain€circumstances.€€Although€Rule€4„501Ïstates€that€the€procedure€provided€by€Title€4,ÏChapter€500€"is€exclusive€and€mandatory€for€useÏin€all€judicial€proceedings€for€expungement€ofÏrecords€whether€pursuant€to€Article€27,€ðððð735Ïthrough€741€or€otherwise,"€Chapter€500€containsÏno€procedures€for€expungements€allowed€underÏCode,€Article€27,€ðð737€(b).€€Proposed€new€RuleÏ11„601€fills€this€gap.ÌÌÌÓÓÒ°` ÒÒ°` Òà  àJudge€Johnson€explained€that€the€Expungement€Rules€went€to€theÏStyle€Subcommittee€who€sent€some€of€them€back€for€further€work.€€TheÏReporter€further€modified€them.€€The€Rules€converge€several€formsÏinto€one.€€They€do€not€address€the€issue€of€partial€expungement,Ïbecause€it€could€not€be€worked€into€the€rules.€€Previously,€oneÏconviction€could€not€be€expunged€from€the€record€if€there€were€othersÏremaining.€€The€legislature€passed€a€law€allowing€expungement€ofÏsome,€but€not€all,€convictions.€€It€is€difficult€to€write€a€ruleÏtelling€the€clerks€how€to€handle€this.€€The€Chair€said€that€theÏclerks€can€handle€this.Ìà  àJudge€Johnson€also€explained€that€Rule€11„601€is€new€and€fillsÏa€gap€in€the€current€procedures.Ì€à  àJudge€Vaughan€moved€to€approve€the€expungement€rules€asÐ j,º'- Ðpresented.€€The€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.Ð ..~)/ Ðà  àThe€Chair€adjourned€the€meeting.Ì