’WPCŸ Ņ)ojb­rŌ=Aœ™^]Uæųę,N6z\˜šK “æ©å‡'V6Œž ŒpĒ}µ©@Ā¹Ōį‡nÓZ?–PFh{¾+Õ©R‰Ųbż©”p–Ą™ŁĘ°ē„œT āŠļ'w0a®Q›“Y™(]B!’3®4KHĪź°=4FFČ5 ĪUš@Ų }C^`ʍltāLēU•½–a©‡5h#+ėüĘŗRŁTMS}Ó֗Så•#-ųW"6v¦œ‡¼”²ŖQ;[¹ņ18Lļ–‰³×-ØVQ³¢i?}t}ūɔ *×£hZR4Æ4ō;X ų$£šyčšETÖXt ±$¤ HUŻŒøsį[ü‹«47Ē|‹[·c(j”h$Ē=#āīÅ’ROū³›įéŅdߎń&rń[(#qB7*HŅ¦XĄN'  Eģ€”“†H˜Æeł½®[›Dķ<€d¢Mņm'@fģ$Ŗ&g–£^"żņŎóY2ārĻ Ä|Ēprē›u¬ ĒÜ“O?ł¦Æg=„g.mŲØŽ0Ņ²õm‡ŸĄKĻGB8kO:k*,Ė,)ńb³¾2•)S«ćSįūŲ;hµ40x¬Œøc6W«)-Ø#ĮīUNÆ %ż 0:^ =wI4Map mrb‰UF‘U 8× 0VU8eN˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL$,,,,$0(ÖĆ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$””ŌUSUS.,Ōõnj8s peƒ7}7Backup3|x#’U‹’ĄĄĄ- ł-<4šŪ 9Z+‹.Courier New Regular<4šŪ 9Z+ Courier New (.3½Ž$©©Ż ƒüœ!ŻŌUSUS.,ŌŻ  Ż<4šŪ 9Z+‹ Courier New Ż ƒüœ!ŻŌUSUS.,ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŃX°ŃŌ€ X±–XXXŌŃ€ ŃŃ8€š|XXdģdČ8ŃŃ  Ńą@ø ø ģąCOURT€OF€APPEALS€STANDING€COMMITTEEˆŠ ° Šą@ō ō ģąņņON€RULES€OF€PRACTICE€AND€PROCEDUREóóˆą x ąą Š ąŠ †Ö ŠĢĢŅ9°ŅÓÓą  ąMinutes€of€a€meeting€of€the€Rules€Committee€held€in€TrainingŠ X ŠRooms€5€and€6€of€the€Judicial€Education€and€Conference€Center,€Š “  ŠŅ£9Ņ2011„D€Commerce€Park€Drive,€Annapolis,€Maryland€on€November€16,€2007.Š ` ° ŠŅ°£ŅÓÓĢą  ąMembers€present:Š ā 2  ŠĢHon.€Joseph€F.€Murphy,€Jr.,€ChairŠ ŽŽ  ŠLinda€M.€Ō_ŌSchuettŌ_Ō,€Esq.,€Co„ChairŠ d“  ŠĢF.€Vernon€Boozer,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€Albert€J.€Ō_ŌMatriccianiŌ_ŌŠ` (#(# ŠLowell€R.€Bowen,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąRobert€R.€Michael,€Esq.Šę6(#(# ŠAlbert€D.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€John€L.€Norton,€IIIŠ¼ (#(# ŠHon.€Joseph€H.€H.€Kaplaną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąDebbie€L.€Potter,€Esq.Š’ā(#(# ŠRobert€D.€Klein,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąSenator€Norman€R.€Stone,€Jr.Šhø(#(# ŠJ.€Brooks€Leahy,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąMelvin€J.€Sykes,€Esq.Š>Ž(#(# ŠŌ_ŌZakiaŌ_Ō€Ō_ŌMahasaŌ_Ō,€Esq.Š d ŠĢĢą  ąIn€attendance:Š –ę ŠĢSandra€F.€Haines,€Esq.,€ReporterŠ B’ ŠŌ_ŌSherieŌ_Ō€B.€Libber,€Esq.,€Assistant€ReporterŠ h ŠCheryl€Lyons„Schmidt,€Rules€Committee€InternŠ ī> ŠDouglas€Ō_ŌHofstedtŌ_ŌŠ Ä ŠRobert€Wallace,€Esq.Š šź ŠRichard€Montgomery,€Director,€Legislative€Relations,€Ō_ŌMSBAŌ_ŌŠ pĄ  ŠHon.€Paul€E.€AlpertŠ F –! ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąThe€Chair€convened€the€meeting.€€He€said€that€the€CommitteeŠ Č"$ Šhad€been€sent€two€sets€of€minutes€of€the€meetings€of€January€5,Š t$Ä& Š2007€and€June€22,€2007.€€Mr.€Klein€moved€that€the€minutes€beŠ  &p!( Šadopted€as€presented,€the€motion€was€seconded,€and€it€passedŠ Ģ'#* Šunanimously.Š x)Č$, Šą  ąThe€Chair€announced€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€will€hear€theŠ $+t&. Š158ņņthóó€Report€on€December€3,€2007.€€Mr.€Klein€will€speak€on€the€Š  Š, (0 ŠŌ_ŌRules€pertaining€to€discovery€of€electronically€storedŠ ° Šinformation.€€Everyone€is€welcome€to€attend€the€Court€conference.€Š \¬ ŠThe€Chair€said€that€the€Court€is€interested€in€Canon€4F€of€RuleŠ X Š16„813,€which€will€allow€a€retired€judge€approved€for€recall€alsoŠ “  Što€conduct€alternative€dispute€resolution€(ADR)€proceedings€for€aŠ ` ° Šfee€upon€disclosure.€€This€is€consistent€with€Canon€5€of€theŠ  \  ŠFlorida€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct,€which€allows€a€retired€judge€toŠ ø  Šserve€as€a€recalled€judge€and€conduct€ADR€proceedings,€providedŠ d“  Šthat€the€judge€discloses€that€he€or€she€is€being€utilized€or€hasŠ `  Šbeen€utilized€as€a€mediator€by€any€party,€attorney,€or€law€firmŠ ¼  Šinvolved€in€the€case€pending€before€the€judge.€€The€ChairŠ hø Šexpressed€optimism€that€the€Court€will€approve€the€proposed€Rule.€Š d ŠThis€is€the€Rule€that€had€caused€so€many€problems€with€theŠ Ą Šinitial€information€presented€to€the€Rules€Committee.€€AŠ l¼ Šcommittee€of€retired€judges€had€endorsed€the€proposition€thatŠ h Šrecalled€judges€could€not€also€conduct€ADR€proceedings.€€TheŠ Ä ŠCourt€of€Appeals€will€be€happy€to€hear€comments€fromŠ pĄ  Špractitioners€who€use€retired€judges€for€ADR€proceedings.€Š !l" Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€Agenda€Items€3€and€4€would€beŠ Č"$ Šconsidered€first,€because€Mr.€Klein€had€a€scheduling€conflict€andŠ t$Ä& Šwould€have€to€leave€the€meeting€early.Š  &p!( ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€3.€€Ō‡ X1öXX X±–ŌConsideration€of€proposed€new€Motor€Vehicle€TortŠ ¢(ņ#+ Š€€Interrogatory€No.€26,€concerning€electronic€devices€capableŠ x)Č$, Š€€of€two„way€voice,€text,€data,€or€image€transmissionŌ#† X±–XX X1ö]#ŌŠ N*ž%- Š_________________________________________________________________Š $+t&. ŠĢÓÓą  ąMr.€Klein€presented€Form€7,€Motor€Vehicle€TortŠ Š, (0 ŠInterrogatories,€No.€26,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š |.Ģ)2 ŠÓÓŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅŌ‡ X1öXX X±–Ōą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° ŠĢą@hh#ģąAPPENDIX:€FORMSˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@<< ģąFORM€INTERROGATORIESˆŠ X ŠĢĢą ø ąADD€new€Motor€Vehicle€Tort€InterrogatoryŠ Š Ś ŠNo.€26€to€Form€No.€7€„€Motor€Vehicle€TortŠ ` ° ŠInterrogatories,€as€follows:Š 6 †  ŠĢĢņ ņForm€7.€€Motor€Vehicle€Tort€Interrogatories.ó óŠ ø  ŠĢĢą@hh#ģąņ ņInterrogatoriesó óˆŠ H˜  ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š R ŠĢą ø ą26.€€If€you€were€ņ ņin€a€vehicleó ó€at€theŠ ®ž Štime€of€the€ņ ņoccurrenceó ó,€state€whether€thereŠ ’ā Šwere€any€electronic€devices€capable€of€two„Š vĘ Šway€voice,€text,€data,€or€image€transmissionŠ Lœ Šņ ņin€the€vehicleó ó€and€for€each€device:€Š "r ŠĢą ø ą€€(a)€€state€the€type€of€device€(e.g.,Š Ü, Šcellular€telephone,€personal€digitalŠ ² Šassistant,€citizensšš€band€radio,€mobile€dataŠ ˆŲ Šterminal);Š ^® ŠĢą ø ą€€(b)€€ņ ņidentifyó ó€the€owner€of€the€device;Š  Z ŠĢ€€€€€€€(c)€€ņ ņidentifyó ó€the€ņ ņpersonó ó€who€hadŠ Ä  Šņ ņpossessionó ó€of€the€device€at€the€time€of€theŠ Ø ų! Šņ ņoccurrenceó ó;Š Œ!Ü" ŠĢą ø ą€€(d)€€state€whether€the€device€was€inŠ F#–$ Šuse€at€the€time€of€the€ņ ņoccurrenceó ó;Š $l% ŠĢą ø ą€€(e)€€ņ ņidentifyó ó€the€service€provider€forŠ Ö%&!' Šthe€device;Š ŗ& "( ŠĢą ø ą€€(f)€€state€the€account€number€with€theŠ f(¶#* Šservice€provider;€andŠ <)Œ$+ ŠĢą ø ą€€(g)€if€the€device€has€a€telephoneŠ č*8&- Šnumber,€state€the€number,€including€the€areaŠ ¾+'. Šcode.Š ”,ä'/ ŠĢŠ  @.)1 Š(Standard€Motor€Vehicle€Tort€InterrogatoryŠ ° ŠNo.€26)Š †Ö ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąForm€Interrogatory€No.€7€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Š X ŠĢReporterššs€Note.Š “  ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€Discovery€Subcommittee€considered€aŠ ` ° Šsuggestion€from€Michael€S.€Greene,€Esq.€thatŠ 6 †  Ša€new€Form€Interrogatory€concerning€the€useŠ  \  Šof€cellular€telephones€be€added€to€the€MotorŠ ā 2  ŠVehicle€Tort€Interrogatories.€€TheŠ ø  ŠSubcommittee€has€expanded€upon€thatŠ ŽŽ  Šsuggestion€and€recommends€a€new€formŠ d“  Šinterrogatory€that€includes€all€š šelectronicŠ :Š  Šdevices€capable€of€two„way€voice,€text,€data,Š `  Šor€image€transmission.šš€€Proposed€newŠ ę6 ŠStandard€Motor€Vehicle€Tort€Interrogatory€No.Š ¼  Š26,€which€otherwise€would€be€subject€toŠ ’ā Šobjection€as€a€compound€question,€will€countŠ hø Šas€a€single€interrogatory€in€accordance€withŠ >Ž ŠRule€2„421€(a).€€The€Subcommittee€believesŠ d Šthat€the€interrogatory€will€enhance€theŠ ź: Šefficient€exchange€of€meaningful€discoveryŠ Ą Šinformation€concerning€the€electronic€devicesŠ –ę Šencompassed€by€the€interrogatory.Š l¼ ŠŌ#† X±–XX X1ö¹#ŌĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMr.€Klein€explained€that€the€Form€InterrogatoriesŠ ī> ŠSubcommittee€met€and€agreed€on€a€new€Form€Interrogatory.€€MichaelŠ šź ŠS.€Greene,€Esq.,€had€proposed€a€new€interrogatory€concerning€theŠ F –! Šuse€of€cellular€telephones€and€distraction€in€motor€vehicles.€Š ņ!B# ŠThe€Subcommittee€expanded€the€original€suggested€interrogatory€toŠ ž#ī% Šapply€to€any€form€of€electronic€device€capable€of€two„wayŠ J%š ' Šcommunication.€€This€was€added€to€distinguish€the€device€fromŠ ö&F") Šother€things€that€can€distract,€such€as€the€radio.€€The€idea€wasŠ ¢(ņ#+ Što€cast€the€net€broadly€enough€to€get€to€the€core€issue,Š N*ž%- Šincluding€cellular€telephones,€š šBlackberries,šš€data€terminals,Š ś+J'/ Šetc.€€The€words€and€phrases€in€the€Rule€that€are€in€bold€printŠ ¦-ö(1 Šare€terms€that€already€have€been€defined€in€the€FormŠ ° ŠInterrogatories.€€The€terms€are€being€incorporated€in€theŠ \¬ Šproposed€interrogatory,€so€that€it€remains€stylisticallyŠ X Šconsistent.€€This€fits€in€with€an€existing€interrogatory€dealingŠ “  Šwith€alcohol€and€drug€use,€Interrogatory€#21€in€Form€7.€€CellŠ ` ° Šphone€usage€is€another€kind€of€impairment€and€is€timely€in€thisŠ  \  Šsociety.€€The€Subcommittee€recommends€the€addition€of€theŠ ø  Šinterrogatory.Š d“  Šą  ąThe€Reporter€noted€that€Ms.€Potter€had€made€a€very€helpfulŠ `  Šcomment€at€the€Subcommittee€meeting.€€It€is€important€to€be€ableŠ ¼  Što€ascertain€the€service€provider€in€order€to€obtain€subsequentŠ hø Šdiscovery€as€to€timing€and€other€information€that€the€serviceŠ d Šproviderššs€records€would€show.€€It€is€also€important€that€the€newŠ Ą Šinterrogatory,€which€otherwise€would€be€subject€to€the€objectionŠ l¼ Šthat€it€consists€of€multiple€questions,€counts€as€a€singleŠ h Šinterrogatory.€€Mr.€Klein€added€that€one€of€the€overarchingŠ Ä Špurposes€of€the€Form€Interrogatories€is€that€they€are€a€š šsafeŠ pĄ  Šharboršš€from€the€counting€rule.Š !l" Šą  ąBy€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€Form€Interrogatory€No.Š Č"$ Š26€of€Form€7€as€presented.Š t$Ä& ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€4.€€Ō‡ X1öXX X±–ŌConsideration€of€a€Report€of€the€DiscoveryŠ ö&F") Š€€Subcommittee€concerning€interpreters€for€depositionsŌ#† X±–XX X1ö,#Ōą x ą€(SeeŠ Ģ'#* Š€€Appendix€1)Š ¢(ņ#+ Š_________________________________________________________________Š x)Č$, ŠĢÓÓą  ąMr.€Klein€said€that€this€issue€was€in€the€meeting€materialsŠ $+t&. Što€provide€information€to€the€Committee.€€(See€Appendix€1).€€TheŠ Š, (0 Šquestion€is€whether€a€rule€is€needed€that€would€govern€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šqualifications€and/or€appointment€of€interpreters€at€depositionsŠ ° Šas€distinguished€from€court€hearings,€which€already€have€rulesŠ \¬ Špertaining€to€interpreters.€€Two€representatives€of€theŠ X ŠAdministrative€Office€of€the€Courts€(AOC),€who€deal€with€findingŠ “  Šand€qualifying€certified€interpreters€for€use€in€courtŠ ` ° Šproceedings,€attended€the€recent€meeting€of€the€DiscoveryŠ  \  ŠSubcommittee.€€Even€before€they€spoke,€the€Subcommittee€was€notŠ ø  Šsure€that€any€rule€on€the€subject€was€necessary.€€TheŠ d“  ŠSubcommitteeššs€sense€was€that€lawyers€in€civil€cases€work€out€theŠ `  Šissue€of€interpreters€at€depositions.€€The€AOC€representativesŠ ¼  Štold€the€Subcommittee€that€they€have€to€handle€the€matter€ofŠ hø Šcertifying,€maintaining€the€registry€of,€and€qualifyingŠ d Šinterpreters€for€courtroom€proceedings,€and€that€adding€a€ruleŠ Ą Špertaining€to€interpreters€at€depositions€would€greatly€drainŠ l¼ Štheir€resources.€€One€of€their€concerns€is€that€they€have€testsŠ h Šfor€only€13€languages.€€The€language€needs€are€far€broader€thanŠ Ä Šthat.€€The€money€in€the€private€sector€is€a€great€lure€away€fromŠ pĄ  Špeople€working€in€the€courthouse.€€The€concern€is€that€ifŠ !l" Šcertified€interpreters€are€lured€away€to€the€more€lucrative€civilŠ Č"$ Šdeposition€work,€it€would€deprive€the€courts€of€the€interpretersŠ t$Ä& Šneeded€for€court,€especially€in€criminal,€Child€in€Need€ofŠ  &p!( ŠAssistance,€and€domestic€cases.€€€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąMr.€Klein€told€the€Committee€that€the€Subcommitteeššs€opinionŠ x)Č$, Šwas€that€no€rule€pertaining€to€interpreters€at€depositions€isŠ $+t&. Šnecessary,€but€that€the€issue€should€be€presented€to€the€fullŠ Š, (0 ŠCommittee€to€see€if€it€has€a€different€view.€€Mr.€Brault€remarkedŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthat€he€had€heard€a€radio€interview€of€Douglas€Gansler,€Esq.,Š ° ŠAttorney€General€for€Maryland,€who€harshly€criticized€theŠ \¬ Šjudiciary€in€Montgomery€County.€€Mr.€Gansler€said€that€in€aŠ X Šhighly€publicized€case€that€was€dismissed€because€the€defendantŠ “  Šspoke€an€unusual€African€dialect€for€which€no€interpreter€wasŠ ` ° Šavailable,€the€State€was€going€to€proceed€with€an€appeal,€evenŠ  \  Šthough€the€defendant€had€been€deported.€€The€defendant€had€beenŠ ø  Šcharged€with€a€significant€sexual€crime€against€a€young€girl.€€HeŠ d“  Šwas€from€such€a€remote€place€in€Africa€that€only€a€few€peopleŠ `  Šspoke€his€language.€€After€several€delays,€the€judge€dismissedŠ ¼  Šthe€case,€because€the€State€could€not€produce€an€interpreter.€Š hø ŠThe€Chair€added€that€the€case€was€dismissed,€even€though€theŠ d Šdefendant€had€graduated€from€a€Montgomery€County€high€school€andŠ Ą Šreceived€an€associate€of€arts€degree€from€Montgomery€CountyŠ l¼ ŠCommunity€College,€for€which€he€had€to€speak€English.€€Mr.€BraultŠ h Šsaid€that€he€looks€forward€to€reading€the€appellate€opinion.Š Ä Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€the€recommendation€by€theŠ pĄ  ŠSubcommittee€is€a€sound€one.€€By€consensus,€the€CommitteeŠ !l" Šconcurred€with€the€Subcommitteeššs€recommendation.Š Č"$ ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€2.€€Consideration€of€š šhousekeepingšš€amendments€to:Š J%š ' Š€€Rule€2„501€(Motion€for€Summary€Judgment),€Rule€2„613€(DefaultŠ  &p!( Š€€Judgment),€Rule€14„204€(Commencement€of€Action€and€Process),Š ö&F") Š€€Rule€4„349€(Release€After€Conviction),€and€Rule€5„804€(HearsayŠ Ģ'#* Š€€Exceptions;€Declarant€Unavailable)Š ¢(ņ#+ Š_________________________________________________________________Š x)Č$, ŠĢÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€presented€Rules€2„501,€Motion€for€SummaryŠ $+t&. ŠJudgment;€2„613,€Default€Judgment;€and€14„204,€Commencement€ofŠ Š, (0 ŠAction€and€Process,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š |.Ģ)2 ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓŌ‡X1öXX X±–Ōą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° ŠĢą@P P ģąTITLE€2€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE€š!š€CIRCUIT€COURTˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@xx!ģąCHAPTER€500€„€TRIALˆŠ X ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€2„501€to€correct€a€referenceŠ Š Ś Što€federal€law,€as€follows:Š ` ° ŠĢĢRule€2„501.€€MOTION€FOR€SUMMARY€JUDGMENTŠ ā 2  ŠĢĢ€€€.€.€.Š d“  ŠĢ€€(f)€€Entry€of€JudgmentŠ `  ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š ¼  ŠĢCross€reference:€€ņ ņSection€200€of€theŠ hø ŠSoldiers'€and€Sailors'€Relief€Act€of€1940ó óŠ >Ž ŠņņSection€521€of€the€Servicemembers€CivilŠ d ŠRelief€Actóó,€50€U.S.C.€ņ ņAppendix,€šš€521,ó ó€ņņapp.Š ź: Ššššš501€ņņet€seqóó.óó,€imposes€specific€requirementsŠ Ą Šthat€must€be€fulfilled€before€a€defaultŠ œģ Šjudgment€may€be€entered.Š rĀ ŠĢ€€€.€.€.€€Š n ŠĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€2„501€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š Ź ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąCross€references€in€Rules€2„501,€2„613,Š vĘ  Šand€14„204€and€the€text€of€Rule€14„204€(a)(4)Š L œ! Šare€proposed€to€be€amended€to€replaceŠ "!r" Šreferences€to€the€Soldiersšš€and€SailorsššŠ ų!H# ŠCivil€Relief€Act€with€references€to€theŠ Ī"$ ŠServicemembers€Civil€Relief€Act,€whichŠ ¤#ō% Šreplaced€the€former€law.Š z$Ź& ŠĢĢĢĢĢŠ  ~)Ī$, Šą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąTITLE€2€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE„„CIRCUIT€COURTˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@ÄÄģąCHAPTER€600€„€JUDGMENTˆŠ X ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€2„613€to€correct€a€referenceŠ Š Ś Što€federal€law,€as€follows:Š ` ° ŠĢĢRule€2„613.€€DEFAULT€JUDGMENTŠ ā 2  ŠĢĢ€€€.€.€.Š d“  ŠĢ€€(g)€€FinalityŠ `  ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š ¼  ŠĢCross€reference:€€ņ ņSection€200€of€theŠ hø ŠSoldiers'€and€Sailors'€Relief€Act€of€1940,ó óŠ >Ž ŠņņSection€521€of€the€Servicemembers€CivilŠ d ŠRelief€Act,óó€50€U.S.C.€ņ ņAppendix,€šš521,ó ó€ņņapp.Š ź: Ššššš501€ņņet€seqóó.óó,€imposes€specific€requirementsŠ Ą Šthat€must€be€fulfilled€before€a€defaultŠ œģ Šjudgment€may€be€entered.€€Š rĀ ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š n ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€2„613€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š  š ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąSee€the€Reporterššs€note€to€Rule€2„501.Š L œ! ŠŌ#† X±–XXX1ö @#ŌŌ‡X1öXX X±–ŌĢĢĢĢĢĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ &&v!( ŠĢą@\ \ ģąTITLE€14€„€SALES€OF€PROPERTYˆŠ Ņ'"#* ŠĢą@` ` ģąCHAPTER€200€„€FORECLOSURE€OF€LIEN€INSTRUMENTSˆŠ ~)Ī$, ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€14„204€to€correct€twoŠ ,P'/ Šreferences€to€federal€law,€as€follows:Š Ö,&(0 ŠĢŠ ‚.Ņ)2 ŠRule€14-204.€€COMMENCEMENT€OF€ACTION€ANDŠ ° ŠPROCESS€Š †Ö ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€Methods€of€Commencing€ActionŠ X ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š “  ŠĢ€€€€(4)€if€any€defendant€is€a€natural€person,Š ` ° Šan€affidavit€that€either€the€person€is€not€inŠ 6 †  Šthe€military€service€of€the€United€States€asŠ  \  Šdefined€in€Section€511€of€the€ņ ņSoldiers'€andŠ ā 2  ŠSailors'€Civil€Relief€Act€of€1940,€asŠ ø  Šamended,ó ó€ņņServicemembers€Civil€Relief€Act,óó€50Š ŽŽ  ŠU.S.C.€ņ ņAppendix,€520,ó ó€ņņapp.€šššš501€ņņet€seqóó.óó,€orŠ d“  Šthat€the€action€is€authorized€by€the€Act.€€Š @  ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š ģ< ŠĢCross€reference:€€Sections€511€and€532€of€theŠ ˜č Šņ ņSoldiers'€and€Sailors'€Civil€Relief€Act€ofŠ n¾ Š1940ó ó€ņņServicemembers€Civil€Relief€Actóó,€50Š D” ŠU.S.C.€ņ ņAppendixó ó€ņņapp.€šššš501€ņņet€seqóó.ó󀀩 j ŠĢ€€€.€.€.ą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąŠ Ģ Šą ø ąą  ąĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€14„204€was€accompanied€by€the€following€ReporterššsŠ xČ ŠĢNote.Š $t ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąSee€the€Reporterššs€note€to€Rule€2„501.Š Š  ŠŌ#† X±–XXX1ö8K#ŌŌ‡X1öXX X±–ŌĢŌ#† X±–XXX1öˆR#ŌŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€explained€that€the€proposed€changes€areŠ |Ģ  Šš šhousekeepingšš€amendments.€€Kevin€Best,€Esq.,€a€lawyer€in€theŠ (!x" ŠVice€Chairššs€law€firm,€pointed€out€that€the€Soldiersšš€andŠ Ō"$$ ŠSailorsšš€Civil€Relief€Act€had€been€replaced€with€theŠ €$Š& ŠServicemembers€Civil€Relief€Act,€and€cross€references€to€theŠ ,&|!( Šformer€law€need€to€be€updated.€€A€word€search€revealed€that€threeŠ Ų'(#* ŠRules€contained€a€cross€reference€to€the€law€that€was€changed.€€Š „)Ō$, ŠBy€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€the€Rules€as€presented.Š 0+€&. Šą  ąThe€Reporter€presented€Rule€4„349,€Release€After€Conviction,Š Ü,,(0 Šfor€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š ˆ.Ų)2 ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓŌ‡X1öXX X±–Ōą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° ŠĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@ō ō ģąCHAPTER€300€„€TRIAL€AND€SENTENCINGˆŠ X ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„349€to€correct€a€referenceŠ Š Ś Što€a€section€of€Rule€4„216,€as€follows:Š ` ° ŠĢĢRule€4-349.€€RELEASE€AFTER€CONVICTION€Š ā 2  ŠĢĢ€€€.€.€.Š d“  ŠĢ€€(b)€€Factors€Relevant€to€Conditions€ofŠ `  ŠReleaseŠ ę6 ŠĢą ø ą€€In€determining€whether€a€defendantŠ ’ā Šshould€be€released€under€this€Rule,€the€courtŠ hø Šmay€consider€the€factors€set€forth€in€RuleŠ >Ž Š4-216€ņ ņ(e)ó ó€ņņ(d)óó€and,€in€addition,€whether€anyŠ d Šappellate€review€sought€appears€to€beŠ ź: Šfrivolous€or€taken€for€delay.€€The€burden€ofŠ Ą Šestablishing€that€the€defendant€will€not€fleeŠ –ę Šor€pose€a€danger€to€any€other€person€or€toŠ l¼ Šthe€community€rests€with€the€defendant.€€Š B’ ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š ī> ŠĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€4„349€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š šź ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€proposed€š šhousekeepingšš€amendment€toŠ F –! ŠRule€4„349€corrects€a€reference€to€sectionŠ !l" Š(e)€of€Rule€4„216,€which€should€be€aŠ ņ!B# Šreference€to€section€(d)€of€that€Rule.Š Č"$ ŠŌ#† X±–XXX1öXV#ŌĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€told€the€Committee€that€Robert€McDonald,€Esq.,Š J%š ' ŠChief€Counsel€of€the€Opinions,€Advice€and€Legislation€Division€ofŠ ö&F") Šthe€Office€of€the€Attorney€General,€had€pointed€out€the€incorrectŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šreference€to€š šRule€4„216€(e)šš€in€section€(b)€of€Rule€4„349.€€TheŠ N*ž%- Šcorrect€reference€is€to€š šRule€4„216(d).šš€€This€change€wasŠ ś+J'/ Šoverlooked€after€Rule€4„216€was€reconstructed.€€By€consensus,€theŠ ¦-ö(1 ŠCommittee€approved€the€Rule€as€presented.Š ° Šą  ąThe€Reporter€presented€Rule€5„804,€Hearsay€Exceptions;Š \¬ ŠDeclarant€Unavailable,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.€€Š X ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ Š Ś ŠĢą@““!ģąTITLE€5€„€EVIDENCEˆŠ 6 †  ŠĢą@ ģąCHAPTER€800€„€HEARSAYˆŠ ā 2  ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€RuleŌ‡X1öXX X±–Ō€5„804€to€correct€a€citationŠ d“  Šin€a€certain€Committee€note,€as€follows:Š :Š  ŠĢĢRule€5-804.€€HEARSAY€EXCEPTIONS;€DECLARANTŠ ¼  ŠUNAVAILABLEŠ ’ā ŠĢĢ€€€.€.€.Š d ŠĢCommittee€note:€€Subsection€(b)(5)€of€thisŠ Ą ŠRule€does€not€affect€the€law€of€spoliation,Š –ę Š"guilty€knowledge,"€or€unexplained€failure€toŠ l¼ Šproduce€a€witness€to€whom€one€has€superiorŠ B’ Šaccess.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņWashington€v.€Stateóó,€293€Md.Š h Š465,€468€n.€1€(1982);€ņņBreeding€v.€Stateóó,€220Š ōD ŠMd.€193,€197€(1959);€ņņShpak€v.€Schertleóó,€97Š Š  ŠMd.€App.€207,€222-27€(1993);€ņņMeyer€v.Š ¬ü ŠMcDonnellóó,€40€Md.€App.€524,€533,€(1978),Š ˆŲ  Šrev'd€on€other€grounds,€301€Md.€426€(1984);Š d “! ŠņņLarsen€v.€Romeoóó,€254€Md.€220,€228€(1969);Š :!Š" ŠņņHoverter€v.€Director€of€Patuxent€Inst.,óó€231Š "f# ŠMd.€608,€609€(1963);€and€ņņDiLeo€v.€Nugentóó,€88Š ņ"B$ ŠMd.€App.€59,€69-72€(1991).€€The€hearsayŠ Ī#% Šexception€set€forth€in€subsection€(b)(5)(B)Š ¤$ō& Šis€not€available€in€criminal€causes€otherŠ z%Ź ' Šthan€those€listed€in€Code,€ņ ņCriminal€Procedureó óŠ P& !( ŠņņCourtsóó€Article,€šš10-901€(a).€€Š &'v") ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š Ņ("$+ ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€5„804€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š T+¤&. ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€proposed€amendment€to€Rule€5„804Š -P(0 Šcorrects€a€reference€to€Code,€Criminal€Š  Ö-&)1 ŠProcedure€Article,€to€read€Code,€CourtsŠ ° ŠArticle.Š †Ö ŠŌ#† X±–XXX1öÕ`#ŌĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€explained€that€the€Committee€note€contains€anŠ X Šincorrect€reference€to€the€Criminal€Procedure€Article€„„€theŠ “  Šcorrect€reference€is€to€the€Courts€Article.€€By€consensus,€theŠ ` ° ŠCommittee€approved€the€Rule€as€presented.Š  \  ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€1.€€Consideration€of€a€recommendation€of€the€MSBAŠ ŽŽ  Š€€Judicial€Administration€Section€concerning€telephone€testimonyŠ d“  Š€€„š!š€New€Rule€2„513€(Telephone€Testimony)€and€New€Rule€3„513Š :Š  Š€€(Telephone€Testimony)Š `  Š_________________________________________________________________Š ę6 ŠĢÓÓą  ąThe€Chair€welcomed€Judge€Alpert.€€The€Chair€said€that€JudgeŠ ’ā ŠAlpert€had€been€a€former€colleague€on€the€Court€of€SpecialŠ >Ž ŠAppeals,€and€before€that€a€member€of€the€Maryland€House€ofŠ ź: ŠDelegates€and€on€the€Baltimore€County€District€and€CircuitŠ –ę ŠCourts.€€He€is€now€serving€as€a€retired€judge€on€all€of€theŠ B’ Šcourts.€€Š ī> Šą  ąThe€Reporter€presented€new€Rules€2„513€and€3„513,€TelephoneŠ šź ŠTestimony,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š F –! ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅŌ‡X1öXX X±–ŌÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ Č"$ ŠĢą@P P ģąTITLE€2€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE€„€CIRCUIT€COURTˆŠ t$Ä& ŠĢą@xx!ģąCHAPTER€500€„€TRIALˆŠ  &p!( ŠĢĢą ø ąADD€new€Rule€2„513,€as€follows:Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢĢRule€2„513.€€TELEPHONE€TESTIMONYŠ $+t&. ŠĢĢŠ  ¦-ö(1 Š€€(a)€€DefinitionŠ ° ŠĢą ø ą€€In€this€Rule,€š štelephonešš€means€aŠ \¬ Štelephone€or€other€two„way€electronicŠ 2‚ Šcommunication€device€or€method.Š X ŠĢ€€(b)€€When€Telephone€Testimony€AllowedŠ “  ŠĢą ø ą€€Subject€to€sections€(e)€and€(f)€ofŠ ` ° Šthis€Rule,€on€motion€of€a€party€to€a€civilŠ 6 †  Šaction€and€for€good€cause€shown,€a€court€mayŠ  \  Šallow€the€testimony€of€a€witness€to€be€takenŠ ā 2  Šby€telephone.Š ø  ŠĢ€€(c)€€Time€for€FilingŠ d“  ŠĢą ø ą€€Unless€for€good€cause€shown€the€courtŠ `  Šallows€the€motion€to€be€filed€later,€a€motionŠ ę6 Što€take€the€testimony€of€a€witness€byŠ ¼  Štelephone€shall€be€filed€at€least€30€daysŠ ’ā Šbefore€the€trial€or€hearing€at€which€theŠ hø Štestimony€is€to€be€offered.€Š >Ž ŠĢ€€(d)€€ContentsŠ ź: ŠĢą ø ą€€The€motion€shall€state€the€witnessššsŠ –ę Šname,€address,€telephone€number,€andŠ l¼ Šsubstance€of€the€witnessššs€testimony.Š B’ ŠĢ€€(e)€€Good€CauseŠ ī> ŠĢą ø ą€€A€court€may€find€that€there€is€goodŠ šź Šcause€to€allow€the€testimony€of€a€witness€toŠ pĄ  Šbe€taken€by€telephone€if:Š F –! ŠĢ€€€€(1)€the€witness€is€otherwise€unavailableŠ ņ!B# Šbecause€of€age,€infirmity,€or€illness;Š Č"$ ŠĢ€€€€(2)€personal€appearance€of€the€witnessŠ t$Ä& Šcannot€be€secured€by€subpoena€or€otherŠ J%š ' Šreasonable€means;Š  &p!( ŠĢ€€€€(3)€a€personal€appearance€would€be€anŠ Ģ'#* Šundue€hardship€to€the€witness;€orŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢ€€€€(4)€any€other€circumstances€thatŠ N*ž%- Šconstitute€good€cause€for€allowing€theŠ $+t&. Štestimony€of€the€witness€to€be€taken€byŠ ś+J'/ Štelephone.Š Š, (0 ŠĢŠ  |.Ģ)2 Š€€(f)€€When€Telephone€Testimony€is€ProhibitedŠ ° ŠĢą ø ą€€Unless€the€parties€otherwiseŠ \¬ Šstipulate,€a€court€may€not€allow€theŠ 2‚ Štestimony€of€a€witness€to€be€taken€byŠ X Štelephone€if:Š Ž. ŠĢ€€€€(1)€the€witness€is€a€party€or€an€expert;€€Š Š Ś Š€Ģ€€€€(2)€the€testimony€is€to€be€offered€in€aŠ 6 †  Šjury€trial,€unless€there€is€good€cause€forŠ  \  Štaking€the€testimony€by€telephone;Š ā 2  ŠĢ€€€€(3)€the€demeanor€and€credibility€of€theŠ ŽŽ  Šwitness€are€critical€to€the€outcome€of€theŠ d“  Šproceeding;Š :Š  ŠĢ€€€€(4)€the€issue€or€issues€about€which€theŠ ę6 Šwitness€is€to€testify€are€so€determinative€ofŠ ¼  Šthe€outcome€of€the€proceeding€that€face„to„Š ’ā Šface€cross„examination€is€needed;Š hø ŠĢ€€€€(5)€a€deposition€for€perpetuation€ofŠ d Ševidence€under€these€Rules€is€a€fairer€way€toŠ ź: Špresent€the€testimony;Š Ą ŠĢ€€€€(6)€the€exhibits€or€documents€about€whichŠ l¼ Šthe€witness€is€to€testify€are€so€voluminousŠ B’ Šthat€testimony€by€telephone€is€not€practical;Š h ŠĢ€€€€(7)€facilities€for€taking€the€testimonyŠ Ä Šby€telephone€are€not€available;Š šź ŠĢ€€€€(8)€failure€of€the€witness€to€appear€inŠ F –! Šperson€will€cause€substantial€prejudice€to€aŠ !l" Šparty;€orŠ ņ!B# ŠĢ€€€€(9)€other€circumstances€require€theŠ ž#ī% Špersonal€appearance€of€the€witness.Š t$Ä& Š€€(g)€€Costs€Š J%š ' ŠĢą ø ą€€All€costs€of€telephone€testimony€shallŠ ö&F") Šbe€paid€by€the€movant€and€may€not€be€chargedŠ Ģ'#* Što€any€other€party.Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.Š N*ž%- ŠĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅĢą  ąRule€2„513€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š Š, (0 ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅŠ  |.Ģ)2 Šą ø ąThe€Honorable€Paul€E.€Alpert€hasŠ ° Šsuggested€the€addition€of€new€Rules€allowingŠ †Ö Šthe€testimony€of€witnesses€to€be€taken€byŠ \¬ Štelephone.€€Telephone€testimony€would€beŠ 2‚ Šallowed€if€the€presence€of€a€witness€is€notŠ X Šavailable€because€of€financial€limitations€orŠ Ž. Šbecause€of€personal€unavailability.€€ToŠ “  Šsafeguard€abuse€of€this€procedure,€the€courtŠ Š Ś Šmust€find€good€cause€to€allow€it.€€The€ideaŠ ` ° Šis€supported€by€the€MSBA€JudicialŠ 6 †  ŠAdministration€Section.€€The€TrialŠ  \  ŠSubcommittee€recommends€adoption€of€theŠ ā 2  ŠRules.Š ø  ŠŌ#† X±–XXX1öæm#ŌĢĢĢĢĢĢĢŌ‡X1öXX X±–Ōą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ hø ŠĢą@  ģąTITLE€3€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE€„€DISTRICT€COURTˆŠ d ŠĢą@xx!ģąCHAPTER€500€„€TRIALˆŠ Ą ŠĢĢą ø ąADD€new€Rule€3„513,€as€follows:Š B’ ŠĢĢRule€3„513.€€TELEPHONE€TESTIMONYŠ Ä ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€DefinitionŠ F –! ŠĢą ø ą€€In€this€Rule,€š štelephonešš€means€aŠ ņ!B# Štelephone€or€other€two„way€electronicŠ Č"$ Šcommunication€device€or€method.Š ž#ī% ŠĢ€€(b)€€When€Telephone€Testimony€AllowedŠ J%š ' ŠĢą ø ą€€Subject€to€sections€(e)€and€(f)€ofŠ ö&F") Šthis€Rule,€on€motion€of€a€party€to€a€civilŠ Ģ'#* Šaction€and€for€good€cause€shown,€a€court€mayŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šallow€the€testimony€of€a€witness€to€be€takenŠ x)Č$, Šby€telephone.Š N*ž%- ŠĢ€€(c)€€Time€for€FilingŠ ś+J'/ ŠĢą ø ą€€Unless€for€good€cause€shown€the€courtŠ ¦-ö(1 Šallows€the€motion€to€be€filed€later,€a€motionŠ |.Ģ)2 Što€take€the€testimony€of€a€witness€byŠ ° Štelephone€shall€be€filed€at€least€30€daysŠ †Ö Šbefore€the€trial€or€hearing€at€which€theŠ \¬ Štestimony€is€to€be€offered.€Š 2‚ ŠĢ€€(d)€€ContentsŠ Ž. ŠĢą ø ą€€The€motion€shall€state€the€witnessššsŠ Š Ś Šname,€address,€telephone€number,€andŠ ` ° Šsubstance€of€the€witnessššs€testimony.Š 6 †  ŠĢ€€(e)€€Good€CauseŠ ā 2  ŠĢą ø ą€€A€court€may€find€that€there€is€goodŠ ŽŽ  Šcause€to€allow€the€testimony€of€a€witness€toŠ d“  Šbe€taken€by€telephone€if:Š :Š  ŠĢ€€€€(1)€the€witness€is€otherwise€unavailableŠ ę6 Šbecause€of€age,€infirmity,€or€illness;Š ¼  ŠĢ€€€€(2)€personal€appearance€of€the€witnessŠ hø Šcannot€be€secured€by€subpoena€or€otherŠ >Ž Šreasonable€means;Š d ŠĢ€€€€(3)€a€personal€appearance€would€be€anŠ Ą Šundue€hardship€to€the€witness;€orŠ –ę ŠĢ€€€€(4)€any€other€circumstances€thatŠ B’ Šconstitute€good€cause€for€allowing€theŠ h Štestimony€of€the€witness€to€be€taken€byŠ ī> Štelephone.Š Ä ŠĢ€€(f)€€When€Telephone€Testimony€is€ProhibitedŠ pĄ  ŠĢą ø ą€€Unless€the€parties€otherwiseŠ !l" Šstipulate,€a€court€may€not€allow€theŠ ņ!B# Štestimony€of€a€witness€to€be€taken€byŠ Č"$ Štelephone€if:Š ž#ī% ŠĢ€€€€(1)€the€witness€is€a€party€or€an€expert;Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(2)€the€demeanor€and€credibility€of€theŠ ö&F") Šwitness€are€critical€to€the€outcome€of€theŠ Ģ'#* Šproceeding;Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢ€€€€(3)€the€issue€or€issues€about€which€theŠ N*ž%- Šwitness€is€to€testify€are€so€determinative€ofŠ $+t&. Šthe€outcome€of€the€proceeding€that€face„to„Š ś+J'/ Šface€cross„examination€is€needed;Š Š, (0 ŠĢ€€€€(4)€a€deposition€for€perpetuation€ofŠ |.Ģ)2 Ševidence€under€these€Rules€is€a€fairer€way€toŠ ° Špresent€the€testimony;Š †Ö ŠĢ€€€€(5)€the€exhibits€or€documents€about€whichŠ 2‚ Šthe€witness€is€to€testify€are€so€voluminousŠ X Šthat€testimony€by€telephone€is€not€practical;Š Ž. ŠĢ€€€€(6)€facilities€for€taking€the€testimonyŠ Š Ś Šby€telephone€are€not€available;Š ` ° ŠĢ€€€€(7)€failure€of€the€witness€to€appear€inŠ  \  Šperson€will€cause€substantial€prejudice€to€aŠ ā 2  Šparty;€orŠ ø  ŠĢ€€€€(8)€other€circumstances€require€theŠ d“  Špersonal€appearance€of€the€witness.Š :Š  ŠĢ€€(g)€€Costs€Š ę6 ŠĢą ø ą€€All€costs€of€telephone€testimony€shallŠ ’ā Šbe€paid€by€the€movant€and€may€not€be€chargedŠ hø Što€any€other€party.Š >Ž ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.Š ź: ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€3„513€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š l¼ ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąSee€the€Reporterššs€note€to€proposed€newŠ h ŠRule€2„513.Š ī> ŠŌ#† X±–XXX1öõ‚#ŌĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€said€that€Judge€Alpert€would€explain€the€newŠ pĄ  ŠRules.Š !l" Šą  ąJudge€Alpert€thanked€the€staff€of€the€Rules€Committee€forŠ Č"$ Šits€help.€€He€had€started€working€on€the€project€about€a€yearŠ t$Ä& Šago.€€It€is€a€project€of€the€Judicial€Administration€Council€ofŠ  &p!( Šthe€Maryland€State€Bar€Association.€€He€had€been€designated€to€beŠ Ģ'#* Ša€member€of€a€three„person€committee€to€work€on€the€Rule,€whichŠ x)Č$, Šwas€modeled€after€a€statute€and€rule€in€Oregon.€€It€is€a€fail„Š $+t&. Šsafe€type€of€rule€that€is€controlled€by€the€trial€judge€who€mayŠ Š, (0 Šallow€the€testimony€of€a€witness€to€be€taken€by€telephone.€€AŠ |.Ģ)2 Šmotion€to€take€the€testimony€of€a€witness€by€telephone€must€beŠ ° Šfiled€at€least€30€days€before€the€trial€or€hearing€at€which€theŠ \¬ Štestimony€is€to€be€offered.€€Section€(e)€lists€the€variousŠ X Šreasons€for€the€court€to€allow€telephone€testimony,€includingŠ “  Šwhere€the€witness€is€unavailable€due€to€age,€infirmity,€orŠ ` ° Šillness;€where€the€personal€appearance€of€the€witness€cannot€beŠ  \  Šsecured€by€subpoena;€or€where€a€personal€appearance€of€theŠ ø  Šwitness€would€be€an€undue€hardship€to€the€witness.€€€Š d“  Šą  ąJudge€Alpert€said€that€the€safeguard€is€section€(f)€thatŠ `  Špertains€to€when€telephone€testimony€is€prohibited,€unlessŠ ¼  Šotherwise€agreed€to€by€the€parties,€including€if€the€witness€is€aŠ hø Šparty€or€expert,€if€the€testimony€is€to€be€offered€in€a€juryŠ d Štrial,€if€the€demeanor€and€credibility€of€the€witness€areŠ Ą Šcritical€to€the€outcome€of€the€proceeding,€if€the€issue€or€issuesŠ l¼ Šabout€which€the€witness€is€to€testify€are€so€determinative€of€theŠ h Šoutcome€of€the€proceeding€that€face„to„face€cross€examination€isŠ Ä Šneeded,€if€a€deposition€for€perpetuation€of€evidence€is€a€fairerŠ pĄ  Šway€to€present€the€testimony,€if€the€exhibits€or€documents€aboutŠ !l" Šwhich€the€witness€is€to€testify€are€so€voluminous€that€testimonyŠ Č"$ Šby€telephone€is€not€practical,€if€facilities€for€taking€theŠ t$Ä& Štestimony€by€telephone€are€not€available,€if€failure€of€theŠ  &p!( Šwitness€to€appear€in€person€will€cause€substantial€prejudice€to€aŠ Ģ'#* Šparty,€and€if€other€circumstances€require€the€personal€appearanceŠ x)Č$, Šof€the€witness.€€Judge€Alpert€expressed€the€opinion€that€it€is€anŠ $+t&. Šidea€whose€time€has€come.€€It€is€very€beneficial€for€lawyers€inŠ Š, (0 Šsmall€firms€and€litigants€who€do€not€have€a€large€amount€ofŠ |.Ģ)2 Šmoney.€€It€is€not€meant€to€apply€to€the€key€witnesses€in€a€case,Š ° Šbut€rather€to€the€subsidiary€witnesses.€€For€good€cause,€one€canŠ \¬ Šask€the€court€for€telephone€testimony,€but€the€safeguards€areŠ X Šthere,€also.Š “  Šą  ą€Judge€Matricciani€suggested€that€in€place€of€the€languageŠ ` ° Šin€section€(f)€that€reads€š š[u]nless€the€parties€otherwiseŠ  \  Šstipulate,šš€the€following€language€should€be€substitutedŠ ø  Šš š[u]nless€the€parties€object.šš€€The€reason€for€his€suggestion€isŠ d“  Šthat€in€Baltimore€City,€there€are€many€guardianship€cases€inŠ `  Šwhich€a€hospital€asks€for€permission€to€perform€a€medicalŠ ¼  Šprocedure,€but€the€potential€patient€has€no€family,€so€there€isŠ hø Šno€one€to€stipulate€to€taking€the€physicianššs€testimony€over€theŠ d Štelephone.€€Judge€Alpert€responded€that€he€would€approve€thatŠ Ą Šchange.€€Š l¼ Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€said€that€section€(f)€is€confusing.€€JudgeŠ h ŠAlpert€responded€that€telephone€testimony€is€allowed,€unless€itŠ Ä Šis€prohibited.€€Ms.€Potter€inquired€if€the€word€š šmayšš€should€beŠ pĄ  Šchanged€to€the€word€š šshallšš€in€section€(f).€€The€Chair€suggestedŠ !l" Šthat€section€(f)€should€begin€as€follows:€€š šIf€a€party€objects,€aŠ Č"$ Šcourt€may€not€allow...šš.€€Judge€Alpert€agreed€with€thisŠ t$Ä& Šsuggestion.€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€the€ChairššsŠ  &p!( Šlanguage.€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąMr.€Bowen€pointed€out€a€style€problem€„„€the€languageŠ x)Č$, Šš štelephone€testimonyšš€sounds€as€if€the€telephone€is€going€toŠ $+t&. Štestify.€€The€preferred€language€is€š štestimony€by€telephone.šš€€ByŠ Š, (0 Šconsensus,€the€Committee€agreed€to€make€this€change.€€Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąMr.€Klein€remarked€that€the€phrase€at€the€end€of€subsectionŠ ° Š(f)(2)€that€reads€š šunless€there€is€good€cause€for€taking€theŠ \¬ Štestimony€by€telephonešš€makes€no€sense,€because€the€Rule€requiresŠ X Šthat€good€cause€be€shown€before€testimony€by€telephone€isŠ “  Šallowed.€€Mr.€Sykes€told€the€Committee€that€he€was€not€certainŠ ` ° Šthat€section€(e)€provides€guidance€as€to€what€constitutes€goodŠ  \  Šcause.€€Subsection€(e)(4)€provides€wide€discretion€to€find€otherŠ ø  Šcircumstances€that€constitute€good€cause.€€Section€(f)€is€a€flatŠ d“  Šprohibition,€except€if€the€testimony€is€to€be€offered€at€a€juryŠ `  Štrial.€€He€noted€that€what€seems€to€be€intended€is€that€if€theŠ ¼  Štestimony€is€to€be€offered€in€a€jury€trial,€and€a€party€objects,Š hø Šš šextra€goodšš€cause€would€be€necessary.€€€The€Vice€Chair€respondedŠ d Šthat€the€language€at€the€end€of€subsection€(f)(2)€that€readsŠ Ą Šš šunless€there€is€good€cause€for€taking€the€testimony€byŠ l¼ Štelephonešš€should€be€deleted.€€The€judge€could€allow€testimony€byŠ h Štelephone€in€a€jury€trial€if€no€party€objects€in€the€motionsŠ Ä Šprocess.€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€agreed€to€delete€the€lastŠ pĄ  Šphrase€of€subsection€(f)(2).€€Š !l" Šą  ąThe€Chair€told€the€Committee€that€two€guests€were€present€toŠ Č"$ Šdiscuss€this€topic,€Douglas€Hofstedt€and€Robert€Wallace.€€€Mr.Š t$Ä& ŠHofstedt€explained€that€the€Honorable€Nancy€Davis„Loomis,Š  &p!( ŠAdministrative€Judge€of€the€Circuit€Court€for€Anne€ArundelŠ Ģ'#* ŠCounty,€had€asked€Mr.€Wallace€and€him€to€attend€the€meeting€toŠ x)Č$, Šspeak€in€favor€of€the€proposed€Rule.€€The€meeting€materialsŠ $+t&. Šcontain€a€printout€of€the€policies€that€the€Circuit€Court€forŠ Š, (0 ŠAnne€Arundel€County€has€adopted€pertaining€to€testimony€byŠ |.Ģ)2 Štelephone,€and€these€are€very€close€to€what€the€Rule€sets€out.€Š ° Š(See€Appendix€2).€€The€Honorable€Ronald€A.€Silkworth,€anotherŠ \¬ ŠAnne€Arundel€County€Circuit€Court€judge,€instituted€a€pilotŠ X Šprogram€of€testimony€by€telephone€that€was€very€limited€in€whatŠ “  Šwas€allowed.€€It€was€not€used€frequently,€so€categories€ofŠ ` ° Šsituations€that€could€qualify€for€a€blanket€approval€by€the€courtŠ  \  Šwere€developed.€€No€case„specific€approval€by€the€court€isŠ ø  Šrequired,€and€a€party€does€not€have€to€notify€the€other€parties.€Š d“  ŠAnne€Arundel€County€Circuit€Court€is€using€Courtcall€as€a€vendor,Š `  Šwhich€has€been€very€useful.€€The€parties€pay€$50€for€the€service.€Š ¼  ŠThere€had€been€some€opposition€to€the€charge,€but€charging€forŠ hø Šthe€service€is€a€good€idea,€because€it€makes€people€think€aboutŠ d Šwhether€they€should€use€it,€and€no€staff€time€is€taken€away€forŠ Ą Šthis.€€All€that€is€necessary€to€do€is€to€contact€Courtcall,€whichŠ l¼ Šthen€connects€the€witness€to€the€courtroom,€and€the€testimony€canŠ h Šbe€taken.€€Without€using€this€type€of€service,€the€telephoneŠ Ä Šlines€in€the€courthouse€would€be€tied€up.€€Courtcall€wired€everyŠ pĄ  Šcourtroom€free€of€charge,€because€it€makes€its€money€from€theŠ !l" Štransaction€fees.€€Š Č"$ Šą  ąJudge€Norton€asked€how€many€telephones€there€are€perŠ t$Ä& Šcourtroom.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€replied€that€each€courtroom€has€aŠ  &p!( Šdigital€speaker€telephone€with€extendable€microphones.€€TheŠ Ģ'#* Štestimony€by€telephone€actually€is€louder€at€times€than€peopleŠ x)Č$, Šspeaking€into€the€microphone.€€The€staff€tried€out€differentŠ $+t&. Šplacements€for€the€speakers,€and€they€are€now€working€correctly.€€Š Š, (0 ŠThere€is€a€dedicated€line€to€the€judge€in€the€courtroom.€€AnneŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠArundel€County€generally€requires€that€the€testimony€by€telephoneŠ ° Šhas€to€be€set€up€at€least€five€days€before€the€trial€or€hearing.€Š \¬ ŠIt€could€be€set€up€within€one€day€for€a€hardship€situation.€€TheŠ X Šproposed€Rule€requires€the€filing€of€a€motion€at€least€30€daysŠ “  Šbefore€the€trial€of€hearing,€which€may€be€a€problem€in€that€itŠ ` ° Šcould€limit€the€ability€to€use€the€service.€€The€Vice€ChairŠ  \  Šinquired€as€to€how€the€request€to€use€the€service€is€effected.€Š ø  ŠMr.€Hofstedt€replied€that€if€it€is€a€š šCategory€1"€hearing,Š d“  Šmeaning€that€there€is€blanket€approval,€the€party€calls€CourtcallŠ `  Šdirectly.€€The€court€receives€an€e„mail€from€Courtcall,€withŠ ¼  Šnotice€to€the€postponement€clerk,€the€assignment€clerk,€Mr.Š hø ŠHofstedt,€and€Mr.€Wallace.€€The€e„mail€notification€includes€theŠ d Šname€of€the€judge€and€the€date€of€the€hearing.€€The€assignmentŠ Ą Šoffice€puts€the€case€on€the€docket,€noting€the€telephonicŠ l¼ Šappearance.Š h Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€asked€if€the€other€side€knows€about€theŠ Ä Štestimony€by€telephone.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€answered€that€the€otherŠ pĄ  Šside€does€not€know€about€it.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€aboutŠ !l" Šproblems€that€have€arisen.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€replied€that€twice,Š Č"$ Šthere€has€been€a€problem€because€the€vendor€did€not€understandŠ t$Ä& ŠAnne€Arundel€County€procedures.€€He€contacted€the€vendor,€and€theŠ  &p!( Švendor€immediately€corrected€the€problem.€€The€Vice€ChairŠ Ģ'#* Šinquired€as€to€when€Mr.€Hofstedt€finds€out€about€a€problem.€€Mr.Š x)Č$, ŠHofstedt€replied€that€he€finds€out€prior€to€the€trial€date.€€€Š $+t&. ŠThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€other€side€does€not€know€about€theŠ Š, (0 Štestimony€by€telephone.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€responded€that€it€does€notŠ |.Ģ)2 Šmatter€if€the€other€side€knows,€because€under€the€Anne€ArundelŠ ° ŠCounty€procedures,€the€other€side€does€not€have€a€right€toŠ \¬ Šobject.€€In€a€š šCategory€2"€hearing,€a€party€must€obtain€the€priorŠ X Šapproval€of€a€judge€in€order€for€there€to€be€testimony€byŠ “  Štelephone.€€The€Vice€Chair€questioned€as€to€who€picks€up€on€theŠ ` ° Šfact€that€the€vendor€has€set€up€a€telephonic€appearance€that€isŠ  \  Šnot€appropriate.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€answered€that€usually€someone€fromŠ ø  Šthe€assignment€office€or€the€postponement€coordinator€identifiesŠ d“  Šthe€problem.€€Any€of€the€administrative€staff€can€contactŠ `  ŠCourtcall€to€tell€them€that€the€telephone€proceeding€may€not€beŠ ¼  Šscheduled.€€Courtcall€personnel€call€the€Anne€Arundel€CountyŠ hø Šcourt€staff€several€times€a€day€to€ask€if€certain€situations€areŠ d Šallowable.Š Ą Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€questioned€as€to€how€the€party€who€requestsŠ l¼ Šthe€testimony€by€telephone€sets€it€up.€€What€information€does€theŠ h Šcourt€staff€have€to€determine€whether€or€not€testimony€byŠ Ä Štelephone€is€appropriate?€€Mr.€Hoftstedt€responded€that€he€doesŠ pĄ  Šnot€see€the€documents€filed€by€the€party.€€The€postponementŠ !l" Šcoordinator€and€the€judge€see€them.€€The€judge€uses€the€sameŠ Č"$ Šfactors€listed€in€the€Rule€to€determine€whether€testimony€byŠ t$Ä& Štelephone€is€appropriate.€€Judge€Alpert€expressed€the€view€that€aŠ  &p!( ŠRule€like€the€one€proposed€would€be€compatible€with€the€system€inŠ Ģ'#* ŠAnne€Arundel€County.€€The€Rule€provides€guidance€to€the€judge.€Š x)Č$, ŠThe€proposed€Rule€has€been€reviewed€by€a€committee€of€judges€andŠ $+t&. Šlawyers€as€well€as€by€the€Trial€Subcommittee.Š Š, (0 Šą  ąThe€Chair€asked€what€kind€of€witness€is€usually€giving€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Štelephonic€testimony.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€answered€that€one€example€isŠ ° Ša€case€that€involved€the€custody€of€a€child,€where€the€mother€ofŠ \¬ Šthe€child€was€in€New€Mexico,€and€she€was€asked€to€verify€a€changeŠ X Šin€the€custody€of€the€child€to€the€father€in€Maryland.€€There€wasŠ “  Ša€masterššs€hearing€and€then€a€status€hearing€in€the€circuit€courtŠ ` ° Što€confirm€what€had€been€filed.€€Š  \  Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€since€opposing€counsel€cannotŠ ø  Šobject€in€the€Anne€Arundel€County€system,€proposed€Rule€2„513€isŠ d“  Šnot€compatible€with€that€system.€€Rule€2„513€provides€for€aŠ `  Šmotion€that€requires€notice€and€gives€the€parties€a€chance€toŠ ¼  Šrespond.€€Ms.€Potter€noted€that€there€are€two€categories€in€theŠ hø ŠAnne€Arundel€County€system.€€Mr.€Klein€commented€that€he€hadŠ d Šlooked€at€the€procedures€for€Category€2€situations€in€AnneŠ Ą ŠArundel€County,€and€there€is€nothing€that€provides€for€copies€toŠ l¼ Šbe€sent€to€other€parties€orņņóó€for€a€right€to€object.€€This€couldŠ h Šinvolve€a€key€witness€in€a€case.€€Mr.€Hofstedt€remarked€that€thisŠ Ä Šis€not€used€for€a€key€witness.€€It€is€up€to€the€judge€to€allowŠ pĄ  Šthe€testimony€by€telephone.€€Mr.€Klein€asked€how€a€judge€would€beŠ !l" Šable€to€ascertain€this€if€the€judge€does€not€know€anything€aboutŠ Č"$ Šthe€case€and€does€not€hear€from€all€parties€before€making€aŠ t$Ä& Šdecision.Š  &p!( Šą  ąJudge€Alpert€told€the€Committee€that€the€30„day€periodŠ Ģ'#* Šprovided€for€in€section€(c)€had€been€decreased€from€the€initialŠ x)Č$, Štime€period€suggested.€€A€lawyer€may€need€time€to€prepare€as€toŠ $+t&. Šwho€the€witnesses€will€be.€€The€30„day€period€had€been€discussedŠ Š, (0 Šbefore€it€was€chosen.€€The€Chair€commented€that€when€one€lawyerŠ |.Ģ)2 Šproposes€to€the€other€that€a€witnessššs€testimony€be€taken€byŠ ° Štelephone,€the€lawyer€who€has€been€asked€may€wish€to€do€someŠ \¬ Šinvestigation€before€deciding€whether€to€agree€to€this.€€JudgeŠ X ŠMatricciani€inquired€as€to€whether€this€kind€of€testimony€wouldŠ “  Šbe€allowed€if€an€expert€witness€broke€his€or€her€ankle€the€nightŠ ` ° Šbefore€the€trial.€€The€Vice€Chair€responded€that€it€would€dependŠ  \  Šon€whether€all€the€parties€agreed€to€it.€€Mr.€Klein€added€thatŠ ø  Šthis€is€permissible€under€the€escape€clause€provided€for€inŠ d“  Šsection€(c).€€The€Chair€suggested€that€the€time€period€could€beŠ `  Šchanged€to€15€days,€but€he€expressed€the€opinion€that€the€30„dayŠ ¼  Štime€period€is€not€unreasonable.€€The€court€can€allow€the€motionŠ hø Što€be€filed€later,€so€that€solves€the€time€problem.€€Judge€NortonŠ d Šremarked€that€he€prefers€the€30„day€time€period,€because€it€givesŠ Ą Šthe€parties€a€chance€to€respond.€€Mr.€Klein€noted€that€if€theŠ l¼ Štime€period€is€reduced€to€less€than€30€days,€language€would€haveŠ h Što€be€added€to€the€Rule€concerning€the€time€for€filing€anŠ Ä Šobjection.€Š pĄ  Šą  ąMr.€Brault€inquired€as€to€whether€testimony€by€telephoneŠ !l" Šfrom€a€foreign€country€would€be€precluded.€€The€Chair€repliedŠ Č"$ Šthat€this€is€not€precluded.€€Mr.€Brault€commented€that€he€isŠ t$Ä& Šcounsel€in€a€case€in€which€one€of€the€issues€is€identifying€theŠ  &p!( Šappropriate€German€law.€€It€will€require€participation€by€GermanŠ Ģ'#* Šlawyers.€€Using€testimony€by€telephone€would€be€very€efficientŠ x)Č$, Šand€cost„saving€in€this€kind€of€case.€€The€Chair€said€that€thereŠ $+t&. Šwas€a€case€in€the€Court€of€Special€Appeals,€ņņSalerian€v.€MarylandŠ Š, (0 ŠState€Board€of€Physiciansóó,€176€Md.€App.€231€(2007),€involving€Ō_ŌtheŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šdiscipline€of€a€psychiatrist€for€publicizing€information€given€toŠ ° Šhim€during€sessions€with€a€man€charged€with€espionage.€€The€spyššsŠ \¬ Štestimony€was€given€from€a€prison€cell€using€a€device€similar€toŠ X Šthe€Ō_ŌCourtcallŌ_Ō€mechanism.€€This€was€approved€by€the€Court€ofŠ “  ŠSpecial€Appeals.€€This€was€in€the€administrative€context,€ratherŠ ` ° Šthan€the€civil€litigation€context.€€The€Chair€added€that€theŠ  \  Šproposed€Rule€makes€good€sense.€€There€may€be€situations€in€whichŠ ø  Šthe€court€would€want€to€assess€the€costs€differently,Š d“  Šparticularly€in€a€case€where€the€court€is€satisfied€thatŠ `  Štestimony€by€telephone€is€appropriate,€and€there€have€been€manyŠ ¼  Šfrivolous€objections€by€the€party€who€wants€the€witness€to€be€inŠ hø Šcourt.€€He€suggested€that€the€following€language€should€be€addedŠ d Što€the€beginning€of€section€(g):€š š[Ō_Ōu]nlessŌ_Ō€the€court€ordersŠ Ą Šotherwise,€...šš.€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€theŠ l¼ Šaddition€of€this€language.€€Š h ŠŅe°Ņą  ąMr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€asked€if€Judge€Alpertššs€committee€had€taken€intoŠ Ä Šaccount€the€effect€this€Rule€has€on€the€use€of€depositions€if€aŠ pĄ  Šparty€is€unavailable.€€Judge€Alpert€answered€that€they€had€takenŠ !l" Šinto€account€the€expense€involved,€and€one€of€the€factorsŠ Č"$ Šconsidered€was€that€the€cost€of€depositions€taken€out€of€stateŠ t$Ä& Šcould€be€prohibitive€to€parties.€€Mr.€Ō_ŌBraultŌ_Ō€commented€thatŠ  &p!( Šsubsection€(f)(5)€seems€to€conflict€with€Rule€2„419€(a)(3).€€If€aŠ Ģ'#* Šdiscovery€deposition€of€a€witness€is€taken,€and€the€witnessŠ x)Č$, Šbecomes€no€longer€available€to€testify€at€trial,€a€discoveryŠ $+t&. Šdeposition€can€be€used€under€the€circumstances€set€forth€in€RuleŠ Š, (0 ŠŌ_Ō2„4Ō_ŌŌ_Ō19.Ō_Ō€€The€Chair€said€that€the€problem€can€be€cured€by€deletingŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠŌ_Ōthe€language€š šfor€perpetuation€of€evidencešš€in€subsection€(f)(5).€Š ° ŠJudge€Alpert€consented€to€this€suggestion,€and€by€consensus,€theŠ \¬ ŠCommittee€agreed€to€make€this€change.€€Š X Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€subsection€(e)(1)€should€readŠ “  Šš šif€the€witness€is€unavailable€and€was€not€deposed.šš€€If€theŠ ` ° Šwitness€had€been€deposed€and€is€now€unavailable,€a€party€shouldŠ  \  Šhave€the€right€to€use€the€deposition,€unless€the€partiesŠ ø  Šstipulate€to€allowing€the€testimony€to€be€taken€by€telephone.€Š d“  ŠMs.€Potter€inquired€as€to€what€would€happen€if€a€discoveryŠ `  Šdeposition€was€taken€by€opposing€counsel,€who€chose€not€to€askŠ ¼  Šcertain€questions,€and€now€the€other€side€wishes€to€present€theŠ hø Šwitnessššs€testimony€by€telephone€and€ask€those€questions,€willŠ d Šthis€be€allowed?€€The€Chair€said€that€the€language€of€the€RuleŠ Ą Štakes€care€of€this€problem.€€If€one€side€wants€to€present€theŠ l¼ Štestimony€of€a€witness€by€way€of€the€telephone,€and€the€otherŠ h Šside€refuses€because€the€witnessššs€deposition€has€already€beenŠ Ä Štaken,€the€issue€before€the€court€is€whether€the€deposition€orŠ pĄ  Šthe€telephone€is€the€fairer€way€to€present€the€testimony.€€TheŠ !l" Šjudge€will€look€at€this€and€make€the€decision.€€The€Vice€ChairŠ Č"$ Šobserved€that€if€one€lawyer€says€that€the€deposition€testimony€isŠ t$Ä& Šfairer,€and€it€turns€out€that€the€testimony€was€poor,€but€theŠ  &p!( Šlawyer€wants€to€hold€the€other€side€to€it,€a€judge€probably€wouldŠ Ģ'#* Šnot€agree€that€this€is€fair.€€Ms.€Potter€pointed€out€that€theŠ x)Č$, Šdeposition€testimony€could€be€used€to€impeach€the€telephonicŠ $+t&. Šwitness.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€the€view€that€her€suggestedŠ Š, (0 Šlanguage€should€be€added€to€subsection€(e)(1).€€The€Chair€saidŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthat€the€language€is€not€necessary.€€The€language€referring€to€ņņdeŠ ° Šbene€esseóó€depositions€will€be€taken€out,€and€this€takes€care€ofŠ hø Šthe€problem.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€subsection€(a)(3)€ofŠ  p ŠRule€2„419,€which€provides€that€a€deposition€of€anyone€who€isŠ Ģ  Šunavailable€can€be€used,€would€not€be€correct.€€The€ChairŠ x Č Šexpressed€the€opinion€that€Rule€2„513€does€not€affect€Rule€2„419.€Š $ t  ŠIf€the€witnessššs€testimony€is€taken€by€telephone,€the€depositionŠ Š  Šcan€be€used€to€impeach€the€witness.€€The€Vice€Chair€hypothesizedŠ |Ģ  Ša€situation€where€the€witness€is€on€the€telephone€and€testifiesŠ (x  Što€subjects€A€and€B,€and€in€the€deposition,€a€subject€C€wasŠ Ō$ Šdiscussed.€€The€Vice€Chair€then€asked€if€under€this€Rule,€theŠ €Š Šdeposition€testimony€as€to€subject€C€can€be€submitted€to€theŠ ,| Šcourt€as€the€witnessššs€testimony,€or€if€it€is€necessary€to€askŠ Ų( Šquestions€directly€of€the€witness.€€The€Chair€replied€that€itŠ „Ō Šwould€be€necessary€to€go€through€the€witness.€€The€Vice€ChairŠ 0€ Šsaid€that€this€deprives€a€lawyer€of€a€right€that€he€or€she€wouldŠ Ü, Šotherwise€have.€€The€Chair€stated€that€the€deposition€of€theŠ ˆŲ  Šadverse€party€can€be€used€at€any€time€for€any€purpose.€€TheŠ 4!„" Šdeposition€of€a€non„party€witness€can€be€used€for€purposes€ofŠ ą"0$ Šimpeachment,€but€if€the€witness€is€unavailable,€the€testimonyŠ Œ$Ü& Šbecomes€substantively€admissible.Š 8&ˆ!( Šą  ąMr.€Brault€expressed€his€agreement€with€the€Vice€Chair.€€IfŠ ä'4#* Ša€lawyer€deposes€an€expert€witness,€and€the€witness€gave€damagingŠ )ą$, Štestimony€to€the€other€side€in€a€deposition,€then€this€is€aŠ <+Œ&. Šdiscovery€matter.€€Then,€as€happens€frequently,€a€video€is€taken,Š č,8(0 Šso€the€lawyer€leaves€out€the€damaging€testimony,€because€it€is€soŠ ”.ä)2 Šuseful.€€After€the€video€is€played,€the€lawyer€offers€theŠ ° Šwitnessššs€deposition.€€The€witness€has€testified€in€two€ways€„„Š \¬ Šon€the€video€and€on€the€transcript€of€the€witnessššs€discoveryŠ X Šdeposition.€€Mr.€Brault€added€that€he€believes€that€he€isŠ “  Šentitled€to€do€this€under€the€Rule.€€The€Vice€Chair€has€pointedŠ ` ° Šout€that€a€lawyer€can€use€a€witnessššs€testimony€by€telephone,€asŠ  \  Šwell€as€the€witnessššs€discovery€transcript,€not€for€impeachment,Š ø  Šbut€as€substantive€evidence.€€Impeachment€evidence€is€notŠ d“  Ševidence„in„chief.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€she€was€thinking€ofŠ `  Ša€situation€where€an€out„of„town€witness€cannot€appear€for€aŠ ¼  Šhearing.€€The€lawyer€has€the€right€to€offer€the€witnessššsŠ hø Šdeposition€testimony,€but€under€the€proposed€Rule,€since€theŠ d Šwitness€is€unavailable,€the€judge€may€decide€that€it€is€fairer€toŠ Ą Špresent€the€witnessššs€testimony€by€telephone.€€Ms.€PotterŠ l¼ Šremarked€that€her€understanding€was€that€testimony€taken€byŠ h Štelephone€would€be€treated€as€if€it€were€taken€in€the€courtroom.€Š Ä ŠThe€Vice€Chair€explained€that€the€Rule€may€be€classifying€anyŠ pĄ  Šwitness€who€is€otherwise€unavailable€as€available€because€ofŠ !l" Štestimony€by€telephone.Š Č"$ Šą  ąThe€Chair€pointed€out€that€subsection€(f)(3)€provides€as€aŠ t$Ä& Šfactor€in€determining€whether€testimony€can€be€taken€by€telephoneŠ  &p!( Šif€€š šthe€demeanor€and€credibility€of€the€witness€are€critical€toŠ Ģ'#* Šthe€outcome€of€the€proceeding,šš€so€the€witness€would€not€beŠ x)Č$, Špermitted€to€give€the€testimony€by€telephone€in€the€situationŠ $+t&. Šreferred€to€by€the€Vice€Chair.€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€thatŠ Š, (0 Šwhat€is€clear€as€a€bright„line€test€is€that€a€witness€who€hasŠ |.Ģ)2 Šbeen€deposed€becomes€ill€and€is€unavailable.€€The€lawyer€has€theŠ ° Šabsolute€right€under€the€existing€rules€to€submit€the€witnessššsŠ \¬ Šdeposition€testimony€as€substantive€evidence.€€The€proposed€RuleŠ X Šmay€interfere€with€this€right.€€Judge€Alpert€asked€if€the€ViceŠ “  ŠChair€agreed€that€if€the€witness€were€present,€there€would€be€noŠ ` ° Šproblem,€and€the€deposition€could€not€be€used€for€this€purpose.€Š  \  ŠThe€Vice€Chair€replied€affirmatively.€€Judge€Alpert€said€thatŠ ø  Šunder€the€proposed€Rule,€functionally,€the€witness€is€there.€€TheŠ d“  ŠVice€Chair€responded€that€the€witness€may€be€very€important€toŠ `  Šthe€case.€€Judge€Alpert€remarked€that€the€Rule€does€not€apply€toŠ ¼  Šthat€kind€of€a€witness.€€Mr.€Leahy€pointed€out€that€the€witnessŠ hø Šcan€be€cross„examined€as€to€his€or€her€deposition€testimony,€andŠ d Šif€the€witness€on€direct€testifies€to€subjects€A€and€B,€theŠ Ą Šlawyer€can€elicit€subject€C€from€the€witness.€€Š l¼ Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€reiterated€that€the€proposed€Rule€doesŠ h Šcontradict€Rule€2„419€(a)(3),€which€provides€that€once€a€witnessŠ Ä Šis€unavailable€for€whatever€reason,€the€deposition€of€thatŠ pĄ  Šwitness€may€be€used€by€any€party€for€any€purpose€against€anyŠ !l" Šother€party€who€was€present€or€represented€at€the€deposition€orŠ Č"$ Šhad€due€notice€thereof.€€Mr.€Klein€suggested€that€language€couldŠ t$Ä& Šbe€added€to€Rule€2„513€that€would€state€that€for€purposes€of€RuleŠ  &p!( Š2„419,€the€witness€who€testifies€by€telephone€would€be€treated€asŠ Ģ'#* Šthough€he€or€she€were€unavailable.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€theŠ x)Č$, Šview€that€this€would€be€helpful.€€Judge€Matricciani€expressed€theŠ $+t&. Šopinion€that€it€should€not€be€left€to€the€judge€to€determineŠ Š, (0 Šwhether€a€witnessššs€testimony€should€be€presented€in€the€form€ofŠ |.Ģ)2 Ša€deposition€transcript€or€testimony€by€telephone.€€The€RuleŠ ° Šcould€provide€that€the€court€may€not€allow€the€testimony€of€aŠ \¬ Šwitness€to€be€taken€by€telephone€if€counsel€elects€to€submit€aŠ X Šdeposition€transcript€in€accordance€with€Rule€2„419.€€Mr.€BraultŠ “  Šsaid€that€he€preferred€Mr.€Kleinššs€suggested€language.€€Mr.€KleinŠ ` ° Šexplained€that€his€change€would€clarify€that€a€witness€whoŠ  \  Štestifies€by€telephone€would€be€treated€as€if€the€witness€wereŠ ø  Šunavailable€under€Rule€2„419.€€The€Vice€Chair€added€that€thisŠ d“  Šwould€mean€that€a€lawyer€could€rely€on€both€Rules.€€Mr.€BraultŠ `  Šremarked€that€a€lawyer€may€depend€on€the€deposition€forŠ ¼  Šsubstantive€testimony,€and€then€find€out€that€the€witness€isŠ hø Šgoing€to€deny€it,€leaving€the€lawyer€with€only€using€theŠ d Štestimony€for€impeachment€purposes.Š Ą Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€language€will€be€added€that€will€beŠ l¼ Šdrafted€by€the€Style€Subcommittee€stating€that€a€witness€whoŠ h Štestifies€under€Rule€2„513€is€treated€as€if€not€available.€€Mr.Š Ä ŠBrault€suggested€that€the€wording€could€be:€€š ša€witness€remainsŠ pĄ  Šunavailable.šš€€The€Chair€continued€that€the€new€language€wouldŠ !l" Šalso€provide€that€the€term€š šunavailablešš€has€the€meaning€statedŠ Č"$ Šin€Rule€2„419€(a)(3).€€Mr.€Sykes€pointed€out€that€there€could€beŠ t$Ä& Štwo€substantive€versions€of€the€testimony.€€Mr.€Brault€remarkedŠ  &p!( Šthat€if€one€version€is€not€credible,€then€it€would€beŠ Ģ'#* Šinadmissible.€€The€Chair€added€that€it€would€be€excluded€underŠ x)Č$, Šthe€theory€that€it€is€inherently€unreliable.€€Mr.€BraultŠ $+t&. Šcommented€that€his€point€was€that€if€the€lawyer€has€the€testimonyŠ Š, (0 Šhe€or€she€wants€in€a€transcript,€the€lawyer€would€not€do€anythingŠ |.Ģ)2 Što€upset€this.€€Suddenly€the€witness€becomes€available€because€ofŠ ° Šthe€availability€of€testimony€by€telephone.€€This€should€not€meanŠ \¬ Šthat€the€transcript€cannot€be€put€into€evidence,€which€is€theŠ X Šproblem€pointed€out€by€the€Vice€Chair.€€The€suggested€languageŠ “  Šsolves€the€problem.€Š ` ° Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€asked€if€anyone€disagreed€with€the€idea€ofŠ  \  Šadding€in€a€provision€that€says€that€the€parties€can€stipulate€toŠ ø  Šthis,€so€that€there€need€not€be€a€motion€filed.€€Mr.€BraultŠ d“  Špointed€out€that€every€courtroom€in€Maryland€will€have€to€beŠ `  Šfitted€to€accommodate€testimony€by€telephone€with€telephones€thatŠ ¼  Šact€like€speakers.€€Apparently,€it€is€easier€to€hear€the€peopleŠ hø Šon€the€telephone€than€the€people€in€the€courtroom.€€What€will€theŠ d Šadministrative€judges€have€to€say€about€the€necessity€to€rewireŠ Ą Šthe€courtrooms?€€Mr.€Hofstedt€noted€that€in€Anne€Arundel€County,Š l¼ Šthe€vendor€paid€for€everything.€€Mr.€Wallace€commented€that€whenŠ h Šthe€new€courthouse€in€Anne€Arundel€County€was€built,€all€of€theŠ Ä Šcourtrooms€were€wired€with€a€telephone€system.€€The€telephone€inŠ pĄ  Šthe€courtroom€is€operational€at€the€same€time€as€the€CourtcallŠ !l" Štelephone€used€to€talk€to€witnesses.€€The€new€telephone€system€isŠ Č"$ Šrelatively€simple,€but€the€sound€quality€is€excellent.ą x ąMr.€BraultŠ t$Ä& Šinquired€as€to€whether€the€Courtcall€telephone€can€be€used€forŠ  &p!( Šother€purposes.€€Mr.€Wallace€replied€that€the€CourtcallŠ Ģ'#* Štelephones€are€able€to€call€outside€the€courthouse.€€Š x)Č$, Šą  ąJudge€Alpert€told€the€Committee€that€Judge€Kaplan€can€speakŠ $+t&. Šabout€the€experience€in€Baltimore€City.€€Judge€Kaplan€commentedŠ Š, (0 Šthat€more€than€10€years€ago,€Baltimore€City€tried€Courtcall€butŠ |.Ģ)2 Šcould€not€get€people€to€use€it.€€Mr.€Wallace€remarked€that€whenŠ ° Šit€was€first€installed€in€Anne€Arundel€County,€there€was€someŠ \¬ Šconcern€that€it€would€not€be€used.€€Some€people€do€not€know€thatŠ X Šit€is€available;€however,€most€of€the€members€of€the€bar€areŠ “  Šaware€of€it.€€It€has€been€publicized€in€ņņTheóó€ņņBarristeróó,€theŠ ` ° Šnewsletter€of€the€Anne€Arundel€County€Bar€Association.€€It€savesŠ  \  Štime€and€money.Š ø  Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€some€language€will€be€added€to€deal€withŠ d“  Šthe€problems€raised€by€the€Vice€Chair€and€Mr.€Brault.€€HeŠ `  Šsuggested€using€the€following€language€borrowed€from€Rule€2„419Š ¼  Š(a)(3),€as€a€guideline€for€the€Style€Subcommittee€who€can€thenŠ hø Šdraft€it€more€specifically:€€š šThe€deposition€of€a€witness€whoseŠ d Štestimony€is€received€by€telephone€may€be€used€by€any€party€forŠ Ą Šany€purpose€against€any€other€party€who€is€present€or€representedŠ l¼ Šat€the€taking€of€the€deposition€or€who€had€due€notice€thereof.šš€Š h ŠThis€would€be€added€to€Rule€2„513€as€a€new€section€(g).€€What€isŠ Ä Šnow€section€(g),€Costs,€would€be€moved€to€section€(h).€€ThisŠ pĄ  Šwould€make€it€clear€that€the€deposition€is€substantivelyŠ !l" Šadmissible.€€Mr.€Brault€noted€that€this€does€not€apply€to€expertŠ Č"$ Štestimony.€€Section€(a)(4)€of€Rule€2„419€provides€that€aŠ t$Ä& Švideotape€deposition€of€a€treating€or€consulting€physician€or€ofŠ  &p!( Šany€expert€witness€may€be€used€for€any€purpose,€even€though€theŠ Ģ'#* Šwitness€is€available€to€testify.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€aŠ x)Č$, ŠCommittee€note€be€added€that€would€state€that€section€(g)€is€notŠ $+t&. Šintended€to€change€Rule€2„419€(a)(4).€€By€consensus,€theŠ Š, (0 ŠCommittee€approved€this€Ō_Ōaddition.Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€section€(d)€should€alsoŠ ° Šcontain€language€that€requires€a€statement€of€the€reasons€why€theŠ \¬ Štestimony€by€telephone€should€be€allowed.€€By€consensus,€theŠ X ŠCommittee€approved€this€suggestion.€€The€Vice€Chair€asked€whetherŠ “  Šsubsection€(f)(5)€was€changed,€and€the€Chair€answered€that€theŠ ` ° Šlanguage€that€read€š šfor€perpetuation€of€evidencešš€was€deleted,€soŠ  \  Šthat€this€provision€is€not€limited€to€ņņde€bene€esseóó€depositions.Š ø  Šą  ąThe€Chair€thanked€Judge€Alpert€for€bringing€this€Rule€to€theŠ pĄ  ŠCommitteeššs€attention.€€By€consensus,€the€Committee€approved€theŠ l  ŠRule,€subject€to€restyling.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€as€toŠ Č Šapplication€of€the€Rule€in€the€District€Court.€€The€ChairŠ tÄ Šresponded€that€the€parallel€Rule€for€the€District€Court,€Rule€Š  p Š3„513,€is€included€in€the€materials€for€todayššs€meeting.€€ByŠ Ģ Šconsensus,€the€Committee€approved€Rule€3„513,€subject€toŠ xČ Šrestyling€to€conform€it€to€Rule€2„513.Š $t Šą  ąThe€Chair€wished€the€Committee€happy€holidays.€€The€ChairŠ Š  Šadjourned€the€meeting.Š |Ģ  Š